In this paper, we consider the decentralized optimal control problem for linear discrete-time systems with multiple input channels. First, under centralized control, the optimal feedback gains are given in terms of tw...
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In this paper, we consider the decentralized optimal control problem for linear discrete-time systems with multiple input channels. First, under centralized control, the optimal feedback gains are given in terms of two algebraic Riccati equations. A reduced order observer is then designed using only the local input and output information. By selecting an appropriate initial value for the observer, we derive an observer-based decentralized optimal controller where the feedback gain is the same as that obtained in the centralized optimal control problem. Last but not least, we study the optimal control problem of non-homogeneous multi-agent systems as an application. A suboptimal decentralized controller is obtained and the difference between the suboptimal cost and the optimal one is given.
This paper studies the decentralized optimal control of discrete-time system with input delay,where a large number of agents with the identical decoupling dynamical equations and the coupling cost function through the...
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This paper studies the decentralized optimal control of discrete-time system with input delay,where a large number of agents with the identical decoupling dynamical equations and the coupling cost function through the mean field are *** decentralized and centralized optimal controllers are proposed by the optimal tracking control of LQR problem with *** are proved that the optimal controllers and the optimal cost function of the centralized and decentralized solutions are equivalent for the optimal control *** illustrative example is given to show the efficiency of the decentralized optimal controllers.
This paper focuses on control design and synthesize for a class of magnetic levitation systems,which have a decentralized control for each suspension *** to the existence of mechanical coupling among four suspension p...
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This paper focuses on control design and synthesize for a class of magnetic levitation systems,which have a decentralized control for each suspension *** to the existence of mechanical coupling among four suspension points,large modeling uncertainties,unpredictable disturbances during the operation,and measurement noises,becomes *** estimate and compensate for the effects of lumped uncertainties,this study employs the extended state observer(ESO)in conjunction with active disturbance rejection control(ADRC).Specifically,a novel ESO is proposed that utilizes output signals and their derivatives to estimate the lumped uncertainties more accurately,which simplifies the convergence proof conditions and has well engineering *** article is written in honor of *** on the occasion of his 60th ***,this paper is inspired by his pioneering work on composite nonlinear feedback,which combines linear feedback and nonlinear compensator to enhance system performance Chen et al.(IEEE Trans Autom control,40:427-439,2003).
This paper examines the interconnection of two DC microgrids(MGs) with tie-line. The voltages at respective MG buses are controlled to manage the powerflow across the tie-line. Formation of such a DC MG cluster ensure...
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This paper examines the interconnection of two DC microgrids(MGs) with tie-line. The voltages at respective MG buses are controlled to manage the powerflow across the tie-line. Formation of such a DC MG cluster ensures higher reliability of power supply andflexibility to manage distributed energy resources and loads in the system. Two MGs consist of photovoltaic and battery units interfaced by power electronic converters. The bus voltages of two DC MGs act as an indicator for the powerflow monitoring the supply-demand balance. A decentralized control approach is proposed to control each MG and bus voltage fluctuation in an allowable range. Furthermore,a mode adaptive decentralized control approach is proposed for seamless mode transition in order to assign microgrid operation modes and for the power management of DC MGs. The effectiveness of the proposed concept is validated by simulation and experimental results.
While moving towards a low-carbon, sustainable electricity system, distribution networks are expected to host a large share of distributed generators, such as photovoltaic units and wind turbines. These inverter-based...
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While moving towards a low-carbon, sustainable electricity system, distribution networks are expected to host a large share of distributed generators, such as photovoltaic units and wind turbines. These inverter-based resources are intermittent, but also controllable, and are expected to amplify the role of distribution networks together with other distributed energy resources, such as storage systems and controllable loads. The available control methods for these resources are typically categorized based on the available communication network into centralized, distributed, and decentralized or local. Standard local schemes are typically inefficient, whereas centralized approaches show implementation and cost concerns. This paper focuses on optimized decentralized control of distributed generators via supervised and reinforcement learning. We present existing state-of-the-art decentralized control schemes based on supervised learning, propose a new reinforcement learning scheme based on deep deterministic policy gradient, and compare the behavior of both decentralized and centralized methods in terms of computational effort, scalability, privacy awareness, ability to consider constraints, and overall optimality. We evaluate the performance of the examined schemes on a benchmark European low voltage test system. The results show that both supervised learning and reinforcement learning schemes effectively mitigate the operational issues faced by the distribution network.
With the access to large amounts of renewable energy sources(RES),operation uncertainty of distribution networks increases ***,adopting advanced information and communication technology,a cyber-physical distribution n...
