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Changes in hydrological processes in the headwater area of Yellow River,China during 1956-2019 under the influences of climate change,permafrost thaw and dam

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第2期14卷 237-247页

作者： Qiang MA Hui-Jun JIN Qing-Bai WU Alla YUROVA Si-Hai LIANG Raul DavidȘERBAN Yong-Chao LAN State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Civil Engineering Permafrost InstituteNortheast-China Observatory and Research-Station of Permafrost Geological Environment(Ministry of Education)Institute of Cold-Regions Engineering Science and TechnologyNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute for Alpine Environment Eurac ResearchBolzano 39100Italy

Discharge characteristics are crucial for detecting changes in hydrological ***,the river hydrology)in the Headwater Area of the Yellow River(HAYR)has exhibited erratic regimes(e.g.,monotonously declining/low/high hydrograph,even with normal precipitation)under the effects of climate change,permafrost thaw and changes in dam *** study integrates hydroclimatic variables(air temperature,precipitation,and potential evapotranspiration)with anthropogenic dam operation and permafrost degradation impact data to systematically examine the mechanisms of these hydrological process changes during 1956–*** results show the following:1)compared with the pre-dammed gauged flow,dam construction(January 1998–January 2000)and removal of dam(September 2018–August 2019)induced monotonously low(−17.2 m^(3) s^(−1);−61%)and high(+54.6 m^(3) s^(−1);+138%)hydrographs,respectively;2)hydroclimatic variables mainly controlled the summer–autumn hydrological processes in the HAYR;3)the monotonous decline of the hydrograph of Yellow River in the HAYR in some hydrological years(e.g.,1977,1979,1990 and 1995)was closely related with unusually high atmospheric demands of evaporation and low-intense rainfall during summer–autumn seasons;and 4)the lengthening of subsurface hydrological pathways and residence time,permafrost degradation reduced the recession coefficient(−0.002 per year)of winter flow and altered the hydrological regimes of seasonal rivers,which resulted in flattened hydrographs that reduced and delayed the peak flow(of 0.05 mm per year and 1.65 d per year,respectively)as well as boosted the winter baseflow(0.01 mm per year).This study can provide updated and systematic understanding of changing hydrological processes in typical alpine catchments on northeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau,China under a warming climate.

关键词： Degradation of alpine permafrost dam Changing hydrological processes Precipitation Streamflow Evaporation

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Game model of safety monitoring for arch dam deformation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第S2期51卷 76-81页

作者： SU HuaiZhi1,2,WU ZhongRu1,2,GU YanChang1,2,HU Jiang1 & WEN ZhiPing3 1 College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China 2 National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety,Nanjing 210098,China 3 Department of Computer Engineering,Nanjing Institute of Technology,Nanjing 210013,China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety Nanjing 210098 China Department of Computer Engineering Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing 210013 China

Arch dam deformation is comprehensively affected by water pressure,temperature,dam's structural behavior and material properties as well as other *** them the water pressure and temperature are external factors(source factors) that cause dam deformation,and dam's structural behavior and material properties are the internal factors of deformation(resistance factors).The dam deformation is the result of the mutual game playing between source factors and resistance ***,resistance factors of structure and materials that reflect resistance character of arch dam structure are introduced into the traditional model,where structure factor is embodied by the flexibility coefficient of dam body and the maximum dam height,and material property is embodied by the elastic modulus of *** the basis of analyzing the correlation between dam deformation and resistance factors,the game model of safety monitoring for arch dam deformation is put forward.

