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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 155-160页

作者： Shuying Li Weiwei ZhuGe Xuan Sun Chongzhen Sun Zhaojun Liu Chenghe Xiong Min Xiao Guofeng Gu National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-based Medicine Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

The galactomannan from Antrodia cinnamomea(AC)is characterized as one of the important bioactive components that exhibits potential immunostimulatory *** biological function of its corresponding oligosaccharide fragments has not been revealed *** this study,we reported the first chemical synthesis of the series of oligosaccharide fragments related to AC galactomannan via the convergent glycosylation *** preliminary immunological evaluation of these synthesized AC oligosaccharides disclosed that the backbone tetrasaccharide 1d showed the best immunomodulatory ability on enhancing proliferation,phagocytosis and cytokines secretion of Raw264.7 macrophages in vitro,indicating its immense potential as an immunostimulant candidate.

关键词： Antrodia cinnamomea galactomannan Oligosaccharide Immunostimulatory propriety Chemical synthesis

Laccase/caffeic acid-catalyzed crosslinking coupled with galactomannan alters the conformational structure of ovalbumin and alleviates Th2-mediated allergic asthma

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1962-1973页

作者： Ishfaq Ahmed Suidong Ouyang Shengquan Wu Haochang Song Miaoyuan Zhang Renxing Luo Peishan Lu Jiaqi Deng Tingting Zheng Yanyan Wang Xinguang Liu Gonghua Huang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguan 523808China Haide College Ocean University of ChinaLaoshan CampusQingdao 266100China School of Medical Technology Guangdong Medical UniversityDongguan 523808China

Ovalbumin(OVA)is the major allergenic protein that can induce T helper 2(Th2)-allergic reactions,for which current treatment options are *** this study,we developed a polymerized hypoallergenic OVA product via laccase/caffeic acid(Lac/CA)-catalyzed crosslinking in conjunction with galactomannan(Man).The formation of high molecular weight crosslinked polymers and the Ig G-binding were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)and Western *** study indicated that Lac/CA-catalyzed crosslinking plus Man conjugation substantially altered secondary and tertiary structures of OVA along with the variation in surface *** digestion stability assay indicated that crosslinked OVA exhibited less resistance in simulated gastric fluid(SGF)and simulated intestinal fluid(SIF).Mouse model study indicated that Lac-Man/OVA ameliorated eosinophilic airway inflammatory response and efficiently downregulated the expression of Th2-related cytokines(interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5,and IL-13),and upregulated IFN-γand IL-10 *** of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells with Lac-Man/OVA suppressed the expression of phenotypic maturation markers(CD80 and CD86)and MHC class II molecules,and suppressed the expression levels of proinflammatory *** knowledge obtained in the present study offers an effective way to acquire a hypoallergenic OVA product that can have a therapeutic effect in alleviating OVA-induced allergic asthma.

关键词： Ovalbumin Laccase galactomannan Conformational structure Asthma

Prognostic value of serum galactomannan index in critically ill patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at risk of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第1期127卷 23-28页

作者： He Hangyong Li Qian Chang Shuo Ding Lin Sun Bing Li Fang Zhan Qingyuan Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circu'lation I)isorders Beijing Institute of Respirato@Medicine Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020 China Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circu'lation I)isorders Beijing Institute of Respirato@Medicine Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020 China Depariment of Respiratory Medicine Fuxing Hospital CapitalMedical University Beijing 100045 China Cardiac Center Fuwai Hospital National Center for CardiovascularDisease State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease ChineseAcademy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037 China Department of Critical Care Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China

Background Critically ill chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） patients admitted to an intensive care unit （ICU） due to respiratory failure are at particularly high risk of Aspergillus *** serum galactomannan index （GMI） has proven to be one of the prognostic criteria for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis （IPA） in classical immunocompromised ***,the prognostic value of serum GMI in critically ill COPD patients needs *** purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of serum GMI in patients with severe *** In this single-center prospective cohort study,serum samples for GMI assay were collected twice a week from the first day of ICU admission to the day of the patients＇ discharge or *** were divided into two groups according to their clinical outcome on the 28th day of their ICU *** analysis and survival analysis were tested in these two *** One hundred and fifty-three critically ill COPD patients were included and were divided into survival group （106 cases） and non-survival group （47 cases） according to their *** analysis showed that the highest GMI level during the first week after admission （GMI-high 1st week） was statistically different between the two *** prognostic factors for poor outcome in severe COPD patients were：GMI-high 1st week ＞0.5 （RR：4.04,95％ CI：2.17-7.51） combined with accumulative dosage of corticosteroids ＞216 mg before the RICU admission （RR：2.25,95％ CI：1.11-4.56） and clearance of creatinine （Ccr）＜64.31 ml/min （RR：2.48,95％ CI：1.22-5.07）.Conclusions The positive GMI-high 1st week （＞0.5） combined with an accumulative dosage of corticosteroids ＞216 mg before the ICU admission and a low Ccr may predicate a poor outcome of critically ill COPD patients.