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With the access to large amounts of renewable energy sources(RES),operation uncertainty of distribution networks increases ***,adopting advanced information and communication technology,a cyber-physical distribution network(CPDS)provides the possibility to solve this problem via aggregative management of decentralized controllable ***,information flow in cyber space deeply interacts with energy flow in physical space,leading to a complexity in modeling,design and analysis of the whole control *** deal with this problem,a general hybrid flow model of CPDS is first proposed in this *** this model,the control process is abstracted into interactions among three types of cyber nodes through cyber *** mathematic model of cyber nodes and branches is developed as well as that of the controlled physical object for hybrid flow ***,based on the hybrid model,an instantiated application to compensate feeder power deviation caused by RES fluctuation through aggregative control of large-scale air-conditioners(ACs)is *** this application,coordinative control of the AC cluster is achieved through a decentralized control strategy with very little communication cost and very good privacy *** of numerical examples verify the correctness and flexibility of the hybrid flow model in reflecting interactions between cyber flow and energy flow as well as system *** proposed decentralized control strategy of the AC cluster is also proven to be effective and robust in FCE compensation.
This paper presents a new optimized decentralized controller design method for solving the tracking and disturbance rejection problems for large-scale linear time-invariant systems, using only low-order decentralized ...
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This paper presents a new optimized decentralized controller design method for solving the tracking and disturbance rejection problems for large-scale linear time-invariant systems, using only low-order decentralized controllers. To illustrate the type of results which can be obtained using the new optimized decentralized control design method, the control of a large flexible space structure is studied and compared with the standard centralized LQR-observer controller. The order of the resultant decentralized controller is much smaller than that of the standard centralized LQR-observer controller. The proposed controller also has certain fail-safe properties and, in addition, it can be five orders of magnitude more robust than the standard LQR-observer controller based on their real stability radii. The new decentralized controller design method is applied to a large flexible space structure system with 5 inputs and 5 outputs and of order 24.
A state-dependent routing algorithm based on the neural network model, which takes advantage of other dynamic routing algorithm for circuit-switched network, is given in [1]. But, the Algorithm in [1] is a centralized...
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A state-dependent routing algorithm based on the neural network model, which takes advantage of other dynamic routing algorithm for circuit-switched network, is given in [1]. But, the Algorithm in [1] is a centralized control model with complex O (N 7), therefore, is difficult to realize by hardware. A simplified algorithm is put forward in this paper, in which routing can be controlled decentralizedly, and its complexity is reduced to O (10N 3). Computer simulations are made in a fully connected test network with eight nodes. The results show that the centralized control model has very effective performance that can match RTNR, and the centralized control model is not as good as the centralized one but better than DAR-1.
This work considers the problem of decentralized control of inverter-based ac micro-grid in different operation *** main objectives are to(i)design decentralized frequency and voltage controllers,to gather with power ...
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This work considers the problem of decentralized control of inverter-based ac micro-grid in different operation *** main objectives are to(i)design decentralized frequency and voltage controllers,to gather with power sharing,without information exchange between microsources(ii)design passive dynamic controllers which ensure stability of the entire microgrid system(iii)capture nonlinear,interconnected and large-scale dynamic of the micro-grid system with meshed topology as a port-Hamiltonian formulation(iv)expand the property of shifted-energy function in the context of decentralized control of ac micro-grid(v)analysis of system stability in large signal point of *** precisely,to deal with nonlinear,interconnected and large-scale structure of micro-grid systems,the port-Hamiltonian formulation is used to capture the dynamic of micro-grid components including microsource,distribution line and load dynamics as well as interconnection ***,to deal with large signal stability problem of the microgrid system in the grid-connected and islanded conditions,the shifted-Hamiltonian energy function is served as a storage function to ensure incremental passivity and stability of the microgrid ***,it is shown that the aggregating of the microgrid dynamic and the decentralized controller dynamics satisfies the incremental ***,the effectiveness of the proposed controllers is evaluated through simulation *** different scenarios including grid-connected and islanded modes as well as transition between both modes are *** simulation conforms that the decentralized control dynamics are suited to achieve the desired objective of frequency synchronization,voltage control and power sharing in the grid-connected and islanded *** simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
When using H_∞ techniques to design decentralized controllers for large systems, the whole system is divided into subsystems, which are analysed using H_∞ control theory before being recombined. An analogy was estab...
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When using H_∞ techniques to design decentralized controllers for large systems, the whole system is divided into subsystems, which are analysed using H_∞ control theory before being recombined. An analogy was established with substructural analysis in structural mechanics, in which H_∞ decentralized control theory corresponds to substructural modal synthesis theory so that the optimal H_∞ norm of the whole system corresponds to the fundamental vibration frequency of the whole structure. Hence, modal synthesis methodology and the extended Wittrick_Williams algorithm were transplanted from structural mechanics to compute the optimal H_∞ norm of the control system. The orthogonality and the expansion theorem of eigenfunctions of the subsystems H_∞ control are presented in part (Ⅰ) of the paper. The modal synthesis method for computation of the optimal H_∞ norm of decentralized control systems and numerical examples are presented in part (Ⅱ).
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