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Low temperature-mediated repression and far-red light-mediated induction determine morning FLOWERING LOCUS T expression levels

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 103-120页

作者： Hayeon Kim Hye Won Kang Dae Yeon Hwang Nayoung Lee Akane Kubota Takato Imaizumi Young Hun Song Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Biology Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and TechnologyIkomaNara 630‐0192Japan Department of Biology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Institute of Agricultural Life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

In order to flower in the appropriate season,plants monitor light and temperature changes and alter downstream pathways that regulate florigen genes such as Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT).In Arabidopsis,FT messenger RNA levels peak in the morning and evening under natural long-day conditions(LDs).However,the regulatory mechanisms governing morning FT induction remain poorly understood.The morning FT peak is absent in typical laboratory LDs characterized by high red:far-red light(R:FR)ratios and constant temperatures.Here,we demonstrate that ZEITLUPE(ZTL)interacts with the FT repressors TARGET OF EATs(TOEs),thereby repressing morning FT expression in natural environments.Under LDs with simulated sunlight(R:FR=1.0)and daily temperature cycles,which are natural LD-mimicking environmental conditions,FT transcript levels in the ztl mutant were high specifically in the morning,a pattern that was mirrored in the toe1 toe2 double mutant.Low night-to-morning temperatures increased the inhibitory effect of ZTL on morning FT expression by increasing ZTL protein levels early in the morning.Far-red light counteracted ZTL activity by decreasing its abundance(possibly via phytochrome A(phyA))while increasing gigantea(GI)levels and negatively affecting the formation of the ZTL-GI complex in the morning.Therefore,the phyA-mediated high-irradiance response and GI play pivotal roles in morning FT induction.Our findings suggest that the delicate balance between low temperature-mediated ZTL activity and the far-red light-mediated functions of phyA and GI offers plants flexibility in fine-tuning their flowering time by controlling FT expression in the morning.

关键词： far-red light FLOWERING LOCUS T flowering time gigantea low night-to-morning temperature natural long days phytochrome A red to far-red ratio ZEITLUPE

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gigantea orthologs,E2 members,redundantly determine photoperiodic flowering and yield in soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第1期65卷 188-202页

作者： Lingshuang Wang Haiyang Li Milan He Lidong Dong Zerong Huang Liyu Chen Haiyang Nan Fanjiang Kong Baohui Liu Xiaohui Zhao Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene EditingInnovative Center of Molecular Genetics and EvolutionSchool of Life Sciences Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006 China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement National Center for Soybean ImprovementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095 China

Soybean(Glycine max L.)is a typical photoperiodsensitive crop,such that photoperiod determines its flowering time,maturity,grain yield,and phenological adaptability.During evolution,the soybean genome has undergone two duplication events,resulting in about 75%of all genes being represented by multiple copies,which is associated with rampant gene redundancy.Among duplicated genes,the important soybean maturity gene E2 has two homologs,E2-Like a(E2La)and E2-Like b(E2Lb),which encode orthologs of Arabidopsis gigantea(GI).Although E2 was cloned a decade ago,we still know very little about its contribution to flowering time and even less about the function of its homologs.Here,we generated single and double mutants in E2,E2La,and E2Lb by genome editing and determined that E2 plays major roles in the regulation of flowering time and yield,with the two E2 homologs depending on E2 function.At high latitude regions,e2 single mutants showed earlier flowering and high grain yield.Remarkably,in terms of genetic relationship,genes from the legume-specific transcription factor family E1 were epistatic to E2.We established that E2 and E2-like proteins form homodimers or heterodimers to regulate the transcription of E1 family genes,with the homodimer exerting a greater function than the heterodimers.In addition,we established that the H3 haplotype of E2 is the ancestral allele and is mainly restricted to low latitude regions,from which the loss-of-function alleles of the H1 and H2haplotypes were derived.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the function of the H3 allele is stronger than that of the H1 haplotype in the regulation of flowering time,which has not been shown before.Our findings provide excellent allelic combinations for classical breeding and targeted gene disruption or editing.

