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Studies on Mechanisms and Blockade of Carcinogenic Action of Female Sex hormones

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Science China Chemistry 1994年第4期37卷 418-429页

作者：高凤鸣蒋涵英余璐李新兰王文惠段云波周红宁 Laboratory of Industrial Hygiene Ministry of Public Health Beijing 100088 PRC

Tumours of mice are induced by administration of Inj. Hydroxyprogesteroni Caproatis Co. (EP) in a practical subthreshold dose of carcinogenesis or 2. 5-5 times the human contraceptive dose (simply referred to as 2. 5- to 5-fold dose) combined with whole-body 0. 5 Gy gamma-ray irradiation. Malignant transformation of Syrian golden hamster embryo (SHE) cells is also induced by 5-fold dose of EP combined with 0. 3 Gy gamma-ray irradiation in vitro, thereby indicating that synergistic carcinogenesis can be obtained by combined use of physical and chemical *** mechanisms of synergistic carcinogenesis have been further explained by cytogenetics, damage extent of the target cell DNA and production of free radicals. The Chinese traditional medicine with antioxidat-ing effect (Sulekang Capsule, SC), food additive--butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and green tea can effectively inhibit the carcinogenic effect of EP or EP combined with gamma rays in mice. They all have marked ability to scavenge or remove the free radicals and thereby reduce the DNA damage.

关键词： female sex hormones gamma rays carcinogenesis green tea free radicals.

Plasticity as panacea？ Nerves, hormones, and the currencies of trade-offs

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Current Zoology 2015年第2期61卷 251-264页

作者： Elizabeth BASTIAANS Elizabeth SWANGER Department of Ecology Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota MN 55108 USA

Phenotypic plasticity is nearly universal among organisms, and evidence indicates that plasticity can exhibit additive genetic variation and respond to selection. These findings have important implications for our understanding of how plasticity may be constrained and how its mechanistic structure may affect its evolution. Many life history trade-offs may be conceptua- lized as plastic traits, with individuals varying in their position along trade-off axes due to genetic differences, developmental plasticity, or short-term plasticity occurring throughout an individual＇s lifetime. Behavioral plasticity is key to understanding when organisms are likely to encounter trade-offs, whether those trade-offs can be mitigated, and how the tradc-offs affect the ecology and evolution of populations. In this review, we discuss hormonal and neural mechanisms that may influence how plastic behavioral traits are expressed and evolve. We also outline a classification of life history trade-offs and their mechanistic bases and discuss the currencies most likely to mediate each category of trade-off and bow they are tied to the mechanisms by which animals express their behaviors.

关键词： Phenotypic plasticity Life history trade-offs hormones Neural tissue

Exogenous abscisic acid coordinating leaf senescence and transport of assimilates into wheat grains under drought stress by regulating hormones homeostasis

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 901-914页

作者： Yongli Luo Wenqian Li Cui Huang Junhao Yang Min Jin Jin Chen Dangwei Pang Yonglan Chang Yong Li Zhenlin Wang National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina

Drought at the grain filling stage of wheat will cause premature leaf senescence, thus leading to considerable loss of wheat yield. Therefore, this paper aims to establish a cultivation technology for strong drought resistance, delayed senescence, and yield improvement based on the analysis of hormones homeostasis obtained by applying chemical control substances. Experiments were conducted with two genotypes of wheat. Four water irrigation treatments were applied to impose the water deficit, including well-watered control treatment(WW), mild water deficit(MiWD), moderate water deficit(MoWD), and severe water deficit(SWD). Exogenous abscisic acid(ABA) was sprayed on the plants at the anthesis stage of the wheat. As a result, exogenous ABA reduced initial senescence rate(r0), total duration of chlorophyll(Chltotal), rapid senescence phase(Chlloss), and the accumulated temperature at an inflection point(M) but improved the persistence phase(Chlper) of flag leaves under all of the four treatments. However, exogenous ABA produced inconsistent effects on photoassimilate relocation and grain weight under different treatments. It produced positive regulatory effects on grain weight under WW, MiWD, and MoWD treatments. On the one hand, spraying ABA during the persistence phase of flag leaves reduced the ratios of zeatin to gibberellin(Z/GA3), spermine to spermidine(Spm/Spd), and salicylic acid to ABA(SA/ABA),which prolonged active photosynthesis by stimulating high level of proline(Pro) and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), catalase(CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase(APX). Therefore, drought tolerance was enhanced, and more photosynthetic assimilates were accumulated. On the other hand, the rapid senescence phase and the transport rate of assimilates into grains were accelerated, resulting in higher grain weight, yield, and water use efficiency(WUE). However, under SWD treatment, exogenous ABA improved the ratio