关键词： arch dam deformation monitoring model flexibility coefficient game theory

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Coupled model constructed to simulate the landslide dam flood discharge:a case study of Baige landslide dam,Jinsha River

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第1期14卷 63-76页

作者： Hongjie WANG Yi ZHOU Shixin WANG Futao WANG Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Landslide dam,always triggered by the strong earthquake and heavy rain,is a common natural disaster around the *** this study,a coupled model was built by combining DB-IWHR model and the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model to simulate the landslide dam flood *** mapped the maximum Baige landslide dam flood inundated area based on Gaofen-1 imagery,and then simulated the process of Baige landslide dam flood discharge using this coupled *** was proved that,with 80.05%F values,the coupled model was suitable to simulate the process of landslide dam flood ***,multiple scenarios were simulated respectively by setting varying width and depth of *** results of scenarios 1-4 indicated that spillway width presented low sensibility to the peak flow in spillway and the time of its arrival,and similarly to the water depth at river cross-section and the inundated *** depth at river cross-section and the inundated area decreased as spillway width *** if spillway width varied at 10 m interval,the average variation of water depth was less than 1.82 m and the variation of inundated area was less than 2.85%.However,the results of scenarios 5-8 indicated that spillway depth was sensitive to the peak flow in spillway and its arrival time,and also to water depth at river cross-section and the inundated *** depth at river cross-section and the inundated area increased first and then started to drop with spillway depth kept *** spillway depth varied at only 2 m interval,the average variation of water depth at river cross-section basically exceeded 2 m and the variation of inundated area was more than 2.85%.

关键词： landslide dam scenario simulation flood discharge

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Fish Assemblage Responses to a Low-head dam Removal in the Lancang River

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Chinese Geographical Science 2019年第1期29卷 26-36页

作者： DING Chengzhi JIANG Xiaoming WANG Lieen FAN Hui CHEN Liqiang HU Jinming WANG Hailong CHEN Yifeng SHI Xiaotao CHEN Hao PAN Bohui DING Liuyong ZHANG Chao HE daming Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security Yunnan University State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China Xi'an University of Technology Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Co. Ltd Laboratory of Biological Invasion and Adaptive Evolution Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of Education China Three Gorges University

dam removal is becoming an effective approach for aquatic biodiversity restoration in damming river in order to balance the aquatic ecosystem conservation with large-scale cascade damming. However, the effects of dam removal on fish communities in Asian mountainous rivers, which are dominated by Cypriniformes fishes, are still not well known. To determine whether dam removal on a mountainous river benefit restoration of fish diversity, we investigated the response of fish assemblage to dam removal using a before-after-control-impact design in two tributaries of the Lancang River(dam removal river: the Jidu River, and control river: the Fengdian River). Fish surveys were conducted one year prior to dam removal(2012) and three years(2013–2015) following dam removal. We observed rapidly and notably spatio-temporal changes in fish biodiversity metrics and assemblage structure, occurring in the Jidu River within the first year after dam removal. Overall, fish species richness, density and Shannon-Wiener diversity all increased immediately in above-and below-dam sites, and maintained a stable level in subsequent years, compared to unchanged situation in the control river. All sites in the Jidu River experienced shifts in fish composition after dam removal, with the greatest temporal changes occurred in sites below-and above-the former dam, resulting in a temporal homogenization tendency in the dam removed river. These findings suggest that dam removal can benefit the recovery of habitat conditions and fish community in Asian mountainous rivers, but the results should be further evaluated when apply to other dammed rivers since the dam age, fluvial geomorphology and situation of source populations could all affect the responses of fish assemblages.

关键词： fish diversity dam demolition habitat recovery Cypriniformes international rivers

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Long-term deformation analysis of Shuibuya concrete face rockfill dam based on response surface method and improved genetic algorithm

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Water Science and Engineering 2019年第3期12卷 196-204页

作者： Fu-hai Yao Shao-heng Guan He Yang Yuan Chen Huan-feng Qiu Gang Ma Qi-wen Liu School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University Wuhan 430070 China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited Guiyang 550081 China

Due to the size effects of rockfill materials, the settlement difference between numerical simulation and in situ monitoring of rockfill dams is a topic of general *** constitutive model parameters obtained from laboratory triaxial tests often underestimate the deformation of high rockfill ***, constitutive model parameters obtained by back analysis were used to calculate and predict the long-term deformation of rockfill *** of using artificial neural networks (ANNs), the response surface method (RSM) was employed to replace the finite element simulation used in the optimization *** 27 training samples were required for RSM, improving computational efficiency compared with ANN, which required 300 training *** can be used to describe the relationship between the constitutive model parameters and dam *** inversion results of the Shuibuya concrete face rockfill dam (CFRD) show that the calculated settlements agree with the measured data, indicating the accuracy and efficiency of RSM.

