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Perception of Medical Students towards hepatitis b virus infection and hepatitis b Vaccination in a Private Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 39-48页

作者： Prosper Ifeanacho Okonkwo Kingsley Chinedu Okafor Saratu Lamido Toluwani bamisaiye Eunice Lagasi Department of Community Medicine & PHC Bingham University Karu Nigeria

background: Prevention is one of the safe schemes against the high prevalence of viral hepatitis. Negative perceptions or perceptions about the risks of hepatitis b among medical students and health care workers may influence the behavioral pattern and adoption of preventive measures against the virus and can affect the uptake of the hepatitis b vaccine. This study assesses the perception of medical students towards hepatitis b virus infection and hepatitis b Vaccination in a Private Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in August 2021 among 236 clinical medical students using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analysed using the IbM SPSS 28 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Ethical approval was granted by bingham University Teaching Hospital, Ethics Committee, Jos, Plateau State. Results: Two-thirds of respondents were of the opinion that they are at risk of contracting HbV. Half were of the opinion that the risk is very much while a third believed the risk is moderate. Among those who think they are not at risk of contracting HbV, the majority felt so because they are vaccinated while 10.3% believe that they are safe. 43.2% of respondents think that HbV Vaccine is very effective in preventing HbV infection while 39.8% think it is slightly effective, and 7.6% think it is not effective. Almost all respondents, 99.2% are of the opinion that HbV Vaccination is important for students while 0.8% think it is not important. The majority of the respondents at 95.8% were willing to be screened for HbV. The majority (85.6%) of respondents are willing to pay for HbV Vaccine as against 14.4% of respondents who are not willing to pay. Conclusion: Summarily, 21 (8.9%) of the students had a negative perception of hepatitis b Vaccination, and 215 (91.1%) had a positive perception of hepatitis b Va

关键词： Perception hepatitis b virus infection hepatitis b Vaccination Medical Students

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T cell immunopathogenesis and immunotherapeutic strategies for chronic hepatitis b virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第20期18卷 2443-2451页

作者： Yukihiro Shimizu Gastroenterology Unit Takaoka City Hospital 4-1 Takara-machi Takaoka city Toyama 933-8550 Japan

hepatitis b is caused by the host immune response and T cells play a major role in the immunopathogenesis. More importantly,T cells not only destroy hepatocytes infected by hepatitis b virus(HbV),but also control HbV replication or eradicate HbV in a noncytolytic ***,analysis of T cell immune response during acute and chronic HbV infection is important to develop a strategy for successful viral control,which could lead to immunotherapy for terminating persistent HbV *** have been many attempts at immunotherapy for chronic HbV infection,and some have shown promising *** viral load has been shown to suppress antiviral immune responses and immunoinhibitory signals have been recently elucidated, therefore,viral suppression by nucleos(t)ide analogs, stimulation of antiviral immune response,and suppression of the immunoinhibitory signals must be combined to achieve desirable antiviral effects.

关键词： T cells Immunopathogenesis Immunotherapy hepatitis b virus infection

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Cellular DNA repair cofactors affecting hepatitis b virus infection and replication

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第32期14卷 5059-5065页

作者： Fan Zhao Ning-bo Hou Ting Song Xiang He Zi-Rui Zheng Qing-lun Ma Li Li Yan-Hong Zhang Hui Zhong beijing Institute of biotechnology Room 841 East District Building No. 27 Taiping Road Haidian District Beijing 100850 China

