检索结果-南通市图书馆

Epidemiological transition of colorectal cancer in developing countries: Environmental factors, molecular pathways, and opportunities for prevention

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6055-6072页

作者： Faraz Bishehsari Mahboobeh Mahdavinia Michele Vacca Reza Malekzadeh Renato Mariani-Costantini Division of Gastroenterology Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Division of Allergy-Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Medical Research Council-Human Nutrition Research MRC-HNR Cambridge CB1 9NL United Kingdom Institute of the Metabolic Science IMS Cambridge CB2 0QQ United Kingdom Digestive Oncology Research Center Digestive Disease Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Shariati Hospital Tehran *** Iran Unit of General Pathology Aging Research Center G. d’Annunzio University Foundation 66100 Chieti Italy Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences G. d’Annunzio University 66100 Chieti Italy

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the leading causes of cancer and cancer-related mortality *** disease has been traditionally a major health problem in industrial countries,however the CRC rates are increasing in the developing countries that are undergoing economic *** environmental risk factors,mainly changes in diet and life style,have been suggested to underlie the rise of CRC in these *** and lifestyle impinge on nuclear receptors,on the intestinal microbiota and on crucial molecular pathways that are implicated in intestinal *** this respect,the epidemiological transition in several regions of the world offers a unique opportunity to better understand CRC carcinogenesis by studying the disease phenotypes and their environmental and molecular associations in different *** data from these studies may have important implications for the global prevention and treatment of CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer developing countries Environment Diet Nuclear receptors Gut microbiota

Fuzzy-based approach to quantify the downtime of buildings in developing countries

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Resilient Cities and Structures 2024年第1期3卷 1-19页

作者： Melissa De Iuliis Rayehe Khaghanpour-Shahrezaee Gian Paolo Cimellaro Mohammad Khanmohammadi Postdoctoral Researcher Dept.of Structural and Geotechnical EngineeringSapienza University of RomeVia Eudossiana18RomeItaly PhD.Candidate School of Civil EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehran ***Iran Professor Department of StructuralGeotechnical and Building EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi24TorinoItaly Associate Professor School of Civil EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehran ***Iran

Earthquake is one of the natural disasters that affects the buildings and communities in developing *** causes different levels of damages to the buildings,making them uninhabitable for a period of time,called downtime(DT).This paper proposes a Fuzzy Logic hierarchical method to estimate the downtime of residential buildings in developing countries after an *** use of expert-based systems allows quantifying the indicators involved in the model using descriptive knowledge instead of hard data,accounting also for the un-certainties that may affect the *** applicability of the methodology is illustrated using the information gathered after the 2015 Gorkha,Nepal,earthquake as a case *** April 25,2015,Nepal was hit by the Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake,which damaged and destroyed more than 500.000 residential *** obtained from a Rapid Visual Damage Assessment(RVDA)is used through a hierarchical scheme to evaluate the building *** analysis based on Sobol method is implemented to evaluate the impor-tance of parameters gathered in the RVDA for building damage *** findings of this work may be used to estimate the restoration time of damaged buildings in developing countries and to plan preventive safety measures.

关键词： Resilience Downtime developing countries Buildings Fuzzy logic

Typhoid intestinal perforation in developing countries: Still unavoidable deaths?

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第11期23卷 1925-1931页

作者： Sandro Contini Department of Surgical Sciences University of Parma43123 ParmaItaly

