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dose-response relationship between risk factors and incidence of COVID-19 in 325 hospitalized patients:A multicenter retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第10期10卷 3047-3059页

作者： Sheng-Chao Zhao Xian-Qiang Yu Xue-Feng Lai Rui Duan De-Liang Guo Qian Zhu Department of Radiology The Central Hospital of WuhanTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430014Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Surgery Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital affiliated to Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Key Laboratory of Environment and HealthMinistry of Education&Ministry of Environmental ProtectionState Key Laboratory of Environmental Health(Incubating)School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery Jingmen First People’HospitalJingmen 448000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Ancreatic Surgery CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Pancreatic Surgery CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients have been widely reported,but the assessment of doseresponse relationships and risk factors for mortality and severe cases and clinical outcomes remain *** To determine the dose-response relationship between risk factors and incidence of *** In this retrospective,multicenter cohort study,we included patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection who had been discharged or had died by February 6,*** used multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models to determine the dose-response relationship between risk factors and incidence of *** It clarified that increasing risk of in-hospital death were associated with older age(HR:1.04,95%CI:1.01-1.09),higher lactate dehydrogenase[HR:1.04,95%confidence interval(CI):1.01-1.10],C-reactive protein(HR:1.10,95%CI:1.01-1.23),and procalcitonin(natural log-transformed HR:1.88,95%CI:1.22-2.88),and D-dimer greater than 1μg/m L at admission(natural log transformed HR:1.63,95%CI:1.03-2.58)by multivariable regression.D-dimer and procalcitonin were logarithmically correlated with COVID-19 mortality risk,while there was a linear dose-response correlation between age,lactate dehydrogenase,D-dimer and procalcitonin,independent of established risk *** Higher lactate dehydrogenase,D-dimer,and procalcitonin levels were independently associated with a dose-response increased risk of COVID-19 mortality.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 dose-response relationship Risk factor Prognosis Incidence

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An Analysis of Specific Categories of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities for Children of Participants of the Air Force Health Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 312-330页

作者： George J. Knafl School of Nursing University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA

Background: The Air Force Health Study collected reproductive outcomes for live-born children of male Air Force veterans of the Vietnam War. Methods: Dioxin values for participants were obtained from blood samples. Analyses were conducted of occurrence of 16 specific categories of birth defects and developmental disabilities. Children were categorized as conceived before and after the start of participants’ Vietnam War service. Children conceived before the start of Vietnam War service were treated as being conceived when their fathers had unquantifiable dioxin values. Children conceived after the start of Vietnam War service for participants with missing dioxin values were excluded from primary analyses, but were used to assess the impact of their exclusion on conclusions. Correlation between values for specific categories for multiple children fathered by the same participant was accounted for. The dose-response relationship was treated as a step function increasing for dioxin values larger than adaptively identified individual thresholds changing with the specific category. Results: For 15 of 16 specific categories, the probability of occurrence increased substantially for a sufficiently high dioxin level above identified thresholds. Exclusion of children due to missing dioxin likely did not affect these results. Conclusions: Results supported the conclusion of substantial adverse effects on a wide variety of specific categories of birth defects and developmental disabilities due to sufficiently high exposures to dioxin, a toxic contaminant of Agent Orange used for herbicide spraying in the Vietnam War. Results may hold more generally, but might also have been affected by a variety of limitations.

关键词： Agent Orange Air Force Health Study Birth Defects Developmental Disabilities Dioxin dose-response relationship Vietnam War

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The rise and fall of photosynthesis:hormetic dose response in plants

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 889-898页

作者： Evgenios Agathokleous Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province Institute of Applied EcologyNanjing University of Information Science and Technology(NUIST)NanjingChina

The recent recognition that low doses of herbicides,human and veterinary antibiotics,metallic elements,micro/nano-plastics,and various other types of environmental pollutants widely enhance chlorophylls in the framework of hormesis created the need to further evaluate the response of photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange to low doses of *** analysis of about 370 values of maximum stimulatory response(MAX;percentage of control response,%)of chlorophylls in higher plants,algae and duckweeds,and other photosynthesizing organisms,mined from published literatures,revealed a greater MAX for higher plants(median=139.2%)compared to algae and duckweeds(median=119.6%).However,an analysis of about 50 mined values of MAX of carotenoids revealed no signifi-cant difference in the median MAX between higher plants(median=133.0%)and algae-duckweeds(median=138.1%).About 70 mined values of MAX were also concentrated for photosynthetic rate(median MAX=129.2%)and stomatal conductance(median MAX=124.7%)in higher *** higher plants,there was no significant difference in the median MAX among chlorophylls,carotenoids,photosynthetic rate,and stomatal ***,there was no significant difference in the median MAX between chlorophylls and carotenoids of pooled algae and *** results suggest that the MAX is typically below 160%and as a rule below 200%of control response,and does not differ among chlorophylls,carotenoids,photosynthetic rate,and stomatal *** research programs with improved experimental designs,in terms of number and spacing of doses within the“low-dose zone”of the hormetic dose–response relationship,are needed to study the molecular/genetic mechanisms underpinning the low-dose stimulation of photosynthesis and its ecological implications.

