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Nitrapyrin effectiveness in reducing nitrous oxide emissions decreases at low doses of urea in an Andosol

Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 303-313页

作者： Mayela MONGE-MUÑOZ Segundo URQUIAGA Christoph MÜLLER Juan Carlos CAMBRONEROHEINRICHS Mohammad ZAMAN Cristina CHINCHILLA-SOTO Azam BORZOUEI Khadim DAWAR Carlos E.RODRÍGUEZ-RODRÍGUEZ Ana Gabriela PÉREZ-CASTILLO Environmental Pollution Research Center(CICA) University of Costa RicaMontes de Oca 11501(Costa Rica) Embrapa Agrobiology Rod.BR 465km 7SeropédicaRJCEP 23891-000(Brazil) Institute of Plant Ecology Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff Ring 26Giessen 35392(Germany) School of Biology and Environmental Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4(Ireland) Soil and Water Management&Crop Nutrition Section Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and AgricultureDepartment of Nuclear Sciences and ApplicationsInternational Atomic Energy AgencyVienna International CentreVienna 1400(Austria) Nuclear Agriculture Research School Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute(NSTRI)Karaj ***(Iran) Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgriculturePeshawar 25000(Pakistan)

In the tropics,frequent nitrogen(N)fertilization of grazing areas can potentially increase nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions.The application of nitrification inhibitors has been reported as an effective management practice for potentially reducing N loss from the soil-plant system and improving N use efficiency(NUE).The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the co-application of nitrapyrin(a nitrification inhibitor,NI)and urea in a tropical Andosol on the behavior of N and the emissions of N_(2)O from autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification.A greenhouse experiment was performed using a soil(pH 5.9,organic matter content 78 g kg^(-1),and N 5.6 g kg^(-1))sown with Cynodon nlemfuensis at 60%water-filled pore space to quantify total N_(2)O emissions,N_(2)O derived from fertilizer,soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and NUE.The study included treatments that received deionized water only(control,NI).No significant differences were observed in soil NH_(4)^(+)content between the UR and UR+NI treatments,probably because of soil mineralization and NO_(3)^(-)produced by heterotrophic nitrification,which is not effectively inhibited by nitrapyrin.After 56 d,N_(2)O emissions in UR(0.51±0.12 mg N_(2)O-N concluded that the soil organic N mineralization and heterotrophic nitrification are the main processes of NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)production.Additionally,it was found that N_(2)O emissions were partially a consequence of the direct oxidation of the soil's organic N via heterotrophic nitrification coupled to denitrification.Finally,the results suggest that nitrapyrin would likely exert significant mitigation on N_(2)O emissions only if a substantial N surplus exists in soils with high organic matter content.

关键词： autotrophic nitrification heterotrophic nitrification mineral N ^(15)N tracer nitrification inhibitor tropical grass

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Isolation and Characterization of a New heterotrophic Nitrifying Bacillus sp. Strain

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2007年第6期20卷 450-455页

作者： YAN LIN HAI-NAN KONG YI-LIANG HE BIN-BIN LIU YUHIE INAMORI LI YAN School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Biotechnology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China National Institute for Environmental Studies 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba 305-8506 Ibaraki Japan

Objective To characterize the heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria. Methods The bacteria were isolated from membrane bioreactor for treating synthetic wastewater using the method newly introduced in this study. Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） was used to validate the nonexistence of autotrophic ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers. Batch tests were carried out to investigate the capability of heterotrophic nitrification by the pure culture. Phylogenetic analysis of the pure culture was performed. Results A heterotrophic nitrifier, named Bacillus sp. LY, was newly isolated from the membrane bioreactor system in which the efficiency of TN removal was up to 80%. After 24-day, incubation, the removal efficiency of COD by Bacillus sp. LY was 71.7 %. The ammonium nitrogen removal rate after assimilation nearly ceased by Bacillus sp. LY was 74.7% The phylogenetic tree of Bacillus sp. LY and the neighbouring nitrifiers were given. Conclusions The batch test results indicate that Bacillus sp. LY can utilize the organic carbon as the source of assimilation when it grows on glucose and ammonium chloride medium accompanying the formation of oxidized-nitrogen. It also can denitrify nitrate while nitrifying. Bacillus sp. LY may become a new bacterial resource for heterotrophic nitrification and play a bioremediation role in nutrient removal.

关键词： 16S rDNA Aerobic denitrification Bacillus heterotrophic nitrification Phylogenetic analysis

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Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification conducted by Halomonas venusta MA-ZP17-13 under low temperature conditions

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第9期40卷 94-104页

作者： Guizhen Li Qiliang Lai Guangshan Wei Peisheng Yan Zongze Shao School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources Third Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources Xiamen 361005China Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources Xiamen 361005China Sourthem Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519080China

nitrification is a key step in the global nitrogen cycle.Compared with autotrophic nitrification,heterotrophic nitrification remains poorly understood.In this study,Halomonas venusta MA-ZP17-13,isolated from seawater in shrimp aquaculture (Penaeus vannamei),could simultaneously undertake nitrification and denitrification.With the initial ammonium concentration at 100 mg/L,the maximum ammonium-nitrogen removal rate reached98.7%under the optimal conditions including C/N concentration ratio at 5.95,p H at 8.93,and Na Cl at 2.33%.The corresponding average removal rate was 1.37 mg/(L·h)(according to nitrogen) in 3 d at 11.2℃.By whole genome sequencing and analysis,nitrification-and denitrification-related genes were identified,including ammonia monooxygenase,nitrate reductase,nitrite reductase,nitric oxide dioxygenase and nitric oxide synthase;while no gene encoding hydroxylamine oxidase was identified,it implied the existence of a novel nitrification pathway from hydroxylamine to nitrate.These results indicate heterotrophic bacterium H.venusta MA-ZP17-13 can undertake simultaneous nitrification and denitrification at low temperature and has potential for NH_(4)^(+)-N/NH_(3)-N removal in marine aquaculture systems.

关键词： Halomonas heterotrophic nitrification denitrification ammonia oxidization ammonia removal

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Isolation and characterization of heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria in MBR

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第4期17卷 589-592页

作者： LINYan HEYi-liang KONGHai-nan LIUBin-bin LIYan INAMONYuhei SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering ShanghaiJiaotongUniversityShanghai200240China. DepartmentofBiotechnology ShanghaiJiaotongUniversityShanghai200240China NationalInstituteforEnvironmentalStudies16-20nogawa.Tsukuba IbarakiJapan）

The study presented the method for isolating the heterotrophic nitrifiers and the characterization of heterotrophic nitrification. Continuous tests via a membrane bioreactor (MBR) were operated under the controlled conditions to proliferate the nitrifiers. heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria were isolated from the system in which the efficiency of total nitrogen(TN) removal was up to 80%. Since no autotrophic ammonium and nitrite oxidizers could be detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH), oxidized-N production was unlikely to be catalyzed by autotrophic nitrifiers during the heterotrophic nitrifiers' isolation in this study. The batch test results indicate that the isolated heterotrophic bacteria were able to nitrify. After 3 weeks incubation, the efficiencies of the COD removal by the three isolated bacterial strains B1, B2, and B3 were 52 6%, 71 7%, and 77 7%, respectively. The efficiencies of the TN removal by B1, B2, and B3 were 35 6%, 61 2% and 68 7%, respectively.

关键词： membrane bioreactor(MBR) simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND) heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrification

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