关键词： E2 E2-Like flowering time gigantea natural variation redundancy yield

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Agronomical selection on loss-of-function of gigantea simultaneously facilitates soybean salt tolerance and early maturity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第10期64卷 1866-1882页

作者： Lidong Dong Zhihong Hou Haiyang Li Zhaobo Li Chao Fang Lingping Kong Yongli Li Hao Du Tai Li Lingshuang Wang Milan He Xiaohui Zhao Qun Cheng Fanjiang Kong Baohui Liu Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene EditingInnovative Center of Molecular Genetics and EvolutionSchool of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou Higher Education Mega Center230 Waihuanxi RoadGuangzhou 510006China The Innovative Academy of Seed Design Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design BreedingNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 150081China College of Agriculture Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqingChina National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement National Center for Soybean ImprovementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Agriculture Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology UniversityJilin 132101China

Salt stress and flowering time are major factors limiting geographic adaptation and yield productivity in soybean(Glycine max).Although improving crop salt tolerance and latitude adaptation are essential for efficient agricultural production,whether and how these two traits are integrated remains largely unknown.Here,we used a genome-wide association study to identify a major salt-tolerance locus controlled by E2,an ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana gigantea(GI).Loss of E2 function not only shortened flowering time and maturity,but also enhanced salt-tolerance in soybean.E2 delayed soybean flowering by enhancing the transcription of the core flowering suppressor gene E1,thereby repressing Flowering Locus T(FT)expression.An E2 knockout mutant e2^(CR) displayed reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)during the response to salt stress by releasing peroxidase,which functions in ROS scavenging to avoid cytotoxicity.Evolutionary and population genetic analyses also suggested that loss-of-function e2 alleles have been artificially selected during breeding for soybean adaptation to high-latitude regions with greater salt stress.Our findings provide insights into the coupled selection for adaptation to both latitude and salt stress in soybean;and offer an ideal target for molecular breeding of early-maturing and salt-tolerant cultivars.

关键词： floweringtime gigantea ROS saltstress soybean

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HOS15 represses flowering by promoting gigantea degradation in response to low temperature in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2023年第4期4卷 225-239页

作者： Gyeongik Ahn Hee Jin Park Song Yi Jeong Gyeong-Im Shin Myung Geun Ji Joon-Yung Cha Jeongsik Kim Min Gab Kim Dae-Jin Yun Woe-Yeon Kim Research Institute of Life Science Institute of Agricultural and Life ScienceGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 Four) Plant Biological Rhythm Research CenterPlant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGraduate School of Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Department of Biological Sciences College of Natural SciencesChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Faculty of Science Education and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science PMBBRCGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Institute of Glocal Disease Control Konkuk UniversitySeoul 05029Republic of Korea Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education(MOE) Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Flowering is the primary stage of the plant developmental transition and is tightly regulated by environmental factors such as light and temperature.However,the mechanisms by which temperature signals are integrated into the photoperiodic flowering pathway are still poorly understood.Here,we demonstrate that HOS15,which is known as a GI transcriptional repressor in the photoperiodic flowering pathway,controls flowering time in response to low ambient temperature.At 16℃,the hos15 mutant exhibits an early flowering phenotype,and HOS15 acts upstream of photoperiodic flowering genes(GI,CO,and FT).GI protein abundance is increased in the hos15 mutant and is insensitive to the proteasome inhibitor MG132.Furthermore,the hos15 mutant has a defect in low ambient temperature-mediated GI degradation,and HOS15 interacts with COP1,an E3 ubiquitin ligase for GI degradation.Phenotypic analyses of the hos15 cop1 double mutant revealed that repression of flowering by HOS15 is dependent on COP1 at 16℃.However,the HOS15-COP1 interaction was attenuated at 16℃,and GI protein abundance was additively increased in the hos15 cop1 double mutant,indicating that HOS15 acts independently of COP1 in GI turnover at low ambient temperature.This study proposes that HOS15 controls GI abundance through multiple modes as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and transcriptional repressor to coordinate appropriate flowering time in response to ambient environmental conditions such as temperature and day length.

