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Rules of Pesticide Use for Food Crop Diseases and Pests: A Concise Diagram Based on correspondence analysis

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2022年第5期11卷 57-64,71页

作者： Xiaojie YANG Shaohua ZHANG Weizheng LI Huaisen XING Guohui YUAN College of Plant Protection Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China Henan Key Laboratory for Creation and Application of New Pesticides Zhengzhou 45002China

In order to ensure food security, the selection of pesticide must take into account the controlling effect and economy in the chemical control of food crop diseases and pests. Although China has registered a large number of pesticides and fungicides on food crops, traditional statistical methods cannot treat the complex relationships between crops, pests and diseases, as well as pesticides. To this end, the correspondence analysis was used to mine the data of pesticides being registered after January 1, 2010 for the prevention and control of pests and diseases on wheat, corn, and rice in China, in order to reveal the general rules of pesticide use for the prevention and control of grain crop pests and diseases and to provide scientifically recommended pesticide regimens.(1) Recommended pesticides for wheat diseases and pests: For underground pest control, phoxim, diazinon or clothianidin is recommended;imidacloprid is recommended for aphid control;avermectin is recommended for mite control;chlorpyrifos is recommended for midge control;the pesticides for rust control could be selected according to the order of epoxiconazole>flutriafol>kresoxim-methyl>cyproconazole≈hexaconazole;tebuconazole is recommended for the prevention and control of smut;difenoconazole is recommended for the simultaneous occurrence of take-all, smut and sheath blight;it is recommended to use carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl for the control of scab;and triazolone or pyraclostrobin is recommended for the control of powdery mildew.(2) Recommended pesticides for corn diseases and pests: For the control of underground pests, fipronil, carbosulfan or chlorpyrifos are recommended;thiamethoxam is recommended for control of planthoppers and corn aphids;Bacillus thuringiensis or phoxim is recommended for control of corn borers;pyraclostrobin is recommended for the control of northern leaf blight;tebuconazole is recommended for the control of head smut;and fludioxonil+metalaxyl-M is recommended for the co

关键词： Food crop Wheat Corn Rice Fungicide Pesticide correspondence analysis Pesticide use rules

Interpretation of Water Samples by correspondence analysis for Radioactive Elements in the Northern Coast of Oman Sea

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Journal of Metallic Material Research 2022年第1期5卷 25-31页

作者： Farshad Darabi-Golestan Mohamad Reza Zare Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Department of Physics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan81746-73441Iran

Oman Sea is connecting belt between the Indian Ocean and Persian *** it strategic and environmental aim,presence of natural radionuclide ^(226)Ra,^(232)Th,^(40)K and ^(137)Cs as man-made element is *** samples were taken from 36 marine spots at the coastal strip from Hormoz canyon to Goatr seaport in the northern coast of Oman *** analysis is used to identify variation and relationship between samples(Q-mood analysis)and variable(R-mood analysis)based on approximate χ^(2)*** elements(^(226)Ra,^(232)Th and^( 40)K),physical(temperature,pH,turbidity,conductivity,special density)and chemical(salinity,oxygen and chlorophyll)parameters of water for 36 samples handled by correspondence analysis,there are two outstanding result,(1)Radioactive elements show high correlation in factors by greater eigenvalue,and (2)some of the samples such as W13,W24 and rather W02,W05 and W12 show highest activity from Radioactive elements and also temperature and conductivity show nearest relation with them in many factors.

关键词： Hormoz canyon R-mood analysis correspondence analysis Radioactive elements Marine spot samples

Study on the Characteristics of Urban Air Pollution Based on correspondence analysis--A Case Study of Six Provincial Capitals in Central-south China

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2011年第8期2卷 86-88页

作者： WU Xu-xian PENG Xin-yu School of Economics and Commerce South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

[Objective] The aim was to study the characteristics of urban air pollution on the basis of correspondence analysis.[Method] By using the correlated data from China Statistical Yearbook in 2010,a correspondence analysis on the air pollution indicators(like respirable particles,SO2 and NO2) of six provincial capitals in central-south China was carried out by means of SPSS software,and the characteristics of air pollution in the cities of China during different industrialization stages were summarized further.[Result] In the cities during early industrialization(like Nanning City and Guiyang City) and mineral resource-based cities(like Taiyuan City),the air was mainly polluted by SO2;for the cities in the middle industrialization(such as Changsha City,Wuhan City,Zhengzhou City and Chengdu City),the air was polluted by respirable particles chiefly;in the cities in late industrialization(like Guangzhou City and Shenzhen City) or completing industrialization(like Shanghai City),the air was mainly polluted by NO2;for the cities in pre-industrial stage(like Haikou City and Lhasa City),the characteristic of air pollution wasn’t obvious.[Conclusion] The study could provide references for the control of urban air pollution in China in the further.

