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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第24期6卷 1883-1887页

作者： Jun Chen Shan Wu Jun Ren Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College Guiyang 550004 Guizhou Province China University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences Wyoming INBRE Program Laramie WY 82071 USA

High-resolution ultrasonography was used to analyze the nerve cross-sectional area （CSA） of the median nerve at 7 sites： the wrist crease, pisiform bone, hamate bone, 6 cm proximal to the tip of the wrist crease, proximal forearm （where the nerve enters the pronator teres muscle）, 4 cm proximal to the tip of the medial epicondyle, and mid-humerus （mid-point between elbow crease and axilla） in 200 healthy volunteers from Guiyang, China. Results showed similar CSA values between the left and right sides, but the CSA 6 cm proximal to the tip of the wrist crease, proximal forearm, 4 cm proximal to tip of the medial epicondyle, and mid-humerus in males was greater than that of females. Moreover, CSA values at the wrist crease, pisiform bone, and hamate bone were greater in the middle-aged and old groups when compared to the young group, and correlated with body mass and height. Thus, reference values of median nerve CSA of the upper limbs can facilitate the analysis of abnormal nerve conditions.

关键词： ultrasonography median nerve cross-sectional area Guiyang Han nationality

Usefulness of the acromioclavicular joint cross-sectional area as a diagnostic image parameter of acromioclavicular osteoarthritis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第7期10卷 2087-2094页

作者： Young Joo Jee Youn Moon Jung Youn Han Yun-Sic Bang Keum Nae Kang Young Su Lim Young-SoonChoi Young-Uk Kim Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine CHA Ilsan Medical CenterSchool of MedicineCHA UniversityIlsanGyeonggi-do 10414South Korea Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Hospital College of MedicineSeoul 03080South Korea Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine CHA Bundang Medical CenterSchool of MedicineSeongnamGyeonggi-do 13496South Korea Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine National Police HospitalSeoul 05715South Korea Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Catholic Kwandong UniversityCollege of MedicineInternational St.Mary’s HospitalIncheon 22711South Korea

BACKGROUND Acromioclavicular joint(ACJ)space narrowing has been considered to be an important diagnostic image parameter of ACJ osteoarthritis(ACJO).However,the morphology of the ACJ space is irregular because of osteophyte formation,subchondral irregularity,capsular distention,sclerosis,and ***,we created the ACJ cross-sectional area(ACJCSA)as a new diagnostic image parameter to assess the irregular morphologic changes of the *** To hypothesize that the ACJCSA is a new diagnostic image parameter for *** ACJ samples were obtained from 35 patients with ACJO and 30 healthy individuals who underwent shoulder magnetic resonance(S-MR)imaging that revealed no evidence of *** coronal,T2-weighted,fat-suppressed SMR images were acquired at the ACJ level from the two *** measured the ACJCSA and the ACJ space width(ACJSW)at the ACJ on the S-MR images using our imaging analysis *** ACJCSA was measured as the cross-sectional area of the *** ACJSW was measured as the narrowest point between the acromion and the *** The average ACJCSA was 39.88±10.60 mm;in the normal group and 18.80±5.13 mm;in the ACJO *** mean ACJSW was 3.51±0.58 mm in the normal group and 2.02±0.48 mm in the ACJO *** individuals had significantly lower ACJCSA and ACJSW than the healthy *** operating characteristic curve analyses demonstrated that the most suitable ACJCSA cutoff score was 26.14 mm^(2),with 91.4%sensitivity and 90.0%*** The optimal ACJSW cutoff score was 2.37 mm,with 88.6%sensitivity and 96.7%*** though both the ACJCSA and ACJSW were significantly associated with ACJO,the ACJCSA was a more sensitive diagnostic image parameter.

关键词： Acromioclavicular joint Osteoarthritis cross-sectional area Diagnosis

Modeling Blood Flow in Veins of Uniform Properties (Giraffe Jugular Vein)

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第2期14卷 132-153页

作者： Rogers Omboga Amenya Johanna Kibet Sigey Geoffrey Moriaso Ole Maloiy David Mwangi Theuri Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences Dedan Kimathi University of Technology Nyeri Kenya Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics School of Mathematical Sciences Jomo Kenyatta Unversity of Agriculture and Technology Kisii Kenya Institute of Animal Physiology and Biotechnology Research University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

