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Interactive effect of thermal aging and proton irradiation on microstructural evolution and hardening ofδ-ferrite in 308L stainless steel weld metal

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 140-155页

作者： Xiaodong Gao Xiaodong Lin Tao Guo Lining Xu Yaolei Han Baolong Jiang Xingyuan Mei Qunjia Peng Lijie Qiao Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute of Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Materials Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute Suzhou 215004China State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

In the harsh service environment of high temperature and intense neutron irradiation in water-cooled nuclear reactors,the austenitic stainless steel weld overlay cladding on the inner surface of the reactor pressure vessel suffers from thermal aging and irradiation damage simultaneously,which can induce microstructural evolution and hardening of the material.Since it is quite difficult to achieve this simul-taneous process out of the pile,two kinds of combined experiments,i.e.,post-irradiation thermal aging and post-aging irradiation were performed on 308 L stainless steel weld metals in this work.The interactive effect of thermal aging and proton irradiation on microstructural evolution and hardening ofδ-ferrite in 308 L weld metal was investigated by combining atom probe tomography,transmission elec-tron microscopy and nanoindentation tests.The results revealed that thermal aging could eliminate the dislocation loops induced by irradiation and affect the phase transition process by accelerating spinodal decomposition and G-phase precipitation,thus enhancing hardening of irradiatedδ-ferrite.For the effect of irradiation on the microstructure and hardening of thermally agedδ-ferrite,however,intensive collision cascades can intensify G-phase precipitation and dislocation loop formation but decrease spinodal decomposition,leading to a limited effect on hardening of thermally agedδ-ferrite.Furthermore,the interaction of thermal aging and irradiation can promote G-phase precipitation.Meanwhile,the interaction can causeδ-ferrite hardening,which is mainly influenced by spinodal decomposition,followed by G-phase and dislocation loops,where spinodal decomposition and G-phase cause hardening by inducing strain fields.

关键词： Austenitic stainless steel weld metals Thermal aging Proton irradiation Interaction Microstructural evolution hardening

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In situ TEM investigation of electron irradiation and aging-induced high-density nanoprecipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.Lv H.L.Ge Q.Q.Jin X.H.Shao Y.T.Zhou B.Zhang X.L.Ma Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and Technology

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce high-density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K, wt.%)alloy to improve the hardness. The results show that the hardness of the Mg alloy after irradiation for 10 h and aging for 9 h at 250 ℃ is 1.64 GPa, which is approximately 64% higher than that of the samples before being treated. It is mainly attributed to γ' precipitates on the basal plane after irradiation and the high-density nanoscale β' precipitates on the prismatic plane after aging, which should be closely related to the irradiation-induced homogenous clusters. The latter plays a key role in precipitation hardening. This result paves a way to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials by tailoring the precipitation through irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg alloy Electron beam irradiation hardening Precipitates In-situ TEM

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In-situ study of the microstructure evolution during tension of a Mg-Y-Zn-Al alloy processed by rapidly solidified ribbon consolidation technique

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 2024-2040页

作者： Jen? Gubicza Kristián Máthis Péter Nagy Péter Jenei Zoltán Heged?s Andrea Farkas Jozef Vesely Shin-ichi Inoue Daria Drozdenko Yoshihito Kawamura Department of Materials Physics Faculty of Science E?tv?s Loránd University Department of Physics of Materials Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Magnesium Research Center Kumamoto University

Mg-Y-Zn-Al alloys processed by rapidly solidified ribbon consolidation（RSRC） technique exhibit an exceptional mechanical performance indicating promising application potential. This material has a bimodal microstructure consisting of fine recrystallized and coarse non-recrystallized grains with solute-rich stacking faults forming cluster arranged layers（CALs） and nanoplates（CANaPs）, or complete long period stacking ordered（LPSO） phase. In order to reveal the deformation mechanisms, in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction line profile analysis was employed for a detailed study of the dislocation arrangement created during tension in Mg-0.9% Zn-2.05% Y-0.15%Al（at%） alloy. For uncovering the effect of the initial microstructure on the mechanical performance, additional samples were obtained by annealing of the as-consolidated specimen at 300 and 400 ℃ for 2 h. The heat treatment at 300 ℃ had no significant effect on the initial microstructure, its evolution during tension and, thus, the overall deformation behavior under tensile loading. On the other hand,annealing at 400 ℃ resulted in a significant increase of the recrystallized grains fraction and a decrease of the dislocation density, leading to only minor degradation of the mechanical strength. The maximum dislocation density at the failure of the samples corresponding to the plastic strain of 10-25% was estimated to be about 16-20 × 1014m-2. The diffraction profile analysis indicated that most dislocations formed during tension were of non-basaland pyramidaltypes, what was also in agreement with the Schmid factor values revealed independently from orientation maps. It was also shown that the dislocation-induced Taylor hardening was much lower below the plastic strain of 3% than above this value, which was explained by a model of the interaction between prismatic dislocations and CANaPs/LPSO plates.