关键词： dose-response relationship Environmental stresses Hormesis Photosynthesis Low-dose stimulation

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Hydroxyl radicals induced by quartz particles in lung alveolar macrophages: the role of surface iron

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第10期16卷 1038-1044页

作者： LI Yi, ZHU Tong, GUO Xinbiao and SHANG Yu ( State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China) State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Peking University Beijing 100871 China Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100083 China

Previous studies have shown that hydroxyl radical generation is a key step in the mechanism of pathogenic process caused by airborne particles to the lung. However, there is no direct evidence for dose-response relationship between airborne particles and hydroxyl radical generation. In this study, hydroxyl radicals generated in lung alveolar macrophages exposed to quartz particles were measured using a highly sensitive capillary electrophoresis-fluorescence detection method. The results demonstrated that quartz particles induced the generation of hydroxyl radical in a dose-dependent manner, and the amount of the hydroxyl radicals was 10-10 mol/10 cells. The viability of alveolar macrophages exposed to quartz particles decreased with the increase of quartz concentration, showing a clear dose-response relationship. Hydroxyl radical scavenger mannitol could increase the viability of quartz-treated cells, suggesting that hydroxyl radical contributed directly to cell death. In this study this contribution accounted for about 5%-20% of cell death. The hydroxyl radical generating potential was found to be related to surface iron content of the quartz particles.

关键词： inhalable quartz hydroxyl radical capillary electrophoresis dose-response relationship iron.

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Initial Approach to the Cellular Irradiation Injury of Human Pancreatic Carcinoma Cell Line MIA PaCa-2 by High dose per Fraction

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Clinical oncology and cancer researeh 2010年第6期7卷 352-358页

作者： Zhi-zhen WANG Hai-li YU Zhi-yong YUAN Ping WANG Department of Radiation Therapy Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Tianjin 300060 China.

OBJECTIVE To investigate an initial approach of radiotherapy, which produces cellular radiation injury by high dose in one fraction. METHODS Human pancreatic carcinoma cell line MIA PaCa-2, was cultivated and divided into 5 groups： 0, 2, 5, 10, 17 Gy. Cultivated cells were irradiated by 6MV-X ray in one fraction. Analysis were done as follows： comet assay, which assessed the level of DNA damage in the treated cells right after the cell was irradiated, flow cytometry, which was performed at 0, 6, 12, 24, 36 h after the cell line treated to ladder, which quantitatively asses changes of its cell cycle, DNA assessed the degree of DNA injury after 6 and 12 h, and histological examination, which analyzed cellular morphology after 24 h. RESULTS （1） After X-ray irradiated, the morphological change of human pancreatic carcinoma cell line （MIA PaCa-2） was mainly swelling. （2） When the dose of radiation was lower than 10 Gy, increasing the dose could greatly improve cell necrosis, apoptosis and blockage of cell cycle in GJM phase, which was consistent with the theory of radiation biology. （3） When radiation dose was more than the 10 Gy, the peak of apoptotic necrosis appeared strong and early. （4） The degree of DNA injury was also related to the dose of radiation therapy and most obvious in the 10 Gy group and not so obvious in the 17 Gy group. （5） When dose was less than 10 Gy, DNA ladder was a single electrophoretic band; in the 10 Gy group, the electrophoresis showed a multiple ladder band; when dose was more than 10 Gy, a vague and irregular band appeared on the electrophoresis. CONCLUSION Oncotic necrosis may be the main cell death style when dose per fraction is high, which differs from conventional dose fraction radiation therapy.

关键词： dose-response relationship drug necrosis irradiation injury.

