Exogenous abscisic acid coordinating leaf senescence and transport of assimilates into wheat grains under drought stress by regulating hormones homeostasis

作     者：Yongli Luo Wenqian Li Cui Huang Junhao Yang Min Jin Jin Chen Dangwei Pang Yonglan Chang Yong Li Zhenlin Wang Yongli Luo;Wenqian Li;Cui Huang;Junhao Yang;Min Jin;Jin Chen;Dangwei Pang;Yonglan Chang;Yong LiZhenlin Wang

作者机构：National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina 

出 版 物：《The Crop Journal》 (作物学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2021年第9卷第4期

页      面：901-914页

核心收录：

学科分类：09[农学] 0901[农学-作物学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant Nos.:2017YFD0301001 and 2016YFD0300403) the Shandong Province Mount Tai Industrial Talents Program the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.:31801295) 

主　　题：Wheat Water deficit stress Leaf senescence Hormones Exogenous ABA 

摘      要：Drought at the grain filling stage of wheat will cause premature leaf senescence, thus leading to considerable loss of wheat yield. Therefore, this paper aims to establish a cultivation technology for strong drought resistance, delayed senescence, and yield improvement based on the analysis of hormones homeostasis obtained by applying chemical control substances. Experiments were conducted with two genotypes of wheat. Four water irrigation treatments were applied to impose the water deficit, including well-watered control treatment(WW), mild water deficit(MiWD), moderate water deficit(MoWD), and severe water deficit(SWD). Exogenous abscisic acid(ABA) was sprayed on the plants at the anthesis stage of the wheat. As a result, exogenous ABA reduced initial senescence rate(r0), total duration of chlorophyll(Chltotal), rapid senescence phase(Chlloss), and the accumulated temperature at an inflection point(M) but improved the persistence phase(Chlper) of flag leaves under all of the four treatments. However, exogenous ABA produced inconsistent effects on photoassimilate relocation and grain weight under different treatments. It produced positive regulatory effects on grain weight under WW, MiWD, and MoWD treatments. On the one hand, spraying ABA during the persistence phase of flag leaves reduced the ratios of zeatin to gibberellin(Z/GA3), spermine to spermidine(Spm/Spd), and salicylic acid to ABA(SA/ABA),which prolonged active photosynthesis by stimulating high level of proline(Pro) and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), catalase(CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase(APX). Therefore, drought tolerance was enhanced, and more photosynthetic assimilates were accumulated. On the other hand, the rapid senescence phase and the transport rate of assimilates into grains were accelerated, resulting in higher grain weight, yield, and water use efficiency(WUE). However, under SWD treatment, exogenous ABA improved the ratio