This paper models the giraffe’s jugular veins as a uniform collapsible tube from a rigid skull. The equations governing one-dimensional steady flow through such a tube for various conditions have been developed. The effects of inertial and inclination angles that have not been discussed previously have been included. It has been shown that different flows for a uniform tube (vein) are possible. However, this flow matches that of a jugular vein which is supercritical, and the steady solution has been given by the balance between the driving forces of gravity and the viscous resistance to the flow at the right atrium of the heart must be sub-critical for a fixed right-atrium pressure which means that an elastic jump is required to return the flow to sub-critical from the supercritical flow upstream this type of relationship gives rise to flow limitation at the same time given any right atrium fixed pressure there exists a maximum flow rate which when exceeded the boundary conditions of the flow do not hold boundary conditions at the right atrium are not satisfied hence making the steady flow impossible this mechanism of flow limitation is slightly different from the other one in that causes airways through forced expiration from the observation made it is clearly shown that there is an intravascular pressure difference with a change in height.

关键词： Blood Flow Jugular Vein cross-sectional area Supercritical Subcritical Jump

Ultrasonographic reference values for assessing normal radial nerve ultrasonography in the normal population

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第20期9卷 1844-1849页

作者： Jun Chen Shan Wu Jun Ren Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College Lianshui County Hospital of Jiangsu Proviuce Pharmacology University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences Wyoming INBRE ProgramLaramieWYUSA

High-resolution ultrasound has been used recently to characterize median and ulnar nerves, but is seldom used to characterize radial nerves. The radial nerve is more frequently involved in en- trapment syndromes than the ulnar and median nerves. However, the reference standard for normal radial nerves has not been established. Thus, this study measured the cross-sectional areas of radial nerves of 200 healthy male or female volunteers, aged 18 to 75, using high-resolution ultrasound. The results showed that mean cross-sectional areas of radial nerves at 4 cm upon the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and mid-humerus （midpoint between the elbow crease and axilla） were 5.14± 1.24 and 5.08 ± 1.23 mm2, respectively. The age and the dominant side did not affect the results, but the above-mentioned cross-sectional areas were larger in males （5.31± 1.25 and 5.19 ±1.23 mm2） than in females （4.93 ± 1.21 and 4.93 ± 1.23 mm2, respectively）. In addition, the cross-sectional areas of radial nerves were positively correlated with height and weight （r = 0.38, 0.36, respectively, both P 〈 0.05）. These data provide basic clinical data for the use of high-resolution ultrasound for the future diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evalua- tion of peripheral neuropathies.

关键词： nerve regeneration high-resolution ultrasound radial nerve cross-sectional area peripheral nerve nerve lesion neural regeneration

Eff ects of early standardized enteral nutrition on preventing acute muscle loss in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with mechanical ventilation

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第3期14卷 193-197页

作者： Yue Li Yong-peng Xie Xiao-min Li Tao Lu School of International Pharmaceutical Business China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityLianyungang 222000China

BACKGROUND:To investigate the eff ects of early standardized enteral nutrition(EN)on the crosssectional area of erector spine muscle(ESMcsa),plasma growth diff erentiation factor-15(GDF-15),and 28-day mortality of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)patients with invasive mechanical ventilation(MV).METHODS:A total of 97 AECOPD patients with invasive MV were screened in the ICUs of the First People's Hospital of *** conventional EN group(stage Ⅰ)and early standardized EN group(stage Ⅱ)included 46 and 51 patients,*** loss and GDF-15 levels on days 1 and 7 of ICU admission and 28-day survival rates were ***:On day 7,the ESMcsa of the early standardized EN group was significantly higher than that of the conventional EN group,while the plasma GDF-15 levels were significantly lower than those in the conventional EN group(ESMcsa:28.426±6.130 cm^(2) vs.25.205±6.127 cm^(2);GDF-15:1661.608±558.820 pg/mL vs.2541.000±634.845 pg/mL;all P<0.001).The 28-day survival rates of the patients in the early standardized EN group and conventional EN group were 80.40%and 73.90%,respectively(P=0.406).CONCLUSION:ESMcsa loss in AECOPD patients with MV was correlated with GDF-15 levels,both of which indicated acute muscular atrophy and skeletal muscle *** standardized EN may prevent acute muscle loss and intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)in AECOPD patients.