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Evaluation of entropy for monitoring the depth of anesthesia ：ompared with bispectral index： a multicenter clinical trial

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第8期125卷 1389-1392页

作者： GAO Jian-dong ZHAO Yu-jie XU Chen-shi ZHAO Jing HUANG Yu-guang WANG Tian-long PEI Ling WANG Jian YAO Li-nong DING Qian TAN Zhi-ming ZHU Zhi-rong YUE Yun Department of Anesthesiology Beijing Chaoyang Hospital CapitalMedical University Beijing 100020 China Department of Anesthesiology Chinese Academy of MedicalSciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730 China Department of Anesthesiology Xuanwu Hospital Capital MedicalUniversity Beijing 100053 China Department of Anesthesiology First Affiliated Hospital of ChinaMedical University Shenyang Liaoning 110001 China Department of Anesthesiology Tangdu Hospital Fourth MilitaryMedical University Xi＇an Shaanxi 710038 China Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Cancer Hospital FudanUniversity Shanghai 200032 China Department of Anesthesiology Guangzhou Cancer Institute andHospital Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong510080 China

Background As a new electroencephalogram （EEG） signal processing technique for monitoring the depth of anesthesia, entropy consists of two indices： reaction entropy （RE） and state entropy （SE）. Our study compared entropy with classical bispectral index （BIS） in reduction of myoelectrical interference and noxious stimuli with EEG signals. Methods Two hundred and eighty patients （ASA I-II, 18-60 years old） undergoing scheduled surgeries from seven medical centers were enrolled. Anesthesia induction was managed with propofol via the target-controlled infusion （TCI） system. The results of BIS, RE, SE, mean arterial pressure （MAP） and heart rate （HR） were recorded before anesthesia induction, at the moment of unconsciousness, before and 2 minutes after administration of muscle relaxant, and before and one and three minutes after the tracheal intubation. Results The values of half maximum effective concentrations （EC50）, 5% effective concentrations （EC05） and 95% effective concentrations （EC95） of propofol effect-site concentration at the onset of unconsciousness were 1.2 （1.1-1.3 μg/ml）, 2.5 （2.4-2.5 μg/ml） and 3.7 （3.7-3.8 μg/ml）, while those of the predicted plasma propofol concentration were 2.8 （2.7-2.9 μg/ml）, 3.9 （3.8-3.9 μg/ml） and 4.9 （4.8-5.0μg/ml）, respectively. The values of BIS, SE and RE were 62, 59 and 63 when 50% of patients lost consciousness, and 79, 80, 85 and 42, 37, 44, respectively, when 5% and 95% of patients were unconscious. The values of BIS, RE and SE dropped two minutes after the injection of muscle relaxant, but there were no significant differences between RE and SE. MAP and HR increased visibly, which indicated a reaction to tracheal intubation; the values of BIS, RE and SE, however, did not display any significant changes. Conclusions This large-sample multicentric study confirmed the values of RE and SE as approximating BIS value, at the onset of unconsciousness during propofol TCI anesthesia. After elimination of myoelectrical activation,

关键词： propofol target-controlled infusion unconsciousness, bispectral index entropy dose-response relationship

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Effective background infusion rate of ropivacaine 0.2% for patient-controlled interscalene brachial plexus analgesia after rotator cuff repair surgery

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第23期127卷 4119-4123页

作者： Wei Yue Li Min Rong Yulan Guo Xiangyang Department of Anesthesiology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing 100191 China

Background Continuous interscalene nerve block （CISB） is considered to be the most effective method for postoperative analgesia after shoulder surgery with prolonged severe *** study was performed to evaluate the minimum effective background infusion rate and the effective background infusion rate of ropivacaine 0.2％ for CISB after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery in 95％ of *** Patients scheduled for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery under general anesthesia at Peking University Third Hospital were prospectively enrolled from December 2011 to May ***,an interscalene catheter （ISC） was placed under the guidance of ultrasound and nerve stimulation in each ***,30 patients with successful nerve block were included.A continuous infusion of ropivacaine 0.2％ with a 5 ml patient-controlled bolus available hourly was started at postoperative anesthesia care unit （PACU） after completion of *** initial background infusion rate was 6 ml/h,which was subsequently varied for each consecutive patient according to the analgesic effects of the previous *** minimum effective background rate was determined using the Dixon and Massey up-and-down *** effective background rate in 95％ of patients was calculated using isotonic *** The minimum effective background rate based on the Dixon and Massey up-and-down method was 2.8 ml/h （95％ CI,2.3-3.3 ml/h）.The effective background rate in 95％ of patients calculated with the isotonic regression analysis was 4.4 ml/h （95％ CI,3.8-6.5 ml/h）.Conclusion The effective background rate for patient-controlled interscalene brachial plexus analgesia after shoulder surgery in 50％ and 95％ of the patients was 2.8 and 4.4 ml/h,respectively.

