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A new method for face detection in colour images for emotional bio-robots

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中国科学：技术科学英文版 2010年第11期53卷 2983-2988页

作者： HAPESHI Kevin Computing Department University of Gloucestershire

Emotional bio-robots have become a hot research topic in last two decades. Though there have been some progress in research, design and development of various emotional bio-robots, few of them can be used in practical applications. The study of emotional bio-robots demands multi-disciplinary co-operation. It involves computer science, artificial intelligence, 3D computation, engineering system modelling, analysis and simulation, bionics engineering, automatic control, image processing and pattern recognition etc. Among them, face detection belongs to image processing and pattern recognition. An emotional robot must have the ability to recognize various objects, particularly, it is very important for a bio-robot to be able to recognize human faces from an image. In this paper, a face detection method is proposed for identifying any human faces in colour images using human skin model and eye detection method. Firstly, this method can be used to detect skin regions from the input colour image after normalizing its luminance. Then, all face candidates are identified using an eye detection method. Comparing with existing algorithms, this method only relies on the colour and geometrical data of human face rather than using training datasets. From experimental results, it is shown that this method is effective and fast and it can be applied to the development of an emotional bio-robot with further improvements of its speed and accuracy.

关键词： face detection skin colour model eye detection bio-robots

Image processing analysis to track colour changes on apple and correlate to moisture content in drying stages

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Food Quality and Safety 2018年第2期2卷 105-110页

作者： Ganesh C.Bora Rohit Pathak Mojtaba Ahmadi Purbasha Mistry Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippiUSA Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering North Dakota State UniversityFargoNorth DakotaUSA

colour and moisture content are two most important attributes of the commercial food product.Estimation of moisture content is very important to know the storability of the food product.It also relates to the process of drying in a fruit or vegetable.Extra drying and shrinkage deteriorates the quality of food product.The goal of the experiment was to examine the changes in RGB values of an apple during drying at different temperatures.In this study,emphasis was given on how the colour changes when there is a significant change in the moisture content of the apple.Three randomly chosen varieties of apples were sliced to 8 mm thickness and dried in vacuum oven at 60°C,70°C,and 80°C.The loss of moisture was recorded for every 30 min interval and corresponding digital images were taken to determine the change in RGB value.The images that were captured during the study was analysed in MATLAB image analysis computer software.The analysis of moisture content and average colour share with respect to time showed that average colour share value decreases with time at all three temperatures.More than 50 per cent of variation in moisture content was explained by average colour share.There is a significant linear relationship between moisture content and colour changes in RGB and can be used to predict the moisture content of apple during drying process.

关键词： image processing colour moisture content apple drying temperature

Analysis of Students’ Preferences and Engagement with Mobile Games: A Study of Game Assets and colour Impact

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2023年第12期13卷 2211-2222页

作者： Venance Saho Zoh Tiémoman Koné Yao Konan Informatique et Sciences du Numérique Université Virtuelle de C&#244te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Mobile games are gaining in popularity among students, although the factors driving engagement remain poorly understood. This study, conducted among 378 students studying for a Bachelor’s degree in Computer and Digital Sciences at the Université Virtuelle de Côte d’Ivoire, explores the influence of game assets and colours on player engagement. Using an online questionnaire, the study identified students’ gaming preferences and their perception of colours. The results show that the key elements most favoured by students are graphics, sound design, the game system, narrative, interactivity and accessibility. What’s more, colour plays a decisive role in their preferences and commitment to educational mobile games.