关键词： Arabidopsis flowering response low ambient temperature HOS15 gigantea

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Evaluation of antitumour activity of Calotropis gigantea L.root bark against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第10期4卷 786-790页

作者： M Rowshahul Habib M Rezaul karim Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of ScienceRajshahi UniversityRajshahi-6205Bangladesh

Objective:To investigate experimentally the possible antitumor effect of methanol extract(ME) of Calotropis gigantea L.(C.gigantean) root bark and its petroleum ether(PEF) and chloroform(CF) soluble fractions against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC) in Swiss albino mice.Methods:The effects of ME(10 and 20 mg/kg),PEF(40 and 80 mg/kg) and CF(20 and 40 mg/kg) on the growth of EAC and life span of EAC bearing mice were studied.Hematological profile and biochemical parameters(SAI.P,SGPT and SCOT) were also estimated.Results:Results of in vivo study showed a significant decrease in viable tumor cell count and a significant increase of life span in the ME and CF treated group compared to untreated one.The life span of ME and CF treated animals was significandy(Pgigantea root bark and its chloroform soluble fraction(CF) possesses significant antitumor activity.

关键词： Calotropis gigantea Antitumor Ehrlich ascites carcinoma Root bark

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Investigation of hepatoprotective activity of Cyathea gigantea(Wall.ex.Hook.)leaves against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第5期2卷 352-356页

作者： P Madhu Kiran A Vijaya Raju B Ganga Rao A.U College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Andhra University

Objective:To investigate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic leaf extract of Cyathea gigantea(C.gigantea)against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats.Methods:The hepatoprotective activity for plant extract was investigated for paracetamol induced hepatoxicity in rats.Wislar albino rats of either sex were divided into five groups of 6 animals each and are given orally the following treatment for seven days.The normal control group was given 1%Na.CMC 1mL/kg bw,p.o.Paracetamol at dose of 1g/kg bw,p.***.was given as toxic dose for inducing hepatoloxicity.Silymarin(50mg/kg.p.o.) was given as reference standard.Two doses of C. gigantea extract i.e.,100 mg/kg.***.o.and 200 mg/kg,p.***.were tested for hepatoprotective activity. The treatment was given for seven days and after 24 h of last treatment blood was collected from retro-orbital plexus and analysed for various serum parameters like serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase(SGOT),serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase(SGPT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),total bilirubin(TB)and total protein(TP)in different groups.Results:The paracetamol intoxication lead to histological and biochemical deteriorations.The treatment with methanolic leaf extract of C.gigantea reduced the elevated levels of SCOT,SGPT,ALP,TB and also reversed the hepatic damage towards normal which further supports the hepatoprotective activity of leaf extract of C.gigantea.Conclusions:The methanolic extract of leaves of C.gigantea at doses of 100 mg/kg bw and 200 mg/kg bw have significant effect on liver of paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity model in rats.

关键词： Hepatoprotective Cyathea gigantea Paracetamol Silymarin Hepatotoxicity

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南海软珊瑚Dendronephthya gigantea的化学成分研究

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中国药学杂志 2009年第10期44卷 740-742页

作者：王应莉廖小建徐石海暨南大学化学系广东广州510632

目的研究南海软珊瑚Dendronephthya gigantea的化学成分。方法采用柱层析法、Sephadex LH-20和反相半制备HPLC等方法分离化合物,根据波谱数据和理化常数确定其结构。结果从南海软珊瑚Dendronephthya gigantea分离得到10个化合物,鉴定为:... 详细信息