关键词： Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Enteral nutrition cross-sectional area Erector spine muscle Growth diff erentiation factor-15 Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW) Prognosis

Effects of resistance training performed to repetition failure or non-failure on muscular strength and hypertrophy:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 202-211页

作者： Jozo Grgic Brad J.Schoenfeld John Orazem Filip Sabol Institute for Health and Sport(IHES) Victoria UniversityMelbourneVIC 3011Australia Department of Health Sciences Lehman CollegeBronxNY 10468USA School of Health Sciences Human Services and NursingLehman CollegeBronxNY 10468USA Fitness Academy Zagreb 10000Croatia Faculty of Kinesiology University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

Purpose:We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of training to muscle failure or non-failure on muscular strength and ***:Meta-analyses of effect sizes(ESs)explored the effects of training to failure ***-failure on strength and *** meta-analyses explored potential moderating effects of variables such as training status(trained ***),training volume(volume equated *** non-equated),body region(upper ***),exercise selection(***-joint exercises(only for strength)),and study design(independent *** groups).Results:Fifteen studies were included in the *** studies included young adults as ***-analysis indicated no significant difference between the training conditions for muscular strength(ES=-0.09,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-0.22 to 0.05)and for hypertrophy(ES=0.22,95%CI:-0.11 to 0.55).Subgroup analyses that stratified the studies according to body region,exercise selection,or study design showed no significant differences between training *** studies that did not equate training volume between the groups,the analysis showed significant favoring of non-failure training on strength gains(ES=-0.32,95%CI:-0.57 to-0.07).In the subgroup analysis for resistance-trained individuals,the analysis showed a significant effect of training to failure for muscle hypertrophy(ES=0.15,95%CI:0.03-0.26).Conclusion:Training to muscle failure does not seem to be required for gains in strength and muscle ***,training in this manner does not seem to have detrimental effects on these adaptations,*** studies should be conducted among older adults and highly trained individuals to improve the generalizability of these findings.

关键词： IRM cross-sectional area Data synthesis Muscle size

Physiological Responses to Agonist-Antagonist Superset Resistance Training

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第4期3卷 355-363页

作者： Julius Fink Brad Jon Schoenfeld Mikako Sakamaki-Sunaga Koichi Nakazato Department of Urology Graduate School of MedicineJuntendo University2-1-1HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8421Japan Department of Health Sciences Lehman CollegeBronxNYUSA Graduate Schools of Health and Sport Science Nippon Sport Science UniversityTokyoJapan

Purpose To investigate the physiological responses to low-load,superset resistance training(two exercises for the agonist and antagonist muscles performed without rest between exercises)to failure using elastic *** Twenty-three athletes were randomized to either a superset group(S,n=12,average age:19.8±1.5 years)or a traditional set group(T,n=11,average age:20.1±1.4 years).Strength,cross-sectional area(CSA)and muscular endurance of the biceps and triceps brachii were assessed before and after 8 *** responses(muscle thickness)were measured during one testing *** Muscle thickness of the biceps significantly increased in both T group(P0.05)or S group(P>0.05).Blood lactate also increased in both groups after one bout of training(T:from 1.3±0.3 to 5.5±2.4 mmol/L,S:from 1.4±0.5 to 5.1±1.5 mmol/L,P<0.05).After 8-week training,both groups showed significant increases in the biceps(T:13.2%±5.0%;S:12.9%±7.3%,P<0.05)and triceps(T:9.5%±9.3%,S:4.8%±4.1%,P<0.05)without differences between *** in one repetition maximum for the bench press(7.8%±6.5%,P<0.05)and maximal voluntary contraction for the arm extensors(9.3%±11.6%,P<0.05)were observed for the T group *** in muscular endurance were observed only in the S group for the bench press(26.0%±19.1%,P<0.05)and the barbell curl(17.2%±16.6%,P<0.05).Conclusions Superset training may enhance muscular endurance while attenuating maximal strength *** does not appear to be a hypertrophic benefit to performing superset training,but it may provide a time-efficient strategy to achieve adaptations in muscle mass.

关键词： Muscle hypertrophy Strength Endurance Thickness cross-sectional area

Comparison Thigh Skeletal Muscles between Snowboarding Halfpipe Athletes and Healthy Volunteers Using Quantitative Multi-Parameter Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Rest

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第9期131卷 1045-1050页

作者： He Sun Meng-Tao Xu Xiao-Qi Wang Meng-Hu Wang Bao-Heng Wang Feng-Zhe Wang Shi-Nong Pan Department of Radiology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning 110004 China Department of Radiology The fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning 110032 China Chinese Freestyle Skiing Aerials team General Administration of Sport Beijing 100050 China Affiliated Sports School Shenyang Sport University Shenyang Liaoning 110102 China Philips Healthcare Beijing 100600 China Snow Sports Center Shenyang Sport University Shenyang Liaoning 110102 China