关键词： Engagement Game Assets colour Mobile Games

Response of colour and hygroscopic properties of Scots pine wood to thermal treatment

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 571-575页

作者： Vasiliki Kamperidou Ioannis Barboutis Vasileios Vasileiou Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Faculty of Forestry and Natural Environment Laboratory of Wood Products and Furniture Technology54124 Thessaloniki Greece

The effect of heat treatment on the surface colour and hygro- scopic properties of pine wood were investigated in this study. Boards of Scots pine wood （Pinus sylvestris L.） were subjected to thermal treatment at 200℃, for 4, 6, and 8 h. The change of equilibrium moisture content and density values of the specimens in order to facilitate the understand- ing of the treated material behavior. The colour parameters L＊ a＊ and b＊, used to depict the total colour change （dE） of wood surface, were shown to change proportionally to the treatment intensity. Moreover, swelling in the tangential and radial directions and absorption of the specimens ap- peared to be enhanced in great extent by the thermal treatment process. The mean value of swelling percentage in the tangential direction de- creased 10.26%, 17.22%, and 19.60% for specimens treated for 4, 6, and 8 h, respectively, referring to the final measurement after 72 h of immer- sion. In radial direction, mean value of swelling percentage decreased 19.56%, 32.75%, and 34.65% for treated for 4, 6 and 8 h, respectively, after 72 h immersion, which attests the decrease in swelling and im- provement in the hygroscopic behavior of Scots pine wood.

关键词： colour Hygroscopic properties Modification Thermaltreatment Scots pine

Research on reality map colour design computer model

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Science China Chemistry 1995年第3期38卷 377-384页

作者：刘书楼陈宝雯刘天舒施祖辉卢峰韩培军刘冰 Institute of Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Commussios for integrated Survey of natural Rsources Chinese Acabemy of SciencesBeijing 100101

Through the crucial techniques and technical difficulties of the research on reality map colour design computer model (RMCDCM), based on the principle of chromatics and the experimental analysis, a new model about the transformation between CMY ink printing and RGB screen colours and RMCDCM is set up In the chromatics, there is a general concept that the range of RGB screen colours is larger than that of printing colours. The concept is exactly explained. It not only accounts for the erroneous phenomena from the theory which are produced when CRT monitor, PAL and NTSC models reproduce printing colour standards, but also solves the technical problems from the methodology which long exist in the research for screen reproduction and printing restoration of printing colour standards. A theoretical basis is provided.

关键词： printing colour standards screen reproduction printing restoration.

Preliminary nitrite, nitrate and colour analysis of Malaysian edible bird’s nest

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2015年第1期2卷 1-5页

作者： Meei Chien Quek Nyuk Ling Chin Yus Aniza Yusof Sheau Wei Tan Chung Lim Law Department of Process and Food Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics Institute of BioscienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamMalaysia CampusJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangorMalaysia

The high nitrite content in edible bird’s nests is a major concern to the local swiftlet industry.It lowers the price of the edible bird’s nests and it brings severe health hazards to consumers and farmers.This research investigated the nitrite and nitrate contents of eight types of local edible bird’s nests by using ion chromatography system and evaluating its colour using the CIE system in L^*a^*b^*parameters.The nitrite content obtained ranged from 5.7 lg/g for the house nests to 843.8 lg/g for the cave nests.The nitrate content for the house and cave nests was 98.2 lg/g and 36,999.4 lg/g,respectively.The cave nests with darker and redder colour had higher nitrite and nitrate contents than the brighter and more yellow house nests.This likely suggests that the nitrite and nitrate contents have correlations with edible bird’s nests colour.Correlations studies suggested that the nitrite content had high correlations with colour parameters,L^*a^*b^*of edible bird’s nests at significant level of Pcolour may be a useful indicator for measuring nitrite and nitrate contaminations.

关键词： Nitrite Nitrate colour Ion chromatography Edible bird’s nest

Cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii mushroom strains onagro-industrial residues in solid-state fermentation. Part II: Effect onproductivity and quality of carposomes

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2022年第1期5卷 52-60页

作者： Eirini-Maria Melanouri Marianna Dedousi Panagiota Diamantopoulou Laboratory of Edible Fungi Institute of Technology of Agricultural ProductsHellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter1 S.Venizelou Street14123 LykovrysiAttiki Greece

