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Chemical components in cultivated Cordyceps sinensis and their effects on fibrosis

Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 162-167页

作者： Zhonghua Dong Xiao Sun Department of Clinical Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalShandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug DevelopmentShandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical PharmacyJinan 250014China Department of Emergency Medicine Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong UniversityChest Pain CenterQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong ProvinceShandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care MedicineShandong Key Laboratory:Magnetic Field-free Medicine&Functional ImagingQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China

Objective:Cultivated Cordyceps sinensis powder has been used as clinical drug and healthy food to nourish the lung and kidney,which solves the problem of serious shortage of wild C.sinensis.This study aims to explore the chemical components and compared their anti-fibrotic effects in cultivated C.sinensis.Methods:Nucleosides,sterols and polysaccharides were separated and purified from cultivated C.sinensis,and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and chemical chromogenic methods,respectively.In high glucose-induced rat mesangial cell models,fibronectin and type 1 collagen were used as evaluation indicators.Results:There were 10 kinds of nucleosides and one sterol in cultivated C.sinensis.The contents of nucleosides,sterols and polysaccharides in the cultivated C.sinensis were close to 2%,0.55%and 4.4%,respectively.Furthermore,nucleoside,sterol and polysaccharide components exhibited varying degrees of antifibrotic activity.The nucleoside components and sterol components inhibited the expression of extracellular matrix more effectively in the three main components.Conclusion:Cultivated C.sinensis remains the similar compounds with the wild C.sinensis,and nucleosides and sterols may be the main active substances that contribute to its anti-fibrotic effects.The project of this study may provide valuable information on further optimization of more effective remedies with few side effects based on cultivated C.sinensis.

关键词： anti-fibrotic effects cultivated Cordyceps sinensis ergosterol nucleosides polysaccharides

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The effect of ergosterol on the allogrooming behavior of termites in response to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhiziumanisopliae

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 185-196页

作者： Yong Chen Chongwen Zhao Wenhui Zeng Wenjing Wu Shijun Zhang Dandan Zhang Zhiqiang Li Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of ZoologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina School of Ecology Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

Termites have physiological and behavioral immunities that make them highly resistant to pathogen infections,which complicates biocontrol efforts.However,the stimuli that trigger the pathogen-avoidance behaviors of termites are still unclear.Our study shows that workers of Coptotermes formosanus exposed to the conidia of Metarhizium anisopliae exhibited a significantly higher frequency and longer duration of allogrooming behaviors compared with untreated termites.Volatile compounds in the cuticle of control termites and termites previously exposed to a suspension of M.anisopliae conidia were analyzed and compared using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS).Our results showed that the amount of ergosterol differed between the fungus-exposed and control termites.Choice tests showed that termites significantly preferred to stay on filter paper treated with ergosterol(0.05,0.1,or 1.0 mg/mL)compared with control filter paper.In addition,termites exposed to ergosterol followed by M.anisopliae conidia were allogroomed at a significantly higher frequency and for a longer duration than termites exposed to alcohol(the solvent used with the ergosterol in the ergosterol trials)alone followed by M.anisopliae conidia.These results showed that ergosterol may enhance the allogrooming behavior of termites in the presence of entomopathogenic fungi.

关键词： allogrooming behavior entomopathogenic fungus ergosterol recognition social immunity termite

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Isolation, characterization and modulatory potentials of β-stigmasterol, ergosterol and xylopic acid from Anchomanes difformis on mitochondrial permeability transition pore in vitro

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2023年第4期15卷 533-541页

作者： Kehinde Oluseun Sodeinde Akinwunmi Oluwaseun Adeoye Adedeji Adesipo Adebayo AAdeniyi John Adeolu Falode Tajudeen Olabisi Obafemi Samuel Olalekan Olusanya Linette Twigge Jeanet Conradie Timothy O.Mosaku Department of Chemistry Federal University Oye-EkitiEkiti State 371104Nigeria Biomembrane Toxicology and Drug Discovery UnitDepartment of BiochemistryFederal University Oye-EkitiEkiti State 371104Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti State 360001Nigeria Department of Chemistry University of Free StateBloemfontein 9301South Africa Department of Civil Engineering Covenant UniversityOgun State 112104Nigeria