关键词： Shuibuya rockfill dam Parameter back analysis Response surface method Duncan EB model Time-dependent deformation

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Water level variation characteristics under the impacts of extreme drought and the operation of the Three Gorges dam

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第3期13卷 510-522页

作者： Yuanfang CHAI Yitian LI Yunping YANG Sixuan LI Wei ZHANG Jinqiu REN Haibin XIONG State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport EngineeringMinistry of TransportTianjin 300000China

Under the influence of a climate of extreme drought and the Three Gorges dam (TGD) operation, the water levels in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in 2006 and 2011 changed significantly compared with those in the extreme drought years of 1978 and 1986. To quantitatively analyze the characteristics of water level variations in 2006 and 2011, a new calculation method was proposed, and the daily water level and discharge from 1955-2016 were collected in this study. The findings are as follows: in 2006 and 2011, the water level in the dry season significantly increased, but that in the flood season obviously decreased compared with the levels in 1978 and 1986. Here, we described this phenomenon as “no low-water-level in dry season, no high-water-level in flood season”. Based on the calculation method, the contributions of climate variability and the Three Gorges dam operation to water level variations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were calculated, and the contributions indicated that climate variability was the main reason for the phenomenon of “no low-water-level in diy season, no high-water-level in flood season” instead of flood peak reduction in the flood season and drought runoff implementation in the dry season, which are both induced by TGD.

关键词： water level extreme drought climate the Three Gorges dam the Yangtze River Basin

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Application analysis of empirical mode decomposition and phase space reconstruction in dam time-varying characteristic

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第6期53卷 1711-1716页

作者： ZHANG ZhiJun1,2,3,GU ChongShi1,2,BAO TengFei1,2,ZHANG Lan1,2 & YU Hong1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China 2 National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China 3 Department of Civil,Environmental and Geomatic Engineering,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology,Zurich 8093,Switzerland 1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China2. National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China3. Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic Engineering Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich 8093 Switzerland

In view of some courses of the time-varying characteristics processing in the analysis of dam deformation,the paper proposes a new method to analyze the dam time-varying characteristic based on the empirical mode decomposition and phase space reconstruction *** of all,to reduce the influences on the traditional statistical model from human factors and assure the analysis accuracy,response variables of the time-varying characteristic are obtained by the way of the empirical mode decomposition;and then,a phase plane of those variables is reconstructed to investigate their processing *** methods have already been applied to an actual project and the results showed that data interpretation with the assists of empirical mode decomposition and phase space reconstruction is effective in analyzing the perturbations of response variables,explicit in reflecting the entire development process,and valid for obtaining the evolution rules of the time-varying *** methodology is a powerful technical support for people to further master the rules of dam operation.

关键词： dam safety monitoring dam time-varying characteristic empirical mode decomposition phase space reconstruction

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Spatio-temporal patterns of zooplankton in a main-stem dam affected tributary: a case study in the Xiangxi River of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第8期62卷 1058-1069页

作者： Xinghao Li Jie Huang Sabine Filker Thorsten Stoeck Yonghong Bi Yuhe Yu Weibo Song Laboratory of Protozoology Institute of Evolution and Marine BiodiversityOcean University of ChinaQingdao266003China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecologyand BiotechnologyInstitute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430072China Department of Molecular Ecology University of Technology KaiserslauternKaiserslautern67663Germany Department of Ecology University of Technology KaiserslauternKaiserslautern67663Germany Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao266003China