关键词： correspondence analysis Air pollution Central-south China Provincial capitals China

Factors Influencing the Synonymous Codon and Amino Acid Usage Bias in AT-rich Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phage PhiKZ

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2005年第9期37卷 625-633页

作者： K.SAU~3 S.SAU~2 S.C.MANDAL~(3*) T.C.GHOSH~(1*) 1 Bioinformatics Centre,2 Department of Biochemistry,Bose Institute,P1/12-CIT Scheme ⅦM,Calcutta 700054,India 3 Department of Mathematics,Jadavpur University,Calcutta 700032,India Department of Mathematics Jadavpur University Calcutta 700 032 India.

To reveal how the AT-rich genome of bacteriophage PhiKZ has been shaped in order to carryout its growth in the GC-rich host Pseudomonas aeruginosa,synonymous codon and amino acid usage bias ofPhiKZ was investigated and the data were compared with that of *** was found that synonymouscodon and amino acid usage of PhiKZ was distinct from that of *** contrast to ***,the third codon position of the synonymous codons of PhiKZ carries mostly A or T base;codon usage biasin PhiKZ is dictated mainly by mutational bias and,to a lesser extent,by translational selection.A clusteranalysis of the relative synonymous codon usage values of 16 myoviruses including PhiKZ shows that PhiKZis evolutionary much closer to Escherickia coli phage *** analysis reveals that the three factors ofmean molecular weight,aromaticity and cysteine content are mostly responsible for the variation of aminoacid usage in PhiKZ proteins,whereas amino acid usage of *** proteins is mainly governed bygrand average of hydropathicity,aromaticity and cysteine *** on these observations,we suggestthat codons of the phage-like PhiKZ have evolved to preferentially incorporate the smaller amino acid residuesinto their proteins during translation,thereby economizing the cost of its development in GC-rich ***.

关键词： relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) correspondence analysis amino acid usage bacteriophage PhiKZ

Seasonal microbial community shift in a saline sewage treatment plant

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第1期5卷 40-47页

作者： Qingmei YAN Xuxiang ZHANG Tong ZHANG Herbert H P FANG Environmental Biotechnology Lab Department of Civil EngineeringThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Activated sludge was monthly sampled from a saline sewage treatment plant of Hong Kong(China)during June 2007 to May 2008 to analyze the microbial community shift along with environmental variations using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction amplified 16S rDNA *** changes resulted into a seasonal microbial community shift characterized by alterations in species number and abundance in the sewage treatment *** analysis and cluster analysis on community structure profile showed that the 12 monthly samples fell into four groups,which is in accordance with season changing in Hong *** correspondence analysis revealed that PO_(4)^(3-)-P and NH_(4)^(+)-N posed more significant effects on community structure than total phosphorus and total nitrogen,*** with sludge retention time,influent total phosphorus had an inverse effect on the community structure shift,and chemical oxygen demand and NH_(4)^(+)-N showed a similar *** of this study may contribute to the development of new knowledge involving the microbial community shift in sewage treatment plants.

关键词： sewage treatment plants polymerase chain reaction(PCR) denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) canonical correspondence analysis correspondence analysis

Classifying forest inventory data into species-based forest community types at broad extents： exploring tradeoffs among supervised and unsupervised approaches

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第1期5卷 91-107页

作者： jennifer k.costanza don faber-langendoen john w.coulston david n.wear Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North C arolina State University3041 Cornwalis RdResearch Triangle ParkRaleighNC 27709USA NatureServe 4600 N.Fairfax Dr7th FloorArlingtonVA 22203USA Southern Research Station USDA Forest ServiceBlacksburgVAUSA Southern Research Station USDA Forest ServiceRaleighNCUSA