Objective: Secondary metabolites and polyphenolic compounds from medicinal plants have been demonstrated to have multiple biological functions with promising research and development prospects. This study examined the effect of β-stigmasterol(with ergosterol) and xylopic acid isolated from Anchomanes difformis on liver mitochondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP).Methods: The compounds were isolated by vacuum liquid chromatography. Mitochondrial swelling was assessed as changes in absorbance under succinate-energized conditions.Results:1H and13C NMR spectroscopic elucidation of the isolates affirmed the presence of β-stigmasterol with ergosterol(1:0.3) and xylopic acid. The isolates reversed the increase in lipid peroxidation and inhibited the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores caused by calcium and glucose.Pharmacological inhibition of m PTP offers a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of mitochondrial-associated disorders.Conclusion: Reduction in the activity of calcium ATPase and the expression of Caspase-3 and-9 were observed, suggesting that they could play a role in protecting physicochemical properties of membrane bilayers from free radical-induced severe cellular damage and be useful in the management of diseases where much apoptosis occurs.

关键词： Anchomanes difformis(Blume)Engl ergosterol mitochondrial membrane modulation β-stigmasterol transition pore xylopic acid

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Two novel compounds, ergosterol and ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol, from Termitomyces heimii Natarajan demonstrate promising antihepatocarcinoma activity

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2022年第4期9卷 443-453页

作者： Ribhu Ray Saparja Saha Santanu Paul Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology Department of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkata700019West BengalIndia

Background:Mushroom-derived components have immense potential to become a safe alternative in identifying lead anti-cancer molecules.Termitomyces heimii Natarajan(T.heimii)is a traditionally used edible mushroom with no previous record of anti-hepatocarcinoma activity.Methods:The anti-proliferative efficacy of the mushroom ethyl acetate extract was screened against a panel of seven cancer cell lines,namely Hep G2,MCF-7,MDA-MB-231,MAD-MB-436,MOLT-4,Reh,and K-562,and against peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from normal healthy donors by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assay.The impact of the extract on nuclear morphology was examined by 40,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and the apoptotic potential of the extract was evaluated through flow cytometry and Annexin V-PI dual staining,followed by an in vitro scratch assay to elucidate the anti-migratory potential of the extract.The apoptotic and antimigratory effects were further validated using in silico molecular docking with four compounds,ergosterol,ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol,lanosterol,and eburicol,against two anti-apoptotic proteins,Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL,and two angiogenic receptors,VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2.Results:The screening data revealed that ethyl acetate extract exhibited remarkable anti-proliferative efficacy against Hep G2 cells,with a half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)value of 263.53(8.09)mg/mL,followed by MCF-7 cell lines and showed a negligible effect on peripheral blood mononuclear cells.A clear alteration of the cellular and nuclear morphology was concentration-dependently observed in Hep G2 cells.The extract induced robust apoptosis and a significant concentrationdependent increase in the scratch area.The results of in silico docking revealed that compared to standard drug sunitinib,both ergosterol and ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol displayed lower binding energy,and satisfactory drugability and absorption,distribution,metabolism,excretion,and toxicity properties.Conclusions:T.heimii is a potential source for i

关键词： Termitomyces heimii Natarajan ergosterol In silico docking Hepatocarcinoma

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Investigation of ergosterol in situ Circular Dichroic Spectroelectrochemistry

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1998年第1期9卷 103-106页

作者： Lu, YJ Zhu, YC Cheng, GJ Dong, SJ Chinese Acad Sci Changchun Inst Appl Chem Electroanalyt Chem Lab Changchun 130022 Peoples R China

In the present paper, the electrochemical behavior of ergosterol has been investigated by in situ circular dichroism (CD) spectroelectrochemistry with long path-length thin layer cell. E-0 (1.02V), alpha n(alpha) (0.302) of the electroxidation process of ergosterol were obtained from the CD spectroelectrochemical data. The mechanism of the electroxidation process of ergosterol is suggested.