The potential of selected Pleurotus ostreatus and P. eryngii wild-type and commercial strains to colonize andproduce carposomes after solid-state fermentation of five substrates constituted of agro-residues namely wheatstraw (WS), beech wood shavings (BWS), coffee residue (CR), barley and oats straw (BOS), rice bark (RB),supplemented with wheat bran was investigated. The effect of substrate composition on bioprocess feasibilitywas assessed for the different strains by quantitative (i.e., mushroom yield and Biological Efficiency-BE %) andcarposome qualitative parameters (i.e., weight, size, colour, firmness). P. ostreatus strains produced carposomesearlier than P. eryngii ones. Early fruiting formation was promoted in WS for P. ostreatus strains, whereas forP. eryngii the lowest values of earliness were observed on BOS substrate. As for crop productivity, P. ostreatusstrain AMRL 150 provided the highest BE (>70%) in all substrates except for RB, while P. ostreatus strain AMRL144 achieved the highest yield and BE in BOS and BWS (75.30 and 64.26%, respectively). P. eryngii stainsproduced less number but heavier carposomes. The highest values of BE% for these strains were recorded on WSand BOS substrates. The BE was further correlated to growth parameters of fungal vegetative phase. As formushroom colour, P. ostreatus were lighter than P. eryngii and BOS substrate promoted lightness in both strains.Firmer P. ostreatus mushrooms were produced at CR. No differences in the whiteness and firmness were detectedamong P. eryngii mushrooms and at any substrate used. The data included in this paper showed that Pleurotusmushrooms can be cultivated on low- or zero-value agro-industrial residues of great financial and environmentalimportance towards the production of value-added food products.

关键词： Oyster mushrooms Biological efficiency Carposomes Pileus Stipe colour Texture

Fine-mapping and validation of the genomic region underpinning pear red skin colour

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1607-1613页

作者： Satish Kumar Chris Kirk Cecilia Hong Deng Claudia Wiedow Mengfan Qin Richard Espley Jun Wu Lester Brewer The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Hawkes Bay Research CentreHavelock NorthNew Zealand The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Palmerston North Research CentrePalmerston NorthNew Zealand The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Mount Albert Research CentreAucklandNew Zealand Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research Nanjing Agricultural University210095 NanjingChina The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Motueka Research CentreMotuekaNew Zealand

Red skin colour is an important target trait in various pear breeding programmes.In this study,the genetic control of red skin colour was investigated in an interspecific population derived using the descendants of the red sport European pear cultivar‘Max Red Bartlett’(MRB)and the red-blushed Chinese pear cultivar‘Huobali’.Approximately 550 seedlings from nine families were phenotyped for red skin over-colour coverage(Ocolcov)and the intensity of red over-colour(Ocolint)on a 0–9 scale,and genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing.Genome-wide association analyses were conducted using 7500 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).Genomic regions on linkage groups(LG)4 and 5 were found to be associated,and the best SNP(S578_25116)on LG4 accounted for~15%of phenotypic variation in Ocolcov and Ocolint.The association of S578_25116 with Ocolcov and Ocolint was successfully validated in a sample of~200 European and Asian pear accessions.The association with red skin at locus S578_25116 was not present in Asian pear accessions,suggesting its close proximity to the MRB’s Cardinal gene.Several putative candidate genes,including MYB transcription factors(PCP027962 and PCP027967),were identified in the quantitative trait locus region on LG4 and await functional validation.

关键词： cultivar breeding colour

colour SYSTEMS OF MIXED POLYNUCLEAR COMPLEXES OF LANTHANUM-2,7-BISAZOCHROMOTROPIC ACID DYES-ZINC-O-PHENANTHROLINE

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1990年第17期35卷 1440-1445页

作者：沈含熙凌蓉 Department of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 PRC

In the preceding work we discussed the formation of mixed polynuclear complexes (MPC) of rare earth-arsenazo Ⅲ-copper-o-phenanthroline. This note reports the action rule of various 2, 7-bisazochromotropic acid dyes with different structures in this kind of colour reactions. The experiments showed that only those symmetric 2, 7-bisazochromotropic

关键词： colour system mixed polynuclear complex lanthanum determination spectrophotometry 2 7-bisazochromotropic acid dyes o-phenanthroline.