Typhoid fever is a public health challenge mostly concentrated in impoverished, overcrowded areas of the developing world, with lack of safe drinking and sanitation. The most serious complication is typhoid intestinal perforation(TIP), observed in 0.8% to 39%, with a striking rate difference between high-income and low-middle-income countries. Although the mortality rate consequent to TIP in resource-poor countries is improved in the last decades, it is still fluctuating from 5% to 80%, due to surgical-and not surgical-related constraints. Huge economic costs and long timelines are required to provide a short-to middle-term solution to the lack of safe water and sanitation. Inherent limitations of the currently available diagnostic tools may lead to under-evaluation as well as over-evaluation of the disease, with consequent delayed treatment or inappropriate, excessive antibiotic use, hence increasing the likelihood of bacterial resistance. There is a need for immunization programs in populations at greatest risk, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Uniform surgical strategies and guidelines, on the basis of sound or prospective surgical studies and adapted to the local realities, are still lacking. Major drawbacks of the surgical treatment are the frequent delays to surgery, either for late diagnosis or for difficult transports, and the unavailable appropriate intensive care units in most peripheral facilities. As a consequence, poor patient's conditions at presentation, severe peritoneal contamination and unsuitable postoperative care are the foremost determinant of surgical morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Typhoid bacterial resistance Typhoid fever Typhoid intestinal perforation developing countries Low-Middle-Income countries Postoperative care Typhoid vaccination

A local spatial decision support system for developing countries based on MCA,fuzzy sets and OWA–case study of a municipality in Cuba

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Geo-Spatial Information Science 2013年第2期16卷 120-129页

作者： Ricardo DELGADO TELLEZ ZHONG Ershun ZUHU Yang Arisleydis PEÑA DE LA CRUZ Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No.A19Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASNo.A11Datun RoadBeijing 100101China International Business Division SuperMap Software Co.LtdNo.A10Jiuxianqiao North RoadBeijing 100015China Department of Applied Meteorology Cuban Institute of MeteorologyHavana 95100Cuba

This paper presents a Spatial Decision Support System for local governments of developing *** allows municipality government,enterprises,scientific community and civil society to address decision problems using *** framework is supported by four modules of information technologies:Environmental Decision Support Database,Data Manipulation,Decision Support,and Mapping.A case study is presented covering the implementation of this framework in one municipality of *** example of land suitability planning for coconut crops is used to evaluate the system performance and *** show local municipalities are able to use this framework to solve local decision problems using state of the art decision making even with low infrastructure development.

关键词： GIS Spatial Decision Support System MCA OWA developing countries

Adoption of precision agriculture technologies in India and in some developing countries:Scope,present status and strategies

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第6期19卷 659-666页

作者： Pinaki Mondal Manisha Basu Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering Indian Institute of Technology International Centre for Automotive Technology 3. National Research Development Corporation

Rapid socio-economic changes in some developing countries, including India, are creating new scopes for application of precision agriculture (PA). The implications of dramatic shifts for economic development, urbanization and energy consumption in some developing countries are immense. High-tech nature of traditional PA technologies developed in advanced countries created a real challenge for engineers to search suitable PA technologies for developing countries. It is expected that application of balanced soft and hard PA technologies based on the need of specific socio-economic condition of a country will make PA suitable for developing countries also. ‘Soft’ PA depends mainly on visual observation of crop and soil and management decision based on experience and intuition, rather than on statistical and scientific analysis. ‘Hard’ PA utilizes all modern technologies such as GPS, RS, and VRT. Three components, namely, ‘single PA technology’, ‘PA technology package’ (for the user to select one or combination) and ‘integrated PA technology’, have been identified as a part of adoption strategies of PA in the developing countries. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to find out the scope, the present status and the strategies for adoption of PA in India and in some developing countries. Application of PA in cash crop, plantation crop, etc. has been discussed. Application of some medium and low-tech PA tools such as chlorophyll meter and leaf colour chart. in small farms has been included. This exhaustive review of the present status of PA in India and in some developing countries is expected to help to find out the adoption trend and direction of future research. Detailed strategy for the adoption of PA in India has also been proposed.

关键词： Precision agriculture Indian agriculture developing countries Adoption

An ICT model for increased adoption of farm input information in developing countries:A case in Sikasso,Mali

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第1期6卷 26-46页

作者： Macire Kante Robert Oboko Christopher Chepken University of Nairobi P.O.Box 30197-00100 GPONairobiKenya Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique BamakoMali

Information and Communication Technologies(ICT)play a key role in the dissemination of information on farm inputs for their increased ***-scale cereal farmers have been exposed to ICT-based farm input information in developing ***,an underuse of these ICTs services has led to an insignificant adoption of farm input *** underuse was due to certain *** purpose of this study was to propose an ICT model for increased adoption of farm input information by establishing these factors and their relationships.A convenient sample of 300 small-scale cereal farmers was selected in Sikasso,Mali to gather *** partial least squares structural equation modelling technique was used to assess the model that was being *** used the technique to establish the measurement model validity and to assess the structural model(hypotheses).The result suggested that the model was highly predictive of the Use of ICT-based farm input information(80.7%).In addition,use of these ICT-based farm input information was also highly predictive(68.4%)of the Increased Adoption of farm input information by small-scale cereal farmers in developing countries.

