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Applying a modified conduit flow process to understand conduit-matrix exchange of a karst aquifer

China Geology 2022年第1期5卷 26-33页

作者： Liang-jie Zhao Yang Yang Jian-wen Cao Zhe Wang Song Luan Ri-yuan Xia Institute of Karst Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesGuilin 541004China

Due to the high heterogeneity and complexity of water flow movement for multiple karst water-bearing mediums,the evaluation,effective development,and utilization of karst water resources are significantly limited.Matrix flow is usually laminar,whereas conduit flow is usually turbulent.The driving mechanisms of water exchange that occur between the karst conduit and its adjacent matrix are not well understood.This paper investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics and the mechanism of flow exchange in dual water-bearing mediums(conduit and matrix)of karst aquifers through laboratory experimentation and numerical simulation.A karst aquifer consisting of a matrix network and a conduit was proposed,and the relationship between the water exchange flux and hydraulic head differences generated from the laboratory experiments was analyzed.Two modes of experimental tests were performed with different fixed water level boundaries in the laboratory karst aquifer.The results indicate that the water exchange capacity was proportional to the square root of hydraulic head differences.The linear exchange term in the conduit flow process(CFP)source program was modified according to experimental results.The modified CFP and the original CFP model experimental data results were compared,and it was found that the modified CFP model had better fitting effects.These results showed that the water exchange mechanism between conduit and matrix is very important for solid-liquid interface reaction,water resource evaluation,and understanding of karst hydrodynamic behavior.

关键词： conduit Matrix conduit flow process(CFP)model Karst aquifer Laboratory experiment Water exchange Hydrogelogical survey engineering

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Surgical outcome after complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve: comparison between bovine jugular vein-valved conduit and monocusp-valve patch

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第5期14卷 510-519页

作者： En-Shi Wang Xue-Song Fan Li Xiang Shou-Jun Li Hao Zhang Center for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China Department of Clinical Laboratory Center Beijing An Zhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HeartLung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing 100029China

Background The prognosis of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve (TOF/APV) without operation is poor. We evaluated the surgical outcome of TOF/APV in a single center. Methods Twenty-two TOF/APV patients underwent complete surgical correction in our hospital. Right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction was performed using bovine jugular vein (BJV)-valved conduit implantation (n=10), homograft-valved conduit implantation (n=2), or monocusp-valve patch (n=10). Health-related quality of life (QOL) was evaluated during follow-up. Results The overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 86.4±7.3% (confidence interval 69.4–97.2%). The survival rates were significantly different between patients with and without bronchial stenosis (40 and 100%, P=0.0003, log-rank test). The survival of patients aged>6 months was higher than those≤6 months (100 vs. 40%, P=0.0003, log-rank test). Patients with BJV-valved conduits had higher systolic gradients from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery (RV–PA) compared to those with monocusp-valve patches. BJV-valved conduit implantation was a risk factor for post-operative pulmonary-valve stenosis. The QOL score for patients with BJV-valved conduits was lower than those with monocusp-valve patches (Pconduit was a main reason for RV–PA restenosis;thus, the use of a BJV-valved conduit may increase the need for repeat intervention and decrease the post-operative quality of life.

关键词： Bovine jugular vein-valved conduit Bronchial stenosis Pulmonary stenosis Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve

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The Study of Nerve conduit with Biocompatibility and Electrical Stimulation Effect

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2018年第6期33卷 1530-1539页

作者：郭兴蕾刘刚 HE Qundi 徐海星 YU Yunxuan KE Changsheng MING Xiaofei ZHAO Meng WANG Xiaobin HUANG Zhijun 许沛虎 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering School of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Life SciencesWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Department of Pharmacy Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Wuhan Mafangshan Middle School Wuhan 430070China Wuhan Kanghua Century Pharmaceutical Company Wuhan 430070China

Conductive polymers show great promise because of their electrical property based on bioelectricity in vivo. In order to search electro-activity materials which insure abduction of tissue, we synthesized conductive nerve conduits with poly-dl-lactic-acid(PDLLA) and tetra-aniline(TA). Preparation technology of TA was optimized, and the properties of the conduit were studied. RSC96 cell were used to investigate the toxicity and electrical stimulation effect. SD rats were used to assess biocompatibility in vivo. The results showed that the reaction ratio of 1:1, the reaction time of 2 h and the HCl concentration of 2 mol/L were the optimum conditions for synthesis of TA. The influence of TA content on the mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, conductivity and microstructure of the nerve conduit was evaluated. Cell and histocompatibility study showed PDLLA/TA possessed good biocompatibility. These results showed it had application values in tissue projects.