关键词： Aspergillus invasive pulmonary aspergillosis galactomannan prognosis pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive

Discovery of Unusual Highly Branched galactomannan from Seeds of <i>Desmanthus illinoensis</i>

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 101-116页

作者： Masakuni Tako Yukihiro Tamaki Takeshi Teruya Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan Health and Longevity Research Laboratory Okinawa Japan Laboratory of Vaccinology and Vaccine Immunology Center of Molecular Bioscience University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan

A galactomannan was isolated from seeds of a leguminous plant, Desmanthus illinoensis, which is grown in Okinawa, Japan. D-Galactose (molar ratio, 1.0) and D-mannose (0.82) were identified via High-performance Anion Exchange Chromatography Coupled with a Pulse Amperometric Detector. The molecular mass and specific rotation were estimated to be 1000 kDa and +53.8°, respectively. The infrared spectrum indicated that the galactomannan was involved in both α- and β-linkages, and two types of α-linkages were detected at 814 and 830 cm-1. The 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra indicated that the majority of the β-D-mannan main chain was substituted with mono α-D-galactose or α-D-galacto-disaccharide-side chains. Methylation analysis was used to identify 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-galactose (molar ratio, 3.3), 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl- D-galactose (1.0) and 2,3-di-O-methyl-D-mannose (3.1). Specifically, unique 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl D-galactose residue was identified from mass spectrum. The results suggested that the galactomannan was 1,4-linked-β-D-mannan substituted with α-D-galactose or 1,6-linked-α-D-galacto-disaccharide side chains at C-6 on the main chain. The galactomannan isolated from D. illinoensis was an unusual highly branched polysaccharide, and its chemical structure was proposed. This work is the first to report on the galactomannan involving 1,6-linked α-D-galacto-disaccharide side chains in addition to α-D-galactose mono side chains.

关键词： Unusual Highly Branched galactomannan Desmanthus illinoensis NMR Analysis Methylation Analysis Chemical Structure

Advancements in non-starch polysaccharides research for frozen foods and microencapsulation of probiotics

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2009年第4期3卷 413-426页

作者： Pavan Kumar SOMA Patrick D.WILLIAMS Y.Martin LO Department of Nutrition and Food Science University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Conventionally used in the food industry as stabilizing,thickening,gelling,and suspending or dispersing agents,non-starch polysaccharides such as xanthan gum are known to improve the texture of certain frozen *** polysaccharide that has received significant attention in recent years is chitosan,a natural biopolymer derived from *** the wake of growing interest in finding ideal encapsulating agents for probiotics,non-starch polysaccharides have been *** research can be found on the effect of each individual polysaccharide,but there remains a void in the literature in terms of closely comparing the characteristics of nonstarch polysaccharides for these applications,especially when more than one biopolymer is employed.A good understanding of the tools capable of elucidating the underlying mechanisms involved is essential in ushering further development of their ***,it is this review’s intention to focus on the selection criteria of non-starch polysaccharides based on their rheological properties,resistance to harsh conditions,and ability to improve sensory quality.A variety of critical tools is also carefully examined with respect to the attainable information crucial to frozen food and microencapsulation applications.

关键词： microencapsulation xanthan galactomannan chitosan curdlan

Existing tests vs. novel non-invasive assays for detection of invasive aspergillosis in patients with respiratory diseases

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第13期135卷 1545-1554页

作者： Wei Xiao Longyi Du Linli Cai Tiwei Miao Bing Mao Fuqiang Wen Peter Gerard Gibso Deying Gong Yan Zeng Mei Kang Xinmiao Du Junyan Qu Yan Wang Xuemei Liu Ruizhi Feng Juanjuan Fu Respiratory Group Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Divison of Pulmonary Diseases State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610093China West China School of Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs The University of NewcastleNewcastleNSW 2305Australia Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases Hunter Medical Research InstituteNewcastleNSW 2305Australia Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNSW 2305Australia Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Translational Neuroscience CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610093China Department of Pneumology Pidu District of Traditional Chinese MedicineThe Third Aflated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan 611730China Department of Laboratory Medicine West China Hospital of Sichuan UniverstyChengduSichuan 610041China Center of Infectious Disease West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Research Core Failty West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversitChengduSichuan 610093China.