AIM： To investigate whether hepatitis b virus （HbV） infection activates DNA damage response and DNA repair cofactors inhibit HbV infection and replication. METHODS： Human hepatocyte cell line HL7702 was studied. Immunoblotting was performed to test the expression of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated （ATM）- Rad3-related protein （ATR）, p21 and the level of phosphorylation of Chkl, p53, H2AX, ATM in HbV-infected or non-infected-cells. Special short RNAi oligos was transfected to induce transient ATR knockdown in HL7702. ATR-ATN chemical inhibitors caffeine （CF） and theophylline （TP）, or Chkl inhibitor 7-hydroxystaurosporine （UCN01） was studied to determine whether they suppress cellular DNA damage response and NG132 inhibits proteasome. RESULTS： The ATR checkpoint pathway, responding to single-strand breaks in DNA, was activated in response to HbV infection. ATR knockdown cells decreased the HbV DNA yields, implying that HbV infection and replication could activate and exploit the activated DNA damage response. CF/TP or UCN01 reduced the HbV DNA yield by 70% and 80%, respectively. HbV abrogated the ATR-dependent DNA damage signaling pathway by degrading p21, and introduction of the p21 protein before HbV infection reduced the HbV DNA yield. Consistent with this result, p21 accumulation after NG132 treatment also sharply decreased the HbV DNA yield. CONCLUSION： HbV infection can be treated with therapeutic approaches targeting host cell proteins by inhibiting a cellular gene required for HbV replication or by restoring a response abrogated by HbV, thus providing a potential approach to the prevention and treatment of HbV infection.

关键词： hepatitis b virus DNA damage response hepatitis b virus infection Caffeine RNAi

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hepatitis b virus infection reactivation in patients under immunosuppressive therapies:Pathogenesis,screening,prevention and treatment

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World Journal of Virology 2022年第5期11卷 275-282页

作者： Anna Maria Spera Infectious Disease Unit Universitary Hospital OORR San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'AragonaSalerno 84131Italy

With a 5.3%of the global population involved,hepatitis b virus(HbV)is a major public health challenge requiring an urgent *** a possible acute phase,the natural history of HbV infection can progress in *** with overt or occult HbV infection can undergo HbV reactivation(HbVr)in course of immunosuppressive treatments that,apart from oncological and hematological diseases,are also used in rheumatologic,gastrointestinal,neurological and dermatological settings,as well as to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 *** risk of HbV reactivation is related to the immune status of the patient and the baseline HbV infection *** aim of the present paper is to investigate the risk of HbVr in those not oncological settings in order to suggest strategies for preventing and treating this *** main studies about HbVr for patients with occult hepatitis b infection and chronic HbV infection affected by non-oncologic diseases eligible for immunosuppressive treatment have been *** occurrence of this challenging event can be reduced screening the population eligible for immunosuppressant to assess the best strategies according to any virological *** prospective studies are needed to increase data on the risk of HbVr related to newer immunomodulant agents employed in non-oncological setting.

关键词： hepatitis b virus infection Reactivation Occult b infection Chronic b infection Immunosuppression Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs

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High Prevalence of hepatitis b virus infection Compared to Human Immunodeficiency virus among blood Donors in bangui

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第6期10卷 137-143页

作者： Serges Magloire Camengo Police bernard bessanguem Eveline Mofini benoît Elowa Georges Service Peggy Guéréndo Armelo Thibaut Yangba Kalebanga Nathalie Philomène boua-Akélélo Tolmbaye Sem Fiacre Odilon Joseph Roger Molowa Kobendo Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Internal Medicine of “Amitié Sino-Centrafraine” University Hospital Center Bangui Central African Republic Department of Internal Medicine “Maman Elisabeth Domitien” University Hospital Center Bimbo Central African Republic Department of Venerology Dermatology National University Hospital Center Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: hepatitis b virus (HbV) and Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a public health problem worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: to compare the epidemiological, clinical and ... 详细信息

b>Introduction:b> Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a public health problem worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. b>Objective:b> to compare the epidemiological, clinical and biological characteristics of chronic HBV and HIV infection in blood donors at the National Center for Blood Transfusion (NCBT) in Bangui. b>Patients and Methods:b> This was an 8-month analytical cross-sectional study from August 10, 2011 to April 9, 2012. During this study, we consecutively enrolled consenting blood donors of both sexes in which the search for HBsAg and HIV infection was carried out. b>Results:b> During the study period, 850 blood donors were collected. HBsAg was found in 142 donors (16.7%), of whom 55 blood donors (6.5%) were coinfected with HIV. On the other hand, HIV serology was positive in 77 blood donors (9.1%) including 55 co-infected (6.5%) with HBV. In order to better compare the risk factors, we have not included HIV-HBV coinfected patients. Only 795 blood donors were selected for the risk factor study. There were 87 cases of HBsAg positive (10.9%) and 22 cases of HIV positive (2.8%). The average age of HIV and HBV infected patients was 25.7 and 26.2 years