关键词： ergosterol circular dichroism spectroelectrochemistry electroxidation

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Antifungal Activity of Aspidin BB from Dryopteris fragrans against Trichophyton rubrum Involved Inhibition of ergosterol Biosynthesis

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2017年第1期9卷 63-68页

作者： Shi-hao Yang Wen-hao Chen Feng Shan Xiao-zhou Jia Rong-rong Deng Chu-ping Tang Zhi-bin Shen Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Department of Pharmaceutical Science School of Pharmacy University of Pittsburgh

Objectives Aspidin BB, a typical phloroglucinol derivative from Dryopteris fragrans, possesses significant antifungal property. This study aimed to investigate potential mechanism of antifungal activity of Aspidin BB against Trichophyton rubrum which is the most common pathogens responsible for chronic dermatophytosis. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） ofAspidin BB against strains was determined by broth microdilution. The effects of Aspidin BB on ergosterol biosynthesis were investigated by content determination based on UPLC method. Besides, the effects of drugs on squalene epoxidase （SE） in T. rubrum cell membrane were analyzed. Results MIC value of Aspidin BB against T. rubrum was 25.0 IJg/mL. Aspidin BB reduced ergosterol content significantly, but no notable effect on squalene epoxidase activity. Conclusion The results suggested that Aspidin BB inhibited ergosterol biosynthesis. However, it was not squalene epoxidase but other components may sever as possible targets in ergosterol biosynthesis pathway.

关键词： Aspidin BB Dryopteris fragrans ergosterol squalene epoxidase Trichophyton rubrum

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Short-Term Response of Soil Microbial Biomass to Different Chabazite Zeolite Amendments

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Pedosphere 2018年第2期28卷 277-287页

作者： Giacomo FERRETTI Katharina Maria KEIBLINGER Dario DI GIUSEPPE Barbara FACCINI Nicolò COLOMBANI Sophie ZECHMEISTER-BOLTENSTERN Massimo COLTORTI Micòl MASTROCICCO Deptartment of Physics and Earth Sciences University of Ferrara Via Saragat 1 Ferrara 44122 (Italy) Institute of Soil Research Department of Forest and Soil Sciences University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU) Peter Jordan Strasse 82 Vienna 1190 (Austria) Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Piazzale Flaminio Roma 900196 (Italy) Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies Second University of Naples Caserta 81100(Italy)

Zeolitites (ZTs) are rocks containing more than 50% of zeolite minerals and are known to be a suitable material for agricultural purposes by improving soil physicochemical properties and nitrogen (N) use efficiency. However, little is known about their effects on soil microbial biomass. This study aimed to evaluate short-term effects of different chabazite-rich ZT (CHAZT) amendments on soil microbial biomass and activity. A silty-clay agricultural soil was amended in three different ways, including the addition of natural (5% and 15%) and NH_4^+-enriched (10%) CHAZT. Soil dissolved organic carbon (C), total dissolved N, NH_4^+, NO_3^-, NO_2^-, microbial biomass C and N, and ergosterol were measured periodically over 16 d in a laboratory incubation. To verify the microbial immobilization of the N derived from NH_4^+-enriched CHAZT, a high15N source was used for enriching the mineral to measure the microbial biomass δ15N signature. An increase in the ergosterol content was observed in the soil amended with 5% natural CHAZT. However, no similar result was observed in the soil amended with 15% natural CHAZT, suggesting that the fungal biomass was favored at a lower CHAZT application rate. In the soil amended with NH+ 4-enriched CHAZT, microbial biomass N was related to NO_3^-production over time and inversely related to NH_4^+, suggesting high nitrification process. Isotopic measurements on microbial biomass confirmed immediate assimilation of N derived from NH_4^+-enriched CHAZT. These results suggested that the NH_4^+-enriched CHAZT used in this study supplied an immediately available N pool to the microbial biomass.