Background: Although existing mycological tests (bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL] galactomannan [GM], serum GM, serum (1,3)-β-D-glucan [BDG], and fungal culture) are widely used for diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in non-hematological patients with respiratory diseases, their clinical utility in this large population is actually unclear. We aimed to resolve this clinical uncertainty by evaluating the diagnostic accuracy and utility of existing tests and explore the efficacy of novel sputum-basedAspergillus ***: Existing tests were assessed in a prospective and consecutive cohort of patients with respiratory diseases in West China Hospital between 2016 and 2019 while novel sputum assays (especially sputum GM andAspergillus-specific lateral-flow device [LFD]) in a case-controlled subcohort. IPA was defined according to the modified European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group criteria. Sensitivity and specificity were computed for each test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was ***: The entire cohort included 3530 admissions (proven/probable IPA=66, no IPA=3464) and the subcohort included 127 admissions (proven/probable IPA=38, no IPA=89). Sensitivity of BAL GM (≥1.0 optical density index [ODI]: 86% [24/28]) was substantially higher than that of serum GM (≥0.5 ODI: 38% [39/102]) (χ^(2)=19.83,P<0.001), serum BDG (≥70 pg/mL: 33% [31/95]) (χ^(2)=24.65,P<0.001), and fungal culture (33% [84/253]) (χ^(2)=29.38,P<0.001). Specificity varied between BAL GM (≥1.0 ODI: 94% [377/402]), serum GM (≥0.5 ODI: 95% [2130/2248]), BDG (89% [1878/2106]), and culture (98% [4936/5055]). Sputum GM (≥2.0 ODI) had similar sensitivity (84% [32/38]) (Fisher’s exactP=1.000) to and slightly lower specificity (87% [77/89]) (χ^(2)=5.52,P=0.019) than BAL GM (≥1.0 ODI). Area under the ROC curve values were comparable between sputum GM (0.883 [0.812-0.953]) and BAL GM (0.901 [0.824-0.977]) (P=0.734). Sputu

关键词： Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis Sputum Bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan Lateral-flow device

The Effect Analysis of Different Experimental Methods for the Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in a Rat Model

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第10期4卷 472-478页

作者： Jiancong Lin Wenming Xu Ming Li Yanli Xin Yuanyuan Niu Changran Zhang Zelong Guo Department of Internal Medicine Huang Pu Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Department of Internal Medicine Huang Pu Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China.

Background: Consensus on the most reliable assays to detect invasive aspergillosis from minimally or noninvasive samples has not been reached. In this study, we compared the efficacy of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for galactomannan (GM) detection and quantitative real-time PCR assay (qRT-PCR) for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a rat model. Methods: Neutropenic, male Sprague-Dawley rats (specific pathogen free;8 weeks old;weight, 200 ± 20 g) were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide and infected with Aspergillus fumigatus intratracheally. Tissue and whole blood samples were harvested on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 post-infection and examined with GM ELISA and qRT-PCR. Results: On day 7, A. fumigatus DNA was amplified from 14 of 48 whole blood samples from immunosuppressed infected rats: day 1 (0/12), day 3 (0/12), day 5 (6/12), day 7 (8/12) post infection. The sensitivity and specificity of the qRT-PCR assay were 29.2% and 100%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis indicated a Ct cut-off value of 15.35, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.627. The GM assay detected antigen in sera obtained on day 1 (5/12), day 3 (9/12), day 5 (12/12), and day 7 (12/12) post-infection, and thus had a sensitivity of 79.2% and a specificity of 100%. The ROC of the GM assay indicated that the optimal cut-off value was 1.40 (specificity, 100%;AUC, 0.919). Conclusions: The GM assay was more sensitive than qRT-PCR assay in diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in rats.

关键词： Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis Aspergillus galactomannan Antigen Quantitative Real-Time PCR Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Rat Model