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Management of psoriasis patients with hepatitis b or hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6444-6455页

作者： Claudio bonifati Viviana Lora Dario Graceffa Lorenzo Nosotti Center for the Study and Treatment of Psoriasis San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS Gastrointestinal and Liver Department National Institute for Health Migration and Poverty

The systemic therapies available for the management of Psoriasis (PsO) patients who cannot be treated with more conservative options, such as topical agents and/or phototherapy, with the exception of acitretin, can worsen or reactivate a chronic infection. Therefore, before administering immunosuppressive therapies with either conventional disease-modifying drugs (cDMARDs) or biological ones (bDMARDs) it is mandatory to screen patients for some infections, including hepatitis b virus (HbV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). In particular, the patients eligible to receive an immunosuppressive drug must be screened for the following markers: antibody to hepatitis b core, antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-HbsAg), HbsAg, and antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). In case HbV or HCV infection is diagnosed, a close collaboration with a consultant hepatologist is needed before and during an immunosuppressive therapy. Concerning therapy with immunosuppressive drugs in PsO patients with HbV or HCV infection, data exist mainly for cyclosporine a (CyA) or bDMARDs (etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, ustekinumab). The natural history of HbV and HCV infection differs significantly as well as the effect of immunosuppression on the aforementioned infectious diseases. As a rule, in the case of active HbV infection, systemic immunosuppressive antipsoriatic therapies must be deferred until the infection is controlled with an adequate antiviral treatment. Inactive carriers need to receive antiviral prophylaxis 2-4 wk before starting immunosuppressive therapy, to be continued after 6-12 mo from its suspension. Due to the risk of HbV reactivation, these patients should be monitored monthly for the first 3 mo and then every 3 mo for HbV DNA load together with transaminases levels. Concerning the patients who are occult HbV carriers, the risk of HbV reactivation is very low. Therefore, these patients generally do not need antiviral prophylaxis and the sera HbsAg and transaminases dosing can be

关键词： Psoriasis Therapy Conventional disease-modifying drugs biological disease-modifying drugs hepatitis b virus infection hepatitis C virus infection

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Demyelinating neuropathy in patients with hepatitis b virus: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第10期12卷 1766-1771页

作者： Xiao-Xiao Yan Jin Huang Jing Lin Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityRuian 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

bACKGROUND hepatitis b rarely leads to demyelinating neuropathy,despite peripheral neuropathy being the first symptom of hepatitis b *** SUMMARY A 64-year-old man presented with sensorimotor symptoms in multiple peripheral *** testing showed that these symptoms were due to hepatitis *** undergoing treatment involving intravenous immunoglobulin and an antiviral agent,there was a notable improvement in his *** Although hepatitis b virus(HbV)infection is known to affect hepatocytes,it is crucial to recognize the range of additional manifestations linked to this *** connection between long-term HbV infection and demyelinating neuropathy has seldom been documented;hence,prompt diagnostic and treatment are *** patient's positive reaction to immunoglobulin seems to be associated with production of the antigen-antibody immune complex.

关键词： hepatitis b virus infection Extrahepatic manifestations Demyelinating neuropathy Intravenous immunoglobulin Electroneuromyography Case report

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C–C motif chemokine ligand 16 inhibits the progression of liver cirrhosis via inactivating hepatic stellate cells

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第5期19卷 440-448页

作者： Jian-Yong Zhuo Di Lu Zu-Yuan Lin bei-Ni Cen Xu-Yong Wei Hai-Yang Xie Shu-Sen Zheng Xiao Xu Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ TransplantationCAMSHangzhou 310003China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Shulan(Hangzhou)HospitalHangzhou 310003China