关键词： Wheat Water deficit stress Leaf senescence hormones Exogenous ABA

Effect of exogenous GA3 on flowering quality, endogenous hormones, and hormone-and flowering-associated gene expression in forcing-cultured tree peony（Paeonia suffruticosa）

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第6期18卷 1295-1311页

作者： GUAN Yan-ren XUE Jing-qi XUE Yu-qian YANG Ruo-wen WANG Shun-li ZHANG Xiu-xin Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China School of Landscape Architecture and Forestry Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109 P.R.China

Gibberellins(GAs)promote flowering in the forcing-cultured tree peony(Paeonia suffruticosa),however,the mechanism of regulating flowering is not fully *** this study,exogenous GA3 was applied to five-year-old Luoyang Hong plants to explore responses in terms of endogenous hormones,flowering quality,and the hormone-and flowering-associated gene *** GA3 application significantly promoted flower bud development and new branch growth,as well as improved flowering *** GA3 application also stimulated the synthesis of endogenous GA3 and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)but reduced abscisic acid(ABA)*** further elucidate the regulatory mechanism,eight genes for GA biosynthesis and signaling,including PsCPS,PsKS,PsGA3ox,PsGA2ox,PsGID1b,PsGID1c,PsDELLA,and PsGID2 were cloned for the first time,and sequence analysis was also *** results suggested that all the cloned genes have conserved structure as each homologous gene reported in the other *** trees constructed by the each cloned gene showed that the phylogenetic evolutionary relationship of *** was closely related to Vitis *** expression patterns of the above genes,and genes for ABA and IAA biosynthetic and signaling,and the flowering time were also *** of the above genes showed higher expression in the control buds than those in the GA3 treated buds at six developmental stages,whereas the expression levels of PsSOC1 and PsSPL9 were up-regulated by GA3 *** results also showed that the GA-biosynthetic and signaling pathways are conserved in tree peony,and the PsCPS,PsGA3ox,PsGA2ox,PsGID1,PsDELLA,and PsGID2 genes are necessary for feedback regulation of ***,hormone changes promoted PsSOC1 and PsSPL9 expression,and repressed PsSVP expression,which contributed to the improvement flowering quality in tree peony of forcing culture.

关键词： tree peony forcing culture hormones gibberellic acid GA biosynthesis and signaling flowering quality

Effects of flavonoids from Allium mongolicum Regel on growth performance and growth-related hormones in meat sheep

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第1期3卷 33-38页

作者： Muqier Sarula Qi Terigele Wang Renwei Chen Cuifang Wang Changjin Ao College of Animal Science Inner Mongolia Agricultural University

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different doses of flavonoids from Allium mongolicum Regel on the production performance and neuroendocrine hormones in meat sheep and to determine the optimum dosage of Allium mongolicum Regel flavonoids to add to the basal diet of dry lotfeeding meat sheep. Sixty meat sheep(initial body weight = 39.9 ± 3.2 kg; 6-month-old) were randomly assigned to 4 groups(15 sheep per group). The sheep in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the 3 experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with flavonoids at 11.22 and 33 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected via the jugular vein at d 0.15, 30, 45, and 60 to determine the neuroendocrine hormone levels. The fasting weight of the sheep was measured during the experimental period, and feed offered and refusals were recorded daily. The basal diet supplemented with flavonoids from 11 to 33 mg/kg significantly increased the daily weight gain and average daily feed intake(P0.05). Starting on d 30, the growth hormone(GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)levels in the sera of the sheep in the supplementation groups increased significantly(P0.05). The serum adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) levels were increased by the supplementation of flavonoids, but compared with the control group, the effect was not significant. The basal diet supplemented with flavonoids at levels from 11 to 33 mg/kg had a significant effect on the production performance and neuroendocrine hormone levels of meat sheep, and the effect occurr

关键词： Allium mongolicum Regel Flavonoids Growth performance hormones Meat sheep

New therapies for relapsed castration-resistant prostate cancer based on peptide analogs of hypothalamic hormones

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 925-928页

作者： Andrew V Schally Veterans Affairs Medical Center and South FloridaVeterans Affairs Foundation for Research andEducation Miami FL 33125 USA Department of Pathology University of Miami Miller School ofMedicine Miami FL 33136 USA Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/Oncology Universityof Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL33136 USA Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology University of Miami Miller School ofMedicine Miami FL 33136 USA Department of Medicine Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine MiamiFL 33136 USA Department of Urology HerbertWertheim College of Medicine Florida InternationalUniversity Miami FL 33174 USA.

Itis a pleasure to contribute our presentation at the International Prostate Forum of the Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association （AUA） to this special issue of the Asian Journal of Andrology. We are gratified that the method developed in our laboratories1 based on agonistic analogs of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone （LHRH）, also called gonadotropin which was discovered releasing hormone, and characterized by one of us （AVS） in the 1970S, has been used since the early 1980s for the treatment of hormone-dependent prostate cancer.