As the ecologically important recipient channels for riverine ecosystems, tributaries provide unique microhabitats for microorganisms, among which zooplankton constitutes the most important heterotrophic organisms. In particular, the reduced water velocity caused by dams is more favorable for zooplankton development;therefore, dammed rivers are expected to support extremely diverse and abundant zooplankton communities and notably different spatiotemporal distribution patterns. So far,however, only very few molecular studies support these assumptions. Using high-throughput sequencing, a high number of 350 operational taxonomic units(OTUs;97% cutoff) were retrieved from 30 samples collected in the Xiangxi River, the nearest large tributary upstream of the Three Gorges dam. Zooplankton did not show significant spatial distribution in the channel. Instead,the community structures varied significantly over sampling dates, corroborating the seasonal patterns found in lakes and ponds in the subtropical zone. As expected, the community compositions were deterministically governed by environmental filtering processes(phylogenetic clustering), in which water velocity appeared to be much less important than other investigated environmental factors. Moreover, most of the detected phylotypes(OTUs) had a relatively high(>90%) sequence similarity to previously deposited sequences, suggesting a mediocre degree of genetic novelty within the zooplankton communities in the Xiangxi River.

关键词： zooplankton high-throughput sequencing spatiotemporal distribution genetic novelty tributary main-stem dam

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Theory on real-time control of construction quality and progress and its application to high arc dam

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第10期53卷 2611-2618页

作者： ZHONG DengHua1, REN BingYu1, LI MingChao1, WU BinPing1 & LI MingChuan2 1 Department of Hydraulic and Hydroelectric Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China 2 Ertan Hydropower Development Company, Ltd., Chengdu 610051, China 1. Department of Hydraulic and Hydroelectric Engineering School of Civil Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China2. Ertan Hydropower Development Company Ltd. Chengdu 610051 China

A complete scheme for solving the key scientific problems associated with high-standard,high-intensity continuous construction of high arch dams was presented. First,based on a coupling analysis of construction system decomposition and coordination for a high arc dam,a mathematical model for real-time control of construction quality and progress that considers complex constraints was developed. Second,a method of progress control was proposed based on a dynamic simulation. Third,a dynamic quality control mechanism was established based on construction information collected using a PDA. Fourth,a system for integrating collected information,progress simulation and quality control analyses under a network environment was developed. Finally,these methods were applied to a practical project to show that each aspect of a construction process can be managed effectively and that real-time monitoring and feedback control can be realized. Our methods provide new theoretical principles and technical measures for quality and progress control in the high arc dam construction process.

关键词： construction quality construction progress dynamic simulation real-time control network high arc dam

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Theory and practice of construction simulation for high rockfill dam

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2007年第z1期50卷 51-61页

作者： ZHONG DengHua ZHANG Ping WU KangXin Department of Hydraulic and Hydroelectric Engineering School of Civil EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Hydraulic and Hydroelectric EngineeringSchool of Civil EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Hydraulic and Hydroelectric EngineeringSchool of Civil EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Construction simulation for high rockfill dam (CSHRD) is the technology that takes advantage of computer simulation to observe and analyze a complex construction process, which is useful for construction design and management. In this paper, the domestic and oversea research status of CSHRD is reviewed firstly, along with introduction of their present achievements and deficiencies, and the CSHRD theory is also described. Then, considering the influence of many stochastic factors, integrated simulation for high rockfill dam construction (HRDC) is presented with technologies of cycle operation network (CYCLONE) and computer simulation. It rationally combines two subsystems in HRDC, namely haulage and placement of rockfill subsystem, which reflects the actual construction objectively. Important parameters, such as the haulage intensity and traffic density, are obtained, and the process of CSHRD is represented intuitively in dynamic visualization. All of these help engineers to make rapid decisions in HRDC scientifically.

关键词： high rockfill dam construction simulation cycle operation network visualization

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