Background： Knowledge of the different kinds of tree communities that currently exist can provide a baseline for assessing the ecological attributes of forests and monitoring future changes. Forest inventory data can facilitate the development of this baseline knowledge across broad extents, but they first must be classified into forest community types. Here, we compared three alternative classifications across the United States using data from over 117,000 U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and analysis （FIA） plots. Methods： Each plot had three forest community type labels：（1）＂FIA＂ types were assigned by the FIA program using a supervised method; （2）＂USNVC＂ types were assigned via a key based on the U.S. National Vegetation Classification; （3）＂empirical＂ types resulted from unsupervised clustering of tree species information. We assessed the degree to which analog classes occurred among classifications, compared indicator species values, and used random forest models to determine how well the classifications could be predicted using environmental variables. Results： The classifications generated groups of classes that had broadly similar distributions, but often there was no one-to-one analog across the classifications. The Iongleaf pine forest community type stood out as the exception： it was the only class with strong analogs across all classifications. Analogs were most lacking for forest community types with species that occurred across a range of geographic and environmental conditions, such as Ioblolly pine types, indicator species metrics were generally high for the USNVC, suggesting that LJSNVC classes are floristically well-defined. The empirical classification was best predicted by environmental variables. The most important predictors differed slightly but were broadly similar across all classifications, and included slope, amount of forest in the surrounding landscape, average minimum temperature, and other climate variab

关键词： Big data correspondence analysis Dominant species Forest communities Global change,Hierarchical classification Indicator species Random forests Species assemblages

Regional management and biodiversity conservation in GIAHS:text analysis of municipal strategy and tourism management

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2019年第1期5卷 124-132,I0019页

作者： Ryo Kohsaka Hikaru Matsuoka Yuta Uchiyama Marie Rogel Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan

Purpose of the research:To identify the gaps between the rhetoric and reality of the role of citizen participation and its role in maintenance and monitoring of heritages and resources(including biodiversity monitoring),we analyzed the discourse of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System(GIAHS)at municipality ***:As an analytical framework,text mining is applied to interviews of officers at the municipal level of GIAHS in Noto which was amongst the first sites in *** identification of such gap is critical for sustainability and to prevent conflicts from tourism,agriculture or ***:The results reveal that(1)there is a gap between the official goals of that designation at the international level and local needs,(2)role of citizens is emphasized in the applications and action plans at rhetorical level but remain rather limited in practice and that(3)municipalities composing the GIAHS often have different priorities,even within the very same GIAHS sites,some municipalities even calling themselves“just a transition point to other destination municipalities.”Conclusions:It is critical for municipal officers to collaborate with various stakeholders,especially *** such,citizen science is a bottom-up approach to promote biodiversity conservation and facilitate GIAHS managements.

关键词： Municipality global institution GIAHS text mining co-occurrence analysis correspondence analysis

analysis of Synonymous Codon Usage Bias in 09H1N1

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Virologica Sinica 2010年第5期25卷 329-340页

作者： Zhen-peng LI De-quan YING Peng LI Fei LI Xiao-chen BO Sheng-qi WANG Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine Beijing 100850 China

A novel subtype of influenza A virus 09H1N1 has rapidly spread across the world. Evolutionary analyses of this virus have revealed that 09H1N1 is a triple reassortant of segments from swine, avian and human influenza viruses. In this study, we investigated factors shaping the codon usage bias of 09H1N1 and carried out cluster analysis of 60 strains of influenza A virus from different subtypes based on their codon usage bias. We discovered that more preferentially used codons of 09H1N1 are A-ended or U-ended, and the intra-genomic codon usage bias of 09H1N1 is quite low. Base composition constraint, dinucleotide biases and translational selection are the main factors influencing the codon usage bias of 09H1N1. At the genome level, we find that the codon usage bias of 09H1N1 is similar to H1N1 (A/swine/Kansas/77778/2007H1N1), H9N2 from Asia, H1N2 from Asia and North America and H3N2 from North America. Our results provide insight for understanding the processes governing evolution, regulation of gene expression, and revealing the evolution of 09H1N1.

关键词： 09H1N1 correspondence analysis Codon usage bias

Evaluation of Cross-Strait Public Library Website

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2006年第5期11卷 1202-1208页

作者： JIANG Yimin HU Lan YANG Zhifeng YAN Guanxiang SHEN Xiangxing School of Information Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072 Hubei China

In recent years, many evaluations on Web sites have been conducted, and relevant researches have also been carried out in academic circle. This paper introduces an innovative method called correspondence analysis to evaluate public library Websites from five aspects-traffic, visit, connectivity, speed and page views. Some suggestions based on the result of evaluation are given in this paper with an expectation to promote the construction and development of public library Websites.

关键词： public library correspondence analysis Website evaluation