关键词： Mg-Zn-Y-Al alloy Long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase Cluster arranged nanoplates (CANaPs) Annealing Tension Dislocation density hardening

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hardening and toughening effects of intermediate nanosized structures in a confined amorphous alloy film

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第23期118卷 44-53页

作者： Z.Q.Chen M.C.Li X.Tong Y.Zhao J.Y.Xie S.W.Guo P.Huang F.Wang H.B.Ke B.A.Sun W.H.Wang Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices and School of Physical Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityXinjiangUrumqi 830046China Key Laboratory of LCR Materials and Devices of Yunnan Province School of Materials and EnergyYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China State-Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Material Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanics Education Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The plastic deformation of amorphous alloys is well known to be localized into shear bands(SBs),which are believed to stem from the atomic-scale flow defects,i.e.,shear transformation zones(STZs).Yet,the bridge between the mesoscopic SBs and the atomic-scale STZs remains poorly understood.In this work,through thermally activating pronouncedβrelaxations in the well-designed crystalline-layer confined amorphous(CLCA)Ni W alloy films,we experimentally captured and observed an intermediate nanosized structure termed as“nano shear bands”(NSBs)with a typical size of 1–2 nm in thickness and5–10 nm in length.The influences of such NSB structures on the macroscale deformation behavior were systematically investigated.It was found that NSBs lead to both hardening and toughening effects for the CLCA films,as they promote multiple and controlled shear banding deformation,which results in enhanced crystallization.The intermediate NSB structure could connect the microstructural characteristics and macroscopic plasticity in amorphous alloys and may provide new insights for understanding the microscopic deformation mechanism of amorphous alloys as well as tuning/designing their properties.

关键词： Amorphous alloys Nano shear band hardening Toughening Crystallization

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New insights into the hardening and pitting corrosion mechanisms of thermally aged duplex stainless steel at 475℃:A comparative study between 2205 and 2101 steels

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第3期98卷 123-135页

作者： R.Silva G.S.Vacchi C.L.Kugelmeier I.G.R.Santos A.A.Mendes Filho D.C.C.Magalhães C.R.M.Afonso V.L.Sordi C.A.D.Rovere Munir Rachid Corrosion Laboratory Department of Materials EngineeringFederal University of São CarlosRodovia Washington Luis Km 23513565-905 São CarlosSPBrazil Engineering Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center(CECS)Federal University of ABCAvenida dos Estados 500109210580 Santo AndréSPBrazil Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and EngineeringBrazil

In this study,the relationship between spinodal decomposition and the formation of Ni-rich clusters and G-phase in the ferrite on hardening and pitting corrosion of two thermally aged duplex stainless steels(DSSs)at 475℃was investigated.Results indicate that,for 2205 DSS,pitting corrosion behavior is influenced by the presence and size of G-phase precipitates for longer aging times,but this contribution is masked by the advanced stage of spinodal decomposition in the ferritic structure.On the other hand,for 2101 DSS,the formation of Cr-richer nitrides impairs pitting corrosion resistance more than spinodal decomposition.

关键词： Duplex stainless steel Spinodal decomposition G-phase precipitation Pitting corrosion hardening

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Microstructure,hardening and deuterium retention in CVD tungsten irradiated with neutrons at temperatures of defect recovery stagesⅡandⅢ

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Tungsten 2022年第3期4卷 248-260页

作者： Xiao-Ou Yi Tatsuya Kuwabara Vladimir KhAlimov Yu-Feng Du Wen-Tuo Han Ping-Ping Liu Bin-You Yan Jiu-Peng Song Kenta Yoshida Takeshi Toyama Fa-Rong Wan Somei Ohnuki Yuji Hatano Yasuyoshi Nagai School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya464-8063Japan Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow119071Russia Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversityNarita-cho 2145-2OaraiIbaraki311-1313Japan Xiamen Tungsten Co.Ltd. Xiamen361021China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu610039China Hydrogen Isotope Research Center University of ToyamaToyama930-8555Japan

Samples of ultra-high-purity tungsten prepared using chemical vapour deposition(CVD)technique were irradiated with neutrons at temperatures T_(irr)=373-483 K(stage Ⅱ of defect recovery)and T_(irr)=573-673 K(stage Ⅲ)up to 0.15 displacements per atom(dpa)in the Belgian reactor(BR2).The study of the microstructure of neutron-damaged samples using transmission electron microscopy(TEM)revealed visible defects with a predominance of dislocation loops.With an increase in the neutron irradiation temperature,the spatial distribution of the loops acquired pronounced inhomogeneity,and their average size moderately increased.Cavities and voids were not observed.Irradiation-induced hardening was found and a linear correlation was obtained between Vickers microhardness and nanohardness for undamaged and neutron-irradiated CVD-W samples.Irradiation of tungsten with neutrons led to a significant increase in the retention of deuterium,which accumulated mainly in vacancy-type traps.Furthermore,the influence of the columnar grain structure in low-dose neutron-irradiated tungsten seemed to be non-trivial upon deuterium retention.