background:Liver cirrhosis results from many forms of chronic damage,characterized by accumulation of extracellular *** present study aimed to explore a potential non-invasive biomarker and its mechanism in the progression of liver ***:Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)dataset(GSE15654,n=216)was analyzed to screen genes associated with progression of liver cirrhosis.A total of 181 plasma samples,including healthy control(HC,n=20),chronic hepatitis b(CHb,n=77)and HbV-related liver cirrhosis(LC,n=84),were enrolled for *** vitro and in vivo experiments were employed for the mechanistic ***:GEO dataset analysis showed that relatively low mRNA-expression of C–C motif chemokine ligand 16(CCL16)was associated with elevated Child-Pugh score(P=0.034)and worse prognosis(P=0.025).Plasma CCL16 level decreased in a stepwise pattern,with a median concentration of 10.29,6.57 and 4.47 ng/mL in the HC,CHb and LC groups,respectively(Pboth in the CHb and LC groups(Pbination of CCL16 and ALT showed improved distinguishing capability for LC compared to either *** vitro,CCL16 expression was downregulated by lipopolysaccharide and *** of CCL16 from human normal liver cell line(LO2)reduced the extracellular matrix associated proteins(Col1 and Col4)in human hepatic stellate cell line(LX-2).In vivo,the pathological feature of cirrhosis was alleviated by the hepatocytespecific expression of ***:CCL16 could be a feasible plasma marker to predict the occurrence and progression of liver ***16 might impact liver cirrhosis through inactivating hepatic stellate cells.

关键词： C-C motif chemokine ligand 16 Liver cirrhosis hepatitis b virus infection

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Precore/core region mutations of hepatitis b virus related to clinical severity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第17期22卷 4287-4296页

作者： Hong Kim Seoung-Ae Lee Seung Yeon Do bum-Joon Kim Department of biomedical Sciences Microbiology and Immunology Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute College of Medicine Seoul National University

Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, hepatitis b virus (HbV) infection remains a major health problem, with more than 350 million chronically infected people worldwide and over 1 million annual deaths due to cirrhosis and liver cancer. HbV mutations are primarily generated due both to a lack of proofreading capacity by HbV polymerase and to host immune pressure, which is a very important factor for predicting disease progression and therapeutic outcomes. Several types of HbV precore/core (preC/C) mutations have been described to date. The host immune response against T cells drives mutation in the preC/C region. Specifically, preC/C mutations in the MHC class II restricted region are more common than in other regions and are significantly related to hepatocellular carcinoma. Certain mutations, including preC G1896A, are also significantly related to HbeAg-negative chronic infection. This review article mainly focuses on the HbV preC/C mutations that are related to disease severity and on the HbeAg serostatus of chronically infected patients.

关键词： hepatitis b virus infection Precore/core mutations Hepatocellular carcinoma HbeAg serostatus Disease severity

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Healthcare for Patients with hepatitis b virus:Analysis of 367381 Inpatient Cases in China

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Current Medical Science 2022年第3期42卷 658-665页

作者： Da ZHOU Shi-ran SUN Yang SUN Rui MIN Center for Health Information and Statistics of Hubei Wuhan 430079China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China School of Politics and Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Public Health Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Objective hepatitis b virus(HbV)infection,which has been recognized as an international public health challenge,has caused significant morbidity for the entire *** research focused on patients with HbV in China to examine health utilization and *** Patients hospitalized with HbV from 2017 to 2019 in tertiary hospitals in Hubei,a province located in central China,were selected as the study *** information was collected from the provincial inpatient electronic system *** and regression analyses were performed to describe the basic situation of healthcare services and determine the influencing indicators of inpatient service *** A total of 367381 cases of HbV infection were identified in the study *** of these cases were patients who were married(90.2%)and males(63%).With the great efforts by the universal coverage of the basic medical insurance(bMI)in China,the increasing rate of inpatient hospitalization for HbV was 3.5 times higher than that of the total inpatient health service cases in the study *** average age of this group was 52.84±14.10 years and 11.1%of patients paid for their own medical expenditures without *** average length of stay(LOS)was 11.10 days,and the average cost per patient was 15712.05 *** values were higher than the average level in study ***,marital status,career,payment type,and kind of hospitals significantly influenced healthcare *** and the elderly might incur higher healthcare costs than their *** The bMI operated by government has played a role in the utilization release of health services for HbV ***,researchers must pay more attention to the continuing increase in the medical expenses of this group.

关键词： healthcare utilization expenditure hepatitis b virus infection inpatients hospitalization

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