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Bronchial hyperresponsiveness in childhood: A narrative review

World Journal of Respirology 2016年第2期6卷 63-68页

作者： Amund Riiser Faculty of Teacher Education and Sports Sogn og Fjordane University College

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness(BHR) is an important but not asthma-specific characteristic and can be assessed by direct and indirect methods, based on the stimulus causing airway obstruction. BHR has been proposed as a prognostic marker of asthma severity and persistence, and may also be used to control pharmacological management of asthma. The most recent data on the prevalence and development of BHR in childhood and its predictive value for subsequent asthma development in late adolescence and adulthood is discussed in this review. According to the BHR-related scientific articles written in the English language and indexed in the publicly searchable PubM ed database, the prevalence of BHR varies based upon the methods used to assess it and the population examined. In general, however, BHR prevalence is reduced as children grow older, in both healthy and asthmatic populations. While asthma can be predicted by BHR, the predictive value is limited. Reduced lung function, allergic sensitization, female sex, and early respiratory illness have been identified as risk factors for BHR. The collective studies further indicate that BHR is a dynamic feature related to asthma, but asymptomatic BHR is also common. Ultimately, the prevalence of BHR varies depending on the population, the environment, and the evaluation methods used. While both the methacholine challenge and the exercise test may predict asthma in adolescence or early adulthood, the predictive value is higher for the methacholine challenge compared to the exercise test. The collective data presented in the present study demonstrate how BHR develops through childhood and its relation to bronchial asthma.

关键词： Asthma Bronchial hyperreactivity Bronchial hyperresponsiveness Children Exercise Methacholine

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Effects of 3-methyladenine on airway inflammation,airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus secretion in asthmatic mice

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China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine) 2019年第2期36卷 98-99页

作者： RAN Qin Dept Respir Dis Affil HospSouthwest Med UnivLuzhou 646000

Objective To investigate the effects of 3-methyladenineon airway inflammation,airway hyperresponsivenessand mucus secretion in asthmatic mice,and to explore itsmechanism. Methods C57BL /6J female mice were randomlydivided into normal control group ( PBS),OVAgroup(OVA),OVA with 3-methyladenine group (OVA +3-MA),and OVA with 4-phenylbutyrate group (OVA +4-PBA). OVA group,OVA + 3-MA group and OVA + 4-PBA groups were all sensitized and challenged with OVAto establish asthmatic models,while PBS group was givenPBS as a control. At 2 h before challenge,OVA + 3-MAgroup was intraperitoneally injected with 3-methyladenine,and OVA + 4-PBA group was intraperitoneally injectedwith 4-phenylbutyrate. Airway hyperresponsiveness,eosinophils,and pathological changes of pulmonarytissue (hematoxylin-eosin,HE staining) were measuredto confirm the establishment of asthmatic models.

关键词： OVA PBA Effects of 3-methyladenine on airway inflammation,airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus secretion in asthmatic mice

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Determinants of airway hyperresponsiveness—Balance of tonic and phasic contractility of airway smooth muscles of lobular bronchioles

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Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2012年第1期2卷 8-13页

作者： Kyongyob Min Keita Hosoi Yoshinori Kinoshita Satoshi Hara Hiroyuki Degami Tetsuo Takada Takahiko Nakamura Respiratory Division Department of Internal Medicine Itami City Hospital Hyogo Japan

Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a characteristic feature of asthma, and generally correlates with severity of asthma. Understanding the protection mechanism against excessive airway narrowing and how it breaks down is fundamental to solving the problem of asthma. In this paper we have proposed a stochastic modeling the airway smooth muscle bundle for reproducing AHR such as an increased sensitivity of the airways to an inhaled constrictor agonist, a steeper slope of the dose-response curve, and a greater maximal response to agonist. A large number N of contractile muscle cells was assumed to repeat themselves in between contraction and relaxation asynchronously. Dynamic equilibrium of statistic physics was applied to the system of ASM bundle. Thus, the relation of dose to response of a piece of ASM bundle was described by Φ=tanh(βH) , where β was Boltzman factor and H represented energy of contraction induced by constrictor agents. Each of adjacent pair contractile cells was assumed to have Ising-type of antimagnetic interactions of preference energy J (for the condition of contraction-relaxation) between them. A motion equation for a piece of ASM bundle was described by Φ=N(H-zJΦ , which explained existence of combined tonic and phasic contractions. Based on observations of Venegas et al. [4], airway responsiveness was assumed to be assessable by total volume of the ventilation defects (TVD) of 13NN PET-CT images. Interactions via propagation of Ca ion waves between ASM bundles would cause percolation probability by PΦ=(1+tanh(βH))2/4 along the tree, then the relation of dose βH to TVD was described by TVD=PΦ[1-(1-PΦ)3/PΦ3]-TVD0. TVD0 represented the protection mechanism against excessive airway narrowing, which was determined by the ratio of amplitudes between tonic and phasic contractions, thus the balance of amplitudes between tonic and phasic contractions of peripheral lobular smooth muscles would be the determinant of AHR.