关键词： CVD-W Neutron irradiation Microstructure hardening Deuterium retention

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hardening BEHAVIOUR OF STAINLESS STEEL 316 DURING FATIGUE WITH THERMAL PULSE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1992年第4期5卷 301-304页

作者： YAN Shichun Institute of Solid State Physics,Academia Sinica,Hefei,ChinaOKUDA Shigeo MIZUBA YASHI Haka Institute of Materials Science,University of Tsukuba,Japan Inst of Solid State Physics Acad Sinica Hefei China

The softening of stainless steel 316 of non-detectable difference in magnitude induced by thermal pulse was found during fatigue with strain amplitude of 1.17×10^(-4) in temperature range of 333—573K.And it occurred if the measurements of fatigue with thermal pulse were performed in range of 333—503K.However,it will become of the hardening in range of 503 —573K.The temperature,at which hardening of the steel induced by thermal pulse emerges in fatigue process,increases with the increasing in strain amplitudes.

关键词： fatigue hardening softening thermal pulse stainless steel

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Age hardening process modeling and optimization of aluminum alloy A356/Cow horn particulate composite for brake drum application using RSM,ANN and simulated annealing

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2018年第4期14卷 336-345页

作者： Chidozie Chukwuemeka Nwobi-Okoye Basil Quent Ochieze Faculty of Engineering Anambra State University (Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University) Department of Mechanical Engineering Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University

Most conventional ceramic based aluminum metal matrix composites(MMCs) are either heavy,costly or combination of both. In order to reduce cost and weight,while at the same time maintaining quality,cow horn particles(CHp) was used with aluminum alloy A356 to produce MMC for brake drum application and other engineering uses. The aim of this research is to model the age hardening process of the produced composite using response surface methodology(RSM) and artificial neural network(ANN),and to use the developed ANN as fitness function for a simulated annealing optimization algorithm(SA-NN system) for optimization of age hardening process parameters. The results show that ANN modeled the age hardening data excellently and better than RSM with a correlation coefficient of experimental response with ANN predictions being 0.9921 as against 0.9583 for the RSM. The SA-NN system optimized process parameters were in very close agreement with the experimental values with the maximum relative error of 1.2%,minimum of 0.35% and average of 0.71%.

关键词： Artificial neural network Response surface methodology Simulated annealing Age hardening Metal matrix composite

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hardening after annealing in nanostructured 316L stainless steel

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Nano Materials Science 2020年第1期2卷 80-82页

作者： Zhongchen Zhou Shuaizhuo Wang Jiansheng Li Yusheng Li Xiaolei Wu Yuntian Zhu Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695USA

In this work,coarse-grained 316 L stainless steels were cold rolled with a thickness reduction of^83%(CR 83%).After annealing,the behaviors of the nanostructured stainless steel samples were systematically investigated in the temperatures range of 200C–650C.It was found that with increasing annealing temperature the volume fraction of theα0-martensite first increased to reach a maximum value at 400C,then the volume fraction decreased with further increases of the annealing temperature.The yield strength was increased from 1400 MPa to 1720 MPa after annealing;this strong hardening effect in cold rolled 316 L stainless steel was mainly attributed to the increase of the volume fraction ofα0-martensite.

关键词： Metals and alloys Nanostructure Heterostructure 316L stainless steel Annealing hardening Martensitic transformation

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Strain hardening of as-extruded Mg-xZn(x=1, 2, 3 and 4 wt%) alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第1期35卷 142-150页

作者： Chaoyue Zhao Xianhua Chen Fusheng Pan Jingfeng Wang Shangyu Gao Teng Tu Chunquan Liu Jiahao Yao Andrej Atrens International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys (Ministry of Education) College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing400045China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072QldAustralia

The influence of Zn on the strain hardening of as-extruded Mg-x Zn(x = 1, 2, 3 and 4 wt%) magnesium alloys was investigated using uniaxial tensile tests at 10^(-3)s^(-1) at room temperature. The strain hardening rate,the strain hardening exponent and the hardening capacity were obtained from true plastic stress-strain curves. There were almost no second phases in the as-extruded Mg-Zn magnesium alloys. Average grain sizes of the four as-extruded alloys were about 17.8 μm. With increasing Zn content from 1 to 4 wt%, the strain hardening rate increased from 2850 MPa to 6810 MPa at(б-б_(0.2)) = 60 MPa, the strain hardening exponent n increased from 0.160 to 0.203, and the hardening capacity, Hc increased from 1.17 to 2.34.The difference in strain hardening response of these Mg-Zn alloys might be mainly caused by weaker basal texture and more solute atoms in the α-Mg matrix with higher Zn content.

关键词： Mg-Zn alloy Strain hardening Dislocation Basal texture

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