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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 188-190页

作者： Shiho Ito Takeshi Kawauchi Department of Adaptive and Maladaptive Responses in Health and Disease Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan Department of Physiology Keio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan

Cell adhesion plays pivotal roles in the morphogenesis of multicellular *** cells form several types of cell-to-cell adhesion,including zonula occludens(tight junctions),zonula adhaerens(adherens junctions),and macula adhaerens(desmosomes).Although these adhesion complexes are basically observed only in epithelial cells,cadherins,which are the major cell adhesion molecules of adherens junctions,are expressed in both epithelial and non-epithelial tissues,including neural tissues(Kawauchi,2012).The cadherin superfamily consists of more than 100 members,but classic cadherins.

关键词： cerebral skeletal cooperation

Revisiting cerebral endothelial cells in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2911-2912页

作者： Amira S.Hanafy Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital BonnBonnGermany

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by slow and progressive decline of cognitive and memory *** only approximately 5%of the cases,AD is familial,as often predisposed by genetic mutations(Hoogmartens et al.,2021),while sporadic AD accounts for approximately 95%of the *** amyloid cascade hypothesis is one of the fundamental hypotheses put out to explain AD pathogenesis as dysregulated homeostasis of amyloid-β(Aβ)peptides that leads to the accumulation of Aβplaques in the parenchyma,an anatomical hallmark of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ cerebral

cerebral BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM EVALUATION IN COMATOSE PATIENTS BY DYNAMIC SPECT

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 1993年第1期4卷 33-38页

作者： AlessandroGiordano MariaLuciaCalcagni FrancescoDellaCorte MarianoAlbertoPennisi Guido Galli 王凤琴赵惠杨 Institute of Nuclear Medicine Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care of the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Roma Italy Zhongshan Hospital Shanghai Medical University Shanghai 200032 China

Thirty patients in coma state underwent dynamic SPECT with 133Xe, a validated technique for the quantitation of CBF by SPECT, using a new brain dedicated tomograph: CERTO-96. CMRO2 was computed by multiplying the mean CBF by AVDO2 according to the Fick’s principle. The mean values of CBF, AVDO2 and CMRO2 in patients with good outcome were significantly different from those with worse outcome. On the basis of the best "discriminant threshold", CBF and AVDO2 demonstrated an intermediate accuracy in separating the two groups, while CMRO2 showed a satisfactory accuracy.

关键词： Dynamic SPECT cerebral blood flow cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen Comatose patients

cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor promotes the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in hypoxic environments

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2057-2062页

作者： Chao-Qun Lin Lu-Kui Chen School of Medicine Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Cancer CenterIntegrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Previous research found that cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor(CDNF)has a protective effect on brain dopaminergic neurons,and CDNF is regarded as a promising therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative ***,the effects of CDNF on the proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis of neural stem cells(NSCs),which are very sensitive to hypoxic environments,remain *** this study,NSCs were extracted from the hippocampi of fetal rats and cultured with different concentrations of *** results showed that 200 nM CDNF was the optimal concentration for significantly increasing the viability of NSCs under non-hypoxic environmental ***,the cells were cultured with 200 nM CDNF under the hypoxic conditions of 90%N_2,5%CO_2,and 5%air for 6 *** results showed that CDNF significantly improved the viability of hypoxic NSCs and reduced apoptosis among hypoxic *** detection of markers showed that CDNF increased the differentiation of hypoxic NSCs into neurons and *** also reduced the expression level of Lin28 protein and increased the expression of Let-7 mRNA in NSCs,under hypoxic *** conclusion,we determined that CDNF was able to reverse the adverse proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis effects that normally affect NSCs in a hypoxic ***,the Lin28/Let-7 pathway may be involved in this regulated function of *** present study was approved by the Laboratory Animal Centre of Southeast University,China(approval No.20180924006)on September 24,2018.

关键词： apoptosis astrocyte cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor differentiation hypoxia Let-7 Lin28 neural stem cells neuron proliferation

cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after ChAdOx1 nCov- 19 vaccination with a misleading first cerebral MRI scan

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 668-670页

作者： Benno Ikenberg Antonia Franziska Demleitner Thomas Thiele Benedikt Wiestler Katharina Götze Georg Mößmer Paul Lingor Department of Neurology Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin Universitätsmedizin GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany Department of Diagnostic und Interventional Neuroradiology Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany Department of Medicine III Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany

SUMMARY Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia(VITT)and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)have been recently described as rare complications following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with vector *** report a case of a young woman who presented with VITT and cerebral CVST 7 days following vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCov-19(AstraZeneca).While the initial MRI was considered void of pathological findings,MRI 3 days later revealed extensive CVST of the transversal