关键词： Cereal farmers Productivity ICT-based farm input information developing countries Mali

Review of the Copenhagen Climate Summit——developing countries Argued Against the Capitalist System

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

学术界 2010年第2期 278-283页

作者： Tan Yangfang Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

In the Climate Summit in Copenhagen,the developing countries have criticized the developed capitalist countries for failing to deal with the climate crisis,including the driving of the process and outcomes of this mee... 详细信息

关键词： Copenhagen climate developing countries capitalism "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change" 15th Meeting of the Parties cum "Kyoto Protocol" 5th Meeting of the Parties held in Copenhagen Denmark on December 7-19 2009 referred to as " Copenhagen Climate Summit ".192 heads of state and government had attended the conference aimed at consolidating a global plan to deal with climate change.The United Nations summit ended with an underwhelming and not legally binding agreement that set a target of limiting global warming to a maximum of 2 degrees celsius over pre-industrial times.

Indigenous Knowledge and developing countries’Innovation Systems:The Case of Namibia

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Innovation Studies 2017年第1期1卷 89-106页

作者： Jussi S.Jauhiainen Lauri Hooli Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu50090 TartuEstonia Department of Geography and Geology University of TurkuTurku FI‐20014Finland

This article analyzes in‐depth the development trajectory of the innovation systems(IS)in the case of *** research data consists of documents,interviews and studies related to IS development in Namibia from the 1990s until early *** case study highlights the spatiotemporal challenges of creating an IS in a developing country with limited STI resources and the potential mismatch between related strategies and *** is a broad framework that identifies and maps potential relevant actors for innovation development but it does not necessary enhance interactions between the actors of *** developing countries,the doing‐using‐interacting mode of innovation fits better when the aim is to integrate indigenous knowledge(IK)into an *** IK‐included IS can facilitate participatory development processes,foster socioeconomic resilience of local communities and enhance the comparative advantage of a developing country.

关键词： Innovation systems Indigenous knowledge developing countries Namibia Africa

Management of hepatitis B in developing countries

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Hepatology 2011年第12期3卷 292-299页

作者： Zaigham Abbas Adeel R Siddiqui Department of Hepatogastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation Karachi 74200 Pakistan

Hepatitis B is one of the leading causes of chronic hepatitis in developing countries, with 5% to 15% of the population carrying virus. The high prevalence is due to failure to adopt appropriate measure to confine the spread of infection. Most hepatitis B patients present with advanced diseases. Although perinatal transmission is believed to be an important mode, most infections in the developing world occur in childhood and early adulthood. Factors in developing countries associated with the progression of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) include co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus, delta hepatitis virus, hepatitis C virus, alcohol intake and aflatoxin. Treatment protocols extrapolated from developed countries may need modifications according to the resources available. There is some controversy as to when to start treatment, with what medication and for how long? There is now enough evidence to support that hepatitis B patients should be considered for treatment if they show persistently elevated abnormal aminotransferase levels in the last 6 mo, checked on at least three separate occasions, and a serum hepatitis B virus DNA level of > 2000 IU/mL. Therapeutic agents that were approved by Pure Food and Drug Administration are now available in many developing countries. These include standard interferon (INF)-α, pegylated INF-α, lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir and telbivudine. Drug resistance has emerged as a major challenge in the management of patients with CHB. The role of the universal vaccination program for effective control of hepatitis B cannot be emphasized enough.

关键词： Hepatitis B Management developing countries Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis B virus DNA Vaccination