关键词： therapies castration hormones

No Home without hormones: How Plant hormones Control Legume Nodule Organogenesis

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Plant Communications 2020年第5期1卷 21-40页

作者： Jieshun Lin Manuel Frank Dugald Reid Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark

The establishment of symbiotic nitrogen fixation requires the coordination of both nodule development and infection *** the evolution of a variety of anatomical structures,nodule organs serve a common purpose in establishing a localized area that facilitates efficient nitrogen *** in all plant developmental processes,the establishment of a new nodule organ is regulated by plant *** nodule initiation,regulation of plant hormone signaling is one of the major targets of symbiotic *** review the role of major developmental hormones in the initiation of the nodule organ and argue that the manipulation of plant hormones is a key requirement for engineering nitrogen fixation in non-legumes as the basis for improved food security and sustainability.

关键词： nitrogen fixation symbiosis hormones nodule legume

Protective effect of natural products and hormones in colon cancer using metabolome:A physiological overview

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第10期7卷 957-966页

作者： Khaled Mohamed Mohamed Koriem Department of Medical Physiology Medical Research DivisionNational Research CentreDokkiCairoEgypt

Globally, the third cause of males cancer and the fourth cause of females cancer is colon cancer(CC). In Egypt, high CC percentage occurs in children and in individuals below 40 years of age. The complete loss of biological enzyme function is the main cause of CC and consequently CC increased in smoking and pollution exposure. The aim of this review is to focus on the application of metabolome as a physiological tool that can play an important role in preventing CC incidence by natural products and hormones. The dietary factors, intestinal micro-flora and endogenously produced metabolites are the main three causes that produce free radicals in the colon. A correlation occurs between the enzyme activity and CC polymorphisms or property. Nowadays metabolome is applied with the progress of different analytical methods, data bases and tools for cancer predication and stimulation especially in CC cases. Metabolism is defined as intracellular chemical reactions that produce chemical substances and energies sustaining life. Metabolic pathway networks are also composed of links that are defined as transformation of chemical structures between two metabolites and an enzyme reaction. The most important advantage of metabolome is its ability to analyze metabolites from any source, regardless of origin, where the application of liquid chromatography combined with mass spectra in metabolome analysis to a series of cancer cell lines that were progressively more tumorigenic due to the induction of 1,2,3 or 4 oncogenes to cell lines could be a metabolome example application. In conclusion, natural products and hormones are very important in preventing CC in humans and animal models where both natural products and hormones play a significant and important effect in regulating physiological process especially in CC cases. In this situation, metabolome must increase in its application in the future for the diagnosis of CC cases.

关键词： Colon cancer Metabolome Physiology Natural products hormones

Salt Stress Affects the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Altering the Antioxidant Machinery and Expression of hormones and Stress- Specific Genes

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第3期92卷 861-881页

作者： Shahid Hussain Rui Zhang Shuli Liu Yang Wang Irshad Ahmad Yinglong Chen Hongyan Hou Qigen Dai Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and PhysiologyJiangsu Coinnovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsResearch Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering TechnologyKey Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization(Coastal Saline-Alkali Lands)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225000China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China Yibang Agriculture Technology Development Co. Ltd.Dongying257000China

Understanding physiological responses in saline agriculture may facilitate wheat breeding *** on a screening test,the Ningmai-14(NM-14)and Yangmai-23(YM-23)wheat cultivars were selected for further experiments to understand the underlying salinity tolerance *** study investigated the effects of five salinity levels such as Control(CK)=0(without NaCl stress),S1=0.20%,S2=0.25%,S3=0.30%and S4=0.35%of NaCl concentrations of soil on wheat *** results showed that increased salinity concentration reduced the growth and yield of wheat cultivars(NM-14 and YM-23).However,YM-23(12.7%)yielded more than NM-14 at maximum salinity *** higher salinity(S4)increased the concentration of Na^(+)(4.3 to 5.8-fold)and P contents(2.5 to 2.2-fold),while reducing the average concentrations of K^(+),Cu,and K^(+)/Na^(+)*** higher salinity(S4)reduced the spikelet length by 21.35%(followed by grain spike−1),and the starch content by 18.81%.In the YM-23 cultivar,higher salinity increased superoxide dismutase(SOD),total antioxidant capacity(TAC),and *** to NM-14,induced expression of TaYUC2,6,and TaGA13ox,20ox genes were recorded in ***,in YM-23 the stress-specific genes such as TaHSP70,90 were enhanced whereas,TaSOS1,2 were ***,our study revealed that salt tolerant cultivars modulate hormonal and antioxidant activities,thus maintaining high growth.

关键词： Salinity wheat hormones K^(+)/Na^(+)ratio growth and yield gene expression