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neurogenesis in primates versus rodents and the value of non-human primate models

National Science Review 2023年第11期10卷 61-83页

作者： Runrui Zhang Hongxin Quan Yinfeng Wang Fucheng Luo State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research Institute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and Technology Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research

neurogenesis, the process of generating neurons from neural stem cells, occurs during both embryonic and adult stages, with each stage possessing distinct characteristics. Dysfunction in either stage can disrupt normal neural development, impair cognitive functions, and lead to various neurological disorders. Recent technological advancements in single-cell multiomics and gene-editing have facilitated investigations into primate neurogenesis. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of neurogenesis across rodents,non-human primates, and humans, covering embryonic development to adulthood and focusing on the conservation and diversity among species. While non-human primates, especially monkeys, serve as valuable models with closer neural resemblance to humans, we highlight the potential impacts and limitations of non-human primate models on both physiological and pathological neurogenesis research.

关键词： rodent primate embryonic neurogenesis adult neurogenesis

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The Role of MicroRNAs in Neural Stem Cells and neurogenesis

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第2期40卷 61-66页

作者： Fen Ji Xiaohui Lv Jianwei Jiao Institute of Zoology State Key Laboratory of Reproductive BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesI Beichen West Road.Chaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101China

Neural stem cells give rise to neurons through the process of neurogenesis, which includes neural stem cell proliferation, fate deter- mination of new neurons, as well as the new neuron＇s migration, maturation and integration. Currently, neurogenesis is divided into two phases： embryonic and adult phases. embryonic neurogenesis occurs at high levels to form the central nervous system. Adult neurogenesis has been consistently identified only in restricted regions and occurs at low levels. As the basic process for embryonic neurodevelopment and adult brain maintenance, neurogenesis is tightly regulated by many factors and pathways. MicroRNA, short non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, appears to be involved in multiple steps of neurogenesis. This review summarizes the emerging role of microRNAs in regulating embryonic and adult neurogenesis, with a particular emphasis on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells.

关键词： MicroRNA Neural stem cell embryonic neurogenesis Adult neurogenesis

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Dysregulation of neurogenesis by neuroinflammation:key differences in neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 366-371页

作者： Lir-Wan Fan Yi Pang ackson MSUSA

embryonic neurogenesis is the process of generating neurons,the functional units of the *** of its sensitivity to adverse intrauterine environment such as infection,dysregulation of this process has emerged as a key mechanism underlying many neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders（ASD）.Adult neurogenesis,although is restricted to a few neurogenic niches,plays pivotal roles in brain plasticity and *** evidence suggests that impairments in adult neurogenesis are involved in major neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer＇s disease.A hallmark feature of these brain disorders is neuroinflammation,which can either promote or inhibit neurogenesis depending upon the context of brain *** this review paper,we present evidence from both experimental and human studies to show a complex picture of relationship between these two events,and discussed potential factors contributing to different or even opposing actions of neuroinflammation on neurogenesis in neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders.

关键词： microglia neurodegeneration autism embryonic neurogenesis adult neurogenesis cytokine aging

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CXCR5 Regulates Neuronal Polarity Development and Migration in the embryonic Stage via F‑Actin Homeostasis and Results in Epilepsy‑Related Behavior

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第11期39卷 1605-1622页

作者： Zhijuan Zhang Hui Zhang Ana Antonic‑Baker Patrick Kwan Yin Yan Yuanlin Ma Department of Neurology Chongqing Key Laboratory of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Chongqing Emergency Medical Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Neuroscience Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia

Epilepsy is a common,chronic neurological disorder that has been associated with impaired neurodevelopment and *** chemokine receptor CXCR5 is involved in seizures via an unknown ***,we first determined the expression pattern and distribution of the CXCR5 gene in the mouse brain during different stages of development and the brain tissue of patients with ***,we found that the knockdown of CXCR5 increased the susceptibility of mice to pentylenetetrazol-and kainic acid-induced seizures,whereas CXCR5 overexpression had the opposite ***5 knockdown in mouse embryos via viral vector electrotransfer negatively influenced the motility and multipolar-to-bipolar transition of migratory *** a human-derived induced an in vitro multipotential stem cell neurodevelopmental model,we determined that CXCR5 regulates neuronal migration and polarization by stabilizing the actin cytoskeleton during various stages of *** experiments demonstrated that the knockdown of CXCR5 induced neuronal hyperexcitability,resulting in an increased number of ***,our results suggested that CXCR5 deficiency triggers seizure-related electrical activity through a previously unknown mechanism,namely,the disruption of neuronal polarity.

关键词： Epilepsy CXCR5 embryonic neurogenesis Pluripotent stem cells Intrauterine electroporation F-actin Neuronal polarity Neuronal migration

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