Background：Magnetic resonance （MR） imaging provides a unique,noninvasive diagnostic platform to quantify the physiological and biochemical variables of skeletal muscle at *** study was to investigate the difference in thigh skeletal muscles between snowboarding halfpipe athletes and healthy volunteers via multiparametric MR ***：A comparative study was conducted between 12 healthy volunteers and 14 snowboarding halfpipe *** scanning targeted the left leg at the level of the proximal thigh on a 3.0T MR *** measured parameters compared between the two groups included T1,T2,T2＊ relaxation times,fat fraction （FF）,and cross-sectional area （CSA） of the quadriceps femoris and the hamstring *** analysis was carried out using independent sample *** reliability was also assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients （ICCs）.Results：It was statistically equivalent between two groups in age,body mass index,thigh circumference,calf circumference,systolic blood pressure,and resting heart rate （all P ＞ 0.05）.However,the T1 and T2 values of the hamstring muscles in the athlete group were found to be significantly shorter than those in control group （T1：1063.3 ± 24.1 ms vs.1112.0 ± 38.2 ms in biceps femoris,1050.4 ± 31.2 ms vs.1095.0 ± 39.5 ms in semitendinosus,1053.1 ± 31.7 ms vs.1118.4 ± 40.0 ms in semimembranosus,respectively;T2：33.4 ± 0.7 ms vs.36.1 ± 1.9 ms in biceps femoris,34.6 ± 2.0 ms vs.37.0 ± 1.9 ms in semitendinosus,36.9 ± 1.5 ms vs.38.9 ± 2.4 ms in semimembranosus,respectively;all P ＜ 0.05） although T2＊ relaxation time was detected with no significant *** FF of the hamstring muscles was obviously less than the control group （5.5 ± 1.9％ vs.10.7 ± 4.7％,P ＜ 0.001）.In addition,the quadriceps＇ CSA in the athlete group was substantially larger than the control group （8039.0 ± 1072.3 vs.6258.2 ± 852.0 mm2,P ＜ 0.001）.Interrater reliability was excellent （ICC：0.758-0.994）.Conclusion：Multiple MR imaging pa

关键词： cross-sectional area Fat Fraction Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxation Time

Quantification Threshold Pixel Technique of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Paraspinal Muscles Atrophy among Discopathy Patients

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2022年第2期12卷 48-66页

作者： Mahmoud Mousa Yasser Al Ajerami Khalid Abu Shab Mohammad Matar Marwan Matar Sadi Jaber Fouad S. Jaber Abdullah Abu Mousa Ahmad Jaber Ali Alhoubi Department of Radiology Gaza-European Hospital Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Medical Imaging Applied Medical Sciences Al-Azhar University Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Radiology Al Shifa medical Complex Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Radiology Nasser Medical Complex Gaza Strip Palestine Internal Medicine Department University of Missouri-Kansas City Missouri USA Department of Radiology Al Khair Charity Hospital Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Radiology Al Aqsa Martyrs Hospital Gaza Strip Palestine

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between lumbosacral discopathy status and paraspinal atrophic changes (cross-sectional area (CSA) and fatty infiltration (FI)) among different age groups. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 200 patients with confirmed discopathy who were examined by lumbosacral Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at the two main governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip. Using ImageJ software and quantification threshold technique, we measured the CSA and FI of paraspinal muscles {multifidus (MF) & erector spinae (ES)}. The interpretation of MRI images was performed by two radiologists with a good inter-observer agreement between the radiological discopathy findings. Results: The highest percentage and severity of discopathy were noticed at the level of L4/5 (89.5%), followed by L5/S1 (14.5%). The FI is increased towards lower levels of L3/4 to L5/S1. No correlation was found between discopathy level, the severity of discopathy, and CSA of MF & ES muscles. In contrast, a correlation was observed between FI of MF & ES muscles, discopathy level, and severity. Also, the results illustrated no significant relation was observed between CSA of MF & ES muscles and age groups (P > 0.05), while a significant correlation was reported between FI and age groups (P Conclusion: The MRI quantification threshold pixel technique for paraspinal muscles reflected the atrophic changes like CSA and FI in discopathy patients.

关键词： Paraspinal Muscles cross-sectional area Fatty Infiltration Multifidus Erector Spinae Discopathy

Facet orientation and tropism:Associations with asymmetric lumbar paraspinal and psoas muscle parameters in patients with chronic low back pain

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Facet orientation and tropism:Associations with asymmetric l...