关键词： nerve injury polymer poly-dl-lactic-acid tetra-aniline conduit

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Vascular calcification does not predict anastomotic leak or conduit necrosis following oesophagectomy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2019年第7期11卷 308-321页

作者： Benjamin J Jefferies Emily Evans James Bundred James Hodson John L Whiting Colm Forde Ewen A Griffiths College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B15 2TTUnited Kingdom Department of Radiology University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B15 2WBUnited Kingdom Institute of Translational Medicine University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B15 2TTUnited Kingdom Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B15 2THUnited Kingdom Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B15 2TTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Anastomotic leaks(AL)and gastric conduit necrosis(CN)are serious complications following oesophagectomy.Some studies have suggested that vascular calcification may be associated with an increased AL rate,but this has not been validated in a United Kingdom population.AIM To investigate whether vascular calcification identified on the pre-operative computed tomography(CT)scan is predictive of AL or CN.METHODS Routine pre-operative CT scans of 414 patients who underwent oesophagectomy for malignancy with oesophagogastric anastomosis at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham between 2006 and 2018 were retrospectively analysed.Calcification of the proximal aorta,distal aorta,coeliac trunk and branches of the coeliac trunk was scored by two reviewers.The relationship between these calcification scores and occurrence of AL and CN was then analysed.The Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group definition of AL and CN was used.RESULTS Complication data were available in n=411 patients,of whom 16.7%developed either AL(15.8%)or CN(3.4%).Rates of AL were significantly higher in female patients,at 23.0%,compared to 13.9%in males(P=0.047).CN was significantly more common in females,(8.0%vs 2.2%,P=0.014),patients with diabetes(10.6%vs 2.5%,P=0.014),a history of smoking(10.3%vs 2.3%,P=0.008),and a higher American Society of Anaesthesiologists grade(P=0.024).Out of the 14 conduit necroses,only 4 occurred without a concomitant AL.No statistically significant association was found between calcification of any of the vessels studied and either of these outcomes.Multivariable analyses were then performed to identify whether a combination of the calcification scores could be identified that would be significantly predictive of any of the outcomes.However,the stepwise approach did not select any factors for inclusion in the final models.The analysis was repeated for composite outcomes of those patients with either AL or CN(n=69,16.7%)and for those with both AL and CN(n=10,2.4%)and again,no significant associations were de

关键词： Oesophagectomy Anastomotic leak Gastric conduit necrosis Calcification Computed tomography Ischaemia

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Radial Compressive Property of Nerve Regeneration conduit with PGLA Biodegradable Fibers

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2013年第5期30卷 386-388页

作者：宋伟平张佩华王文祖 Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology Ministry of EducationDonghua University College of Textiles Donghua University

Radial compressive property greatly influences nerve regeneration and functional recovery. In this study,four types of braided bioabsorbable nerve regeneration conduits made from poly(glycolide-co-L-lactide)(PGLA) were produced. The aim is to test the radial compressive force and elastic recovery ratio of nerve regeneration conduits. The results indicated that radial compressive force was closely related to the inner diameter and length of tubes and elastic recovery ratio was nearly unaffected by these two factors.

关键词： nerve regeneration conduit bioabsorbable poly(glycolideco-L-lactide)(PG LA) radial compressive force elastic recovery ratio

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Cross influence of discharge and circulation on head loss of conduit of pump system with low head

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第12期33卷 1533-1544页

作者：陆伟刚董雷王兆飞陆林广 College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou University

The relationship between the head loss and the discharge and circulation of the conduit of a pump system with low head is an important problem with an obvious influence on the improvement of its hydraulic performance. The velocity circulation from the pump guide vane makes the relationship more complicated, which has to be understood comprehensively. The results indicate that, under the condition of zero circulation, the head loss of the inlet and outlet conduits is in proportion to the square of discharge. Under the condition that the Reynolds number is satisfied with the resistant square area, the conduit loss is in proportion to the square of discharge for the similar working points with different speeds in a certain rotational speed range, indicating that the pump system efficiency is constant. The outlet conduit loss of design discharge for a pump system with low head depends on the velocity circulation from the guide vane exit, and the relationship between the loss and the circulation is an open curve with an upward direction, meaning that there is an optimal circulation for the loss. Under the condition of various working points for a pump system with low head, the head loss of the outlet conduit is under the cross influence of both the discharge and the circulation. As a result, the relationship between the head loss and the discharge is almost linear, and the mechanism needs to be further studied.