关键词： ergosterol microbial biomass δ15N natural zeolite NH4+-enriched zeolite nitrification slow-release fertilizer

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Carbon and Nitrogen Amendments Lead to Differential Growth of Bacterial and Fungal Communities in a High-pH Soil

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Pedosphere 2018年第2期28卷 255-260页

作者： Pramod N. KAMBLE Erland BAATH Microbial Ecology Department of Biology Ecology Building Lund University Lund SE-223 62 (Sweden) Department of Environmental Sciences Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune 411007 (India)

Microbial growth in soil is mostly limited by lack of carbon (C). However, adding fresh, C-rich litter can induce nitrogen (N) limitation. We studied the effect of alleviating C and N limitation in high-pH (> 8) soils, soils expected to favor bacterial over fungal growth. Nitrogen limitation was induced by incubating soils amended with C-rich substrate (starch or straw) for 4 weeks. Limiting nutrients and the effects of alleviating limitation were then studied by adding C (as glucose) or N (as NH_4NO_3) and measuring microbial growth and respiration after 4 d. In non-amended, C-limited soils, adding C but not N increased both microbial respiration and bacterial growth. In N-limited, substrate-amended soils, adding C increased respiration, whereas adding N increased both microbial respiration and growth. Inducing N limitation by amending with straw was most easily detected in increased fungal growth after the addition of N, whereas with starch, only bacterial growth responded to alleviating N limitation. Compared to earlier results using a low-pH soil, the effect of substrate used to induce N limitation was more important than pH for inducing bacterial or fungal growth after alleviating N limitation. Furthermore, we found no evidence that alleviating N limitation resulted in decreased respiration concomitant with increased microbial growth in soil, suggesting no drastic changes in C use efficiency.

关键词： acetate incorporation into ergosterol carbon use efficiency leucine incorporation limiting nutrient microbial growth microbial respiration N limitation

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Procoagulant constituents from Cordyceps militaris

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2018年第4期7卷 282-286页

作者： Juanjuan Zhang Wei Zhang Zhenhua Yin Changqin Li Wenyi Kang Huanghe Science and Technology College Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal ResearchZhengzhou450063China Institute of Chinese Materia Medica Henan UniversityKaifeng475004China

Cordyceps militaris,belongs to Clavicipitaceae family,was investigated for its chemical compounds,and six compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 and recrystallization,and their structures were elucidated by spectral techniques and physicochemical properties as ergosterol(1),adenosine(2),cordycepin(3),ergosterol peroxide(4),tetracosanoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropylester(5),mannitol(6).Procoagulant activity was screened by assaying the activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT)and fibrinogen(FIB)in vitro.The results indicated that ergosterol,adenosine,cordycepin,ergosterol peroxide and mannitol showed strong procoagulant activity.

关键词： Cordyceps militaris Chemical component Procoagulant activity ergosterol

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Determination of ergosterol in House Dust by HPLC

Determination of Ergosterol in House Dust by HPLC

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第四届全国环境与职业医学研究生学术研讨会

作者： Zhou Xiao-yu, Zheng Li-xing, Shi Wei Department of Occupational and Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Fudan University

[Objective] A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of ergosterol in house dust. [Methods] The house dust was filtrated with a 200-mesh-filter. Samples were extracted by ultrasonic blending, filtration, refluxing, saponification and evaporation. Chromatography was carried out on Inertsil ODS column with acetonitrile as mobile phase pumped at flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. [Results] The limit of detection was 1.26 ×10-6mol/L. A linearity was observed in the range of 5.04 ×10-5 to 2.02 ×10-3 mol/L, with correlation coefficient as 0.9992. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviation (RSD) were in the range of 10.2-11.7% and 4.54-7.34%, respectively. The absolute recoveries ranged between 77.1 and 80.1%. [Conclusion] The method was simple, sensitive, accurate and feasible. It can be used to quantify environmental ergosterol. Followed by gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS), the results were double- checked.

关键词： house dust ergosterol HPLC GC-MS

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