关键词： ropivacaine brachial plexus nerve block dose-response relationship drug

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Minimum effective local anesthetic dose of intrathecal hyperbaric ropivacaine and bupivacaine for cesarean section

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第4期124卷 509-513页

作者： GENG Zhi-yu WANG Dong-xin WU Xin-min Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Peking University First Hospital Beijing 100034 China

Background Intrathecal anesthesia is commonly used for cesarean section. Bupivacaine and ropivacaine have all been used as intrathecal drugs. The minimum effective local anesthetic dose （MLAD） of intrathecal ropivacaine for nonobstetric patients has been reported. However, few data are available on the MLAD of hyperbaric ropivacine for obstetric patients and the relative potency to bupivacaine has not been fully determined. In this study, we sought to determine the MLAD of intrathecal ropivacaine and bupivacaine for elective cesarean section and to define their relative potency *** We enrolled forty parturients undergoing elective cesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and randomized them to one of two groups to receive intrathecal 0.5% hyperbaric ropivacaine or *** initial dose was 10 mg, and was increased in increments of 1 mg, using the technique of up-down sequential allocation. Efficacy was accepted if adequate sensory dermatomal anesthesia to pin prick to T7 or higher was attained within 20 minutes after intrathecal injection, and required no supplementary epidural injection for procedure until at least 50 minutes after the intrathecal *** The intrathecal MLAD was 9.45 mg （95%confidence interval （CI）, 8.45-10.56 mg） for ropivacaine and 7.53 mg （95%CI, 7.00-8.10 mg） for bupivacaine. The relative potency ratio was 0.80 （95% Cl, 0.74-0.85） for ropivacaine/bupivacaine when given intrathecally in cesarean *** Ropivacaine is 20% less potent than bupivacaine during intrathecal anesthesia for cesarean delivery.

关键词： anesthesia, obstetric, cesarean section anesthetics local, ropivacaine anesthetic technique,subarachnoid dose-response relationship

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痰热清注射液对脂多糖诱导大鼠气道粘液高分泌（英文）

痰热清注射液对脂多糖诱导大鼠气道粘液高分泌（英文）

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贵州省中西医结合学会呼吸专业委员会2015年年会

作者： Shou-jin Dong Yun-qing Zhong Wen-ting Lu Kun Yang Mao-juan Liu Xiao-ling Xiong Bing Mao Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine West China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan University Department of Pneumology Chengdu First People's HospitalChengdu Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Department of Pneumology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University Department of geratology Sichuan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Department of geratology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Background:Tanreqing injection,a Chinese herbal formulation comprising Radix Scutellariae,Fructus Forsythiae,Flos Lonicerae,Antelope horn,and Bear bile powder,has been used to treat bronchitis and pneumonia for many years in ***,its anti-mucus-hypersecretion mechanism has yet not been fully *** aim to assess the effect and dose-response relationships of Tanreqing injection on lipopolysacchaide(LPS) induced airway mucus hypersecretion in *** and methods:Forty-eight male rats were randomly divided into four groups(12 per group).A rat model of airway mucus hypersecretion was generated with *** injection was given by intratracheal instillation,and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)from the right lung was *** total protein was determined by bicinchoninic acid disodium assay(BCA).Muc5 ac was measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and *** expression of muc5ac mRNA was detected by real-time polyermase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The middle lobe of the right lung was stained with alcian blue-periodic acid sthiff(AB-PAS) and positive staining relative shading area ***:LPS caused airway mucus hypersecretion,The LPS-induced airway mucus hypersecretion increased beginning at 24 hr,and peaked at96 *** injection could inhibit airway mucus hypersecretion,and suppress the expression of muc5 ac ***:Tanreqing injection inhibits airway mucus hypersecretion in a certain dose-dependent trend.

关键词： Tanreqing injection Iipopolysaccharides airway mucus hypersecretion dose-response relationship

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Association between multi-level inorganic arsenic exposure from drinking water and skin lesions in Inner Mongolia, China

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Acta Geochimica 2006年第S1期 73-73页

作者： Takesumi Yoshimura Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences Fukuoka Japan

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