关键词： discharge circulation low head pump system conduit head loss

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Ileal conduit stomal variceal bleeding managed by endovascular embolization

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 8156-8159页

作者： Deng-Hua Yao Xue-Feng Luo Biao Zhou Xiao Li Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institution of Intervention Radiology West China Hospital Sichuan University

Ileal conduit stomal varices are rare,and may result in bleeding.The standard treatment modality for management of this type of hemorrhage has not been established.We present the case of a 70-year-old woman with progressive ileal conduit stomal variceal bleeding which was successfully managed by endovascular embolization via the transjugular transhepatic approach.In conclusion,transjugular transhepatic endovascular embolization is a good choice in patients with ileal conduit stomal variceal bleeding who have failed conservative therapy.

关键词： Ectopic variceal bleeding Ileal conduit Stomal bleeding Cirrhosis Hemostasis Transjugular transhepatic embolization

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Recurrent cervical esophageal stenosis after colon conduit failure:Use of myocutaneous flap

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期19卷 307-310页

作者： Young Jo Sa Young Du Kim Chi Kyung Kim Jong Kyung Park Seok Whan Moon Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery St.Paul HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 130-709South Korea Department of General Surgery St.Paul HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 130-709South Korea

A 53-year-old male developed cervical esophageal stenosis after esophageal bypass surgery using a right colon conduit.The esophageal bypass surgery was performed to treat multiple esophageal strictures resulting from corrosive ingestion three years prior to presentation.Although the patient underwent several endoscopic stricture dilatations after surgery,he continued to suffer from recurrent esophageal stenosis.We planned cervical patch esophagoplasty with a pedicled skin flap of sternocleidomastoid(SCM) muscle.Postoperative recovery was successful,and the patient could eat a solid meal without difficulty and has been well for 18 mo.SCM flap esophagoplasty is an easier and safer method of managing complicated and recurrent cervical esophageal strictures than other operations.

关键词： Cervical esophageal stenosis Corrosive stricture Esophagus Esophageal conduit Esophagoplasty Myocutaneous flap Surgery

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基于conduit平台开发图书馆工具条

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现代图书情报技术 2010年第3期 86-89页

作者：李明伍西华大学图书馆成都610039

介绍基于conduit开发图书馆工具条的过程和方法,较好地实现用户常用网络功能和图书馆服务的最小最优化整合,以期更多图书馆利用conduit将图书馆的资源和服务集成到用户现有的浏览习惯和信息检索的工作流程中。

关键词：图书馆工具条 conduit 用户服务

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Gastric conduit perforation

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第8期2卷 398-401页

作者： Nilesh Patil Arvind Kaushal Amit Jain Sundeep Singh Saluja Pramod Kumar Mishra Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Academic BlockGB Pant Hospital and Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110002India

As patients with carcinoma of the esophagus live longer, complications associated with the use of a gastric conduit are increasing. Ulcers form in the gastric conduit in 6.6% to 19.4% of patients. There are a few reports of perforation of a gastric conduit in the English literature. Almost all of these were associated with serious complications. We report a patient who developed a tension pneumothorax consequent to spontaneous perforation of an ulcer in the gastric conduit 7 years after the index surgery in a patient with carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction. He responded well to conservative management. Complications related to a gastric conduit can be because of multiple factors. Periodic endoscopic surveillance of gastric conduits should be considered as these are at a higher risk of ulcer formation than a normal stomach. Long term treatment with proton pump inhibitors may decrease complications. There are no guidelines for the treatment of a perforated gastric conduit ulcer and the management should be individualized.

关键词： Gastric conduit Ulcer formation Perforation Carcinoma of the esophagus Proton pump inhibitors

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