关键词： Airway hyperresponsiveness Stochastic Model of Airway Smooth Muscle Ising-Type of Antimagetic Interactions Percolation Process Phasic and Tonic Contractions

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Inhibition of PDE4 activity,airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by PDE4 inhibitor and glucocorticoid in a murine model of allergic asthma

Inhibition of PDE4 activity,airway inflammation and hyperres...

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浙江省生理科学会2006年学术年会

作者： Jian-gang Sun, Qiang-min Xie, Yang-mei Deng, Hui-fang Tang, Jun-fang Deng, Ji-qiang Chen Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory Of State Food And Drug Administration, Medical Science College Of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, P.R. China

Phosphodiesterase-4(PDE4) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship changes of PDE4 enzyme activity with airway mucus secretion, inflammation and airway responsiveness in mouse asthma model and inhibitory effects of piclamilast (a selective PDE4 inhibitor) and dexamethasone (a glucocorticoid) on these changes. Mice sensitized to ovalbumin were challenged with aerosolized antigen for 7 days.

关键词： piclamilast dexamethasone airways phosphodiesterase-4 cytokines goblet cell hyperresponsiveness inflammation mice

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Different cutoff values of methacholine bronchial provocation test depending on age in children with asthma

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第5期13卷 439-445页

作者： Eun Lee Young-Ho Kim Seungbong Han Song-I Yang Young-Ho Jung Ju-Hee Seo Hyo-Bin Kim So Yeon Lee Ji-Won Kwon Soo-Jong Hong Department of Pediatrics Chonnam National University HospitalGwangjuKorea Department of Pediatrics Gyeongsang National University Changwon HospitalChangwonKorea Department of Applied Statistics Gachon UniversitySeongnamKorea Department of Pediatrics Hallym University Sacred Heart HospitalAnyangKorea Department of Pediatrics Bundang CHA Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnamKorea Department of Pediatrics Dankook University College of MedicineCheonanKorea Department of Pediatrics Inje University Sanggye Paik HospitalSeoulKorea Department of Pediatrics Childhood Asthma Atopy CenterResearch Center for Standardization of Allergic DiseasesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Pediatrics Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamKorea

Background:Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is a fundamental pathophysiological characteristic of *** several factors such as airway caliber can affect BHR,no study has established age-dependent cutoff values of BHR to methacholine for the diagnosis of asthma in *** investigated the cutoff values of the methacholine challenge test (MCT) in the diagnosis of asthma according to ***:A total of 2383 individuals aged from 6 to 15 years old were included in this *** using the five-breath technique were performed in 350 children with suspected asthma based on symptoms by pediatric allergists and in 2033 healthy children from a general population-based *** determined the provocative concentration of methacholine producing a 20% decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second from baseline (PC20).A modified Korean version of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire was used to distinguish asthmatics and healthy *** characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the cutoff value of PC20 for the diagnosis of ***:Cutoff values of methacholine PC20,which provided the best combination of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity,showed an increasing pattern with age:5.8,9.1,11.8,12.6,14.9,21.7,23.3,21.1,21.1,and 24.6 mg/mL at ages 6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,and 15 years,***:The application of different cutoff values of methacholine PC20 depending on age might be a practical modification for the diagnosis of asthma in children and adolescents with asthmatic symptoms.

关键词： asthma bronchial hyperresponsiveness cutoff value receiver-operator characteristics

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Effects of Suhuang Zhike Capsules on Pulmonary Function and Peripheral Blood Eosinophil Count and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Patients with Acute Attack of Bronchial Asthma

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World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2019年第4期5卷 16-20页

作者： Geng Xinpu Liu Rong Le Zhaoxi Liu Shoulin Department of Respiratory Medicine Huai’an Cancer Hospital

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Suhuang Zhike Capsules on lung function and peripheral blood eosinophil count (EOS) and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) in patients with acute asthma ***: A total of 80 patients with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma admitted to Huai'an Cancer Hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 40 cases in each *** control group was given conventional treatment with western medicine,and the observation group was given Suhuang Zhike Capsules on the basis of the treatment method of the control *** 1 week of treatment,the improvement of individual symptoms (cough,wheezing,wheezing rale),lung function [1 second forced expiratory volume (FEV1),forced expiratory volume occupational capacity of vital capacity (FVC) in 1 second and peak expiratory flow (PEF)] and peripheral blood EOS and eNO levels and efficacy before and after the treatment were observed and ***: The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.5%,which was significantly higher than the total effective rate of the control group (75.0%)(P < 0.05).The cough,wheezing and wheezing scores of the 2 groups were significantly decreased after treatment (P < 0.05).The scores of the above symptoms were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05).The FEV1,FVC and PEF were significantly increased after treatment (P < 0.05),and the above lung functions in the observation group were significantly higher than the control group (all P < 0.05).The EOS and eNO levels in the peripheral blood of the 2 groups were significantly decreased after treatment (P < 0.05),and the EOS and eNO levels in the peripheral blood in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Suhuang Zhike Capsules can reduce the levels of EOS and eNO in peripheral blood of patients with acute asthma attack,improve the lu

关键词： Suhuang Zhike Capsules Acute attack of bronchial asthma Lung function Airway hyperresponsiveness EOS eNO

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