目的研究南海软珊瑚Dendronephthya gigantea的化学成分。方法采用柱层析法、Sephadex LH-20和反相半制备HPLC等方法分离化合物,根据波谱数据和理化常数确定其结构。结果从南海软珊瑚Dendronephthya gigantea分离得到10个化合物,鉴定为:(4E,8E)-2(hexadecanoylamino)-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol(1),(4E)-2(hexadecanoylamino)-4-octadecane-1, 3-diol(2),乙酰基苯乙胺(3),Cyclo-(Leu-Pro)(4),Cyclo-(Ala-Pro)(5),Cyclo-(Val-Pro)(6),2,4-二氯苯甲酸(7),胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷(8),胞嘧啶脱氧核苷(9),胆甾醇(10)。结论其中化合物1～9为首次从软珊瑚Dendronephthyagigantea中分离得到。

关键词：软珊瑚 Dendronephthya gigantea 化学成分

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光周期途径成花关键基因gigantea和CONSTANS的研究进展

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分子植物育种 2018年第17期16卷 5601-5607页

作者：帅敏敏黄有军浙江农林大学省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室杭州311300 浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院杭州311300

gigantea(GI)和CONSTANS(CO)在植物光周期开花诱导途径中起促进作用。GI和CO基因受生物钟调控,表达量在一天内呈规律性变化。在长日照条件下,GI和CO基因促进拟南芥开花,但在短日照条件下,对拟南芥开花时间的影响不大。GI是影响生物节律... 详细信息

gigantea(GI)和CONSTANS(CO)在植物光周期开花诱导途径中起促进作用。GI和CO基因受生物钟调控,表达量在一天内呈规律性变化。在长日照条件下,GI和CO基因促进拟南芥开花,但在短日照条件下,对拟南芥开花时间的影响不大。GI是影响生物节律钟输出和植物进行正常生命活动的重要基因,编码一个核蛋白,GI正调控CO基因的表达。CO是编码一个B-box锌指蛋白,是监测日照长度的重要元件,并激活FT基因表达,诱导植物开花。本综述概括了近年来GI和CO基因的结构和功能,为GI和CO基因的深入研究提供参考。

关键词： gigantea CONSTANS 光周期昼夜节律

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GC-MS Analysis of Liposoluble Constituents from Calotropis gigantea Roots

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Medicinal Plant 2017年第6期8卷 10-12页

作者： Maoyuan WANG Qing Yang Qinglong Wang Xiaoxia YAN Jianrong WANG Zhunian WANG Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China

[Objectives] To effectively develop Calotropis gigantea resources and find the biological active constituents with medicinal value.[Methods]The liposoluble constituents from C. gigantea roots were studied by GC-MS for the first time. [Results] 62 constituents were separated and identified from C. gigantea roots,amounting to 60. 43% of the total constituents,α-amyrin( 4. 18%),ethyl palmitate( 3. 49%),1,7-dimethyl-naphthalene( 3. 06%) were the main liposoluble constituents. [Conclusions] Cardiac glycoside was mainly found in methanol extracts and not detected in liposoluble constituents by extraction of petroleum ether. However,the present study found another component of low toxicity—naphthalene and its derivatives.

关键词： Calotropis gigantea Liposoluble constituents GC-MS

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Liposoluble Constituents from the Flowers of Calotropis gigantea and Their Antimicrobial Activity

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Medicinal Plant 2017年第5期8卷 1-3页

作者： Maoyuan WANG Jianrong WANG Xinrui ZHANG Xiaoxia YAN Zhunian WANG Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China

[Objectives] To study the liposoluble constituents and their antimicrobial activity from the flowers of Calotropis gigantea.[Methods]The liposoluble constituents from the flowers of Calotropis gigantea were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GCMS) method and their relative content was determined by area normalization method; and their antimicrobial activity against 2 pathogens was tested by agar disc diffusion method. [Results]31 compounds were separated and identified,amounting to 85. 14% of the total constituents,27 compounds were reported for the first time in the study of the liposoluble constituents from Calotropis gigantea. The results indicated that the liposoluble constituents from the flowers of Calotropis gigantea exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Canidia albicans. [Conclusions] The research results provided scientific foundation for exploitation and utilization of Calotropis gigantea.

关键词： Calotropis gigantea Flowers Liposoluble constituents Antimicrobial activity GC-MS

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