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A review of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) technology applied in the characterization of polymer gels for petroleum reservoir conformance control

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Petroleum Science 2021年第6期18卷 1760-1775页

作者： Dao-Yi Zhu Zhi-Hua Deng Si-Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting and Petroleum School China University of Petroleum-Beijing at KaramayKaramay834000XinjiangChina

Polymer gel systems have been widely applied to control excessive water and improve oil recovery(IOR)in petroleum *** are usually divided into two main types,in-situ cross-linked polymer gels,and pre-formed polymer *** recent years,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) technology has been gradually applied to the research of polymer gel systems due to its unique analysis *** paper is intent to review these works *** in-situ cross-linked polymer gel systems,NMR can be used to characterize the chemical structure changes of the polymer,the cross-linker,and the auxiliary agent in the formulation of the polymer gel ***,the gelation time and the gel strength of the in-situ cross-linked polymer gel systems can also be measured by *** pre-formed polymer gels,NMR can be employed to detect the chemical structure of the designed ***,the NMR method can evaluate the plugging,water control,and oil improvement performance of the polymer gels in porous media without using *** review can help readers build a more systematic understanding of the application of NMR technology in polymer gel systems for IOR and help re searchers to more deeply study the performance of polymer gel systems.

关键词： Nuclear magnetic resonance Polymer gels gelation time Gel strength Conformance control

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Effect of Al2O3 on the Process Performance of ZrO2 Microspheres

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2020年第5期35卷 841-846页

作者： GUO Ting WANG Chen DONG Limin LV Jinlong LIANG Tongxiang State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing Institute of Nuclear and New Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics Institute of Nuclear and New Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Al2O3-ZrO2 microspheres were prepared by internal gelation *** effects of Al3+on the stability of solution and performance of gel spheres were ***3+had a great influence on the stability of the solutions,and the more of the amount of Al3+,the shorter of the stabilization *** Al3+did not copolymerize with Zr4+during the sol-gel transformation,the strength of gel sphere added with Al3+was low and deformed easily as it was *** results of our experiments well verify Glasser team’s speculation and *** the same time,based on the experimental results,we prepared Al2O3-ZrO2 composite microspheres with higher content of Al2O3 by controlling the pH of the *** change curve of viscosity with time and the stabilization time of the solution with different Al3+dosage were given,which could provide references for industrial mass *** without hydrothermal treatment cracked severely,while the samples hydrothermally treated kept structural integrity with no cracks after ***2O3-ZrO2 microspheres with no segregation and phase separation were prepared and alumina evenly distributed in the zirconia *** the content of Al2O3 was low,the tetragonal phase was *** the cubic phase was obtained when the content of Al2O3 was more.

关键词： solution stability gelation time Al2O3-ZrO2 microspheres

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Enlisting a Traditional Chinese Medicine to tune the gelation kinetics of a bioactive tissue adhesive for fast hemostasis or minimally invasive therapy

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第3期6卷 905-917页

作者： Haoqi Tan Dawei Jin Junjie Sun Jialin Song Yao Lu Meng Yin Xin Chen Xue Qu Changsheng Liu Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistrySchool of Material Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Shanghai Children’s Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University1678 Dong Fang RoadShanghai200127China

gelation kinetics is important in tailoring chemically crosslinked hydrogel-based injectable adhesives for different ***,the regulation of gelation rate is usually limited to varying the gel precursor and/or crosslinker concentration,which cannot reach a fine level and inevitably alters the physical properties of *** reactions are widely used to synthesize hydrogel *** this work,we propose a traditional Chinese medicine(Borax)-input strategy to tune the gelation rate of amidation reaction triggered *** provides an initial basic buffer environment to promote the deprotonation process of amino groups and accelerate this *** using a tissue adhesive model PEG-lysozyme(PEG-LZM),the gelation time can be modulated from seconds to minutes with varying Borax concentrations,while the physical properties remain ***,the antibacterial ability can be improved due to the bioactivity of *** hydrogel precursors can be regulated to solidify instantly to close the bleeding wound at ***,they can also be customized to match the flowing time in the catheter,thereby facilitating minimally invasive tissue *** this method is easily operated,we envision Borax adjusted amidation-type hydrogel has a promising prospect in clinical application.

关键词： Injectable tissue adhesive gelation time Borax Rapid hemostasis Minimally invasive delivery

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Effects of nanoparticles, polymer and accelerator concentrations, and salinity on gelation behavior of polymer gel systems for water shut-off jobs in oil reservoirs

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Petroleum Research 2023年第2期8卷 234-243页

作者： Shaikh Mohammad Shehbaz Achinta Bera Drilling Cementingand Stimulation Research CenterSchool of Petroleum TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagarGujarat382007India

Excess water production is one of the crucial complications in the oil industry,leading to a rapid decline in oil *** overcome this problem,different polymer gels are used to block the water's path to reduce water *** the present work,polymer gel systems were prepared with polymers namely partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide(PHPA),organic crosslinkers like hexamine,and hydroquinone with the incorporation of silica and alumina *** are used to enhance the stability of the gel framework in high salinity and high temperature reservoir *** designing the polymer gel system,factors such as pH,thermal stability,brine composition,injection rate,and chemical concentration were *** of PHPA and nanoparticles were varied from 1 to 2 wt% and 0.25e1.0 wt% respectively for the preparation of different gel *** concentration of the organic crosslinker was extended from 5000 to 11000 ppm for investigating the effect on gelation *** concentration was chosen from 2 to 8 wt% to find the impact of high *** acid as an accelerator was also used to study the effect on gelation time,and it was found that the gelation time is reduced as the concentration of succinic acid *** prepared polymer solution was taken in a test tube and was kept inside a hot air oven at 95℃ to perceive the gelation time and nature of the produced *** showed that nanoparticles do not influence the gelation time,but they considerably affect gel ***,concentrations of polymer,accelerator,and salt(salinity)have significant effects on the gelation behavior of the gel systems.

关键词： Nanoparticles-stabilized polymer gel Water shut-off gelation time Crosslinkers Accelerator Gel stability

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Gel fire suppressants for controlling underground heating

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Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 2011年第3期17卷 256-264页

作者： HU Sheng-gen XUE Sheng Energy Technology Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Newcastle NSW 2300 Australia Exploration and Mining Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Kenmore QLD 4069 Australia

One of the major safety issues in coal mining is heatings and the resultant spontaneous combustion in underground coal mines. CSIRO researchers have developed a number of polymer gels suitable for controlling beatings in coal mines. These gels were developed to meet strict selection criteria including easy preparation, no or low toxicity, controllable gelation time, adaptable to mine water chemistry, adjustable viscosity, relatively long gel life, thermally and chemically stable and low cost. The HPAM-Aluminum Citrate gel system was identified to be the most favourable gel system for fire suppression in under- ground coal mines. These gels can be applied to the areas undergoing coal heating or gas leakage at a controllable gelation time and impermeable gel barriers can be formed in the areas to block ingress of air.

关键词： underground heating gel barrier gel preparation gelation time

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Researches on the PAM／Cr^3＋ Gel for Deep Profile Control

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Petroleum Science 2004年第1期1卷 65-69页

作者： ChangXuejun LiuXuejun WangQunyi GaoShusheng ChinaUniversityofminingTechnology Beijing100083China InstituteofJidongOilfield TangshanHebei063004China Box44 LangFangHebei065007China

The profile control hard-gel is composed of polyarylamide (5-6g/L), whose molecular weight is 4,000,000 - 7,000,000 and hydrolysis degree is 17.6%, and cross-linking oxidation-reduction agent (Na2Cr2O7 + NH4Cl), with an delayed organic acid crosslinker which contains lactic acid/propionic acid/ethanoic acid and ethylene glycol. After research of the influence factors, such as pH, temperature, salinity and the dosage of delayed crosslinker, the optimum condition(pH 5.2, temperature 55℃, salinity gelation time (12-144h) can be controlled by adjusting the dosage of the delayed crosslinker. Deep profile control experiments are carried out on heterogeneous models, which contains three serial high permeable and low permeable cores arranged in a parallel. After water flooding (total recovery, 24.3%), the first, second and third high-permeable cores each are sealed in turn by the profile control agent, and the total displacement recovery increases to 46.8%, 62.2% and 69.1% respectively. So, the greater the sealed depth, the larger the enhancing recovery will be. Finally, the oil displacement mechanisms of deep profile control are discussed.

关键词： Deep profile control hard-gel delayed cross-linker gelation time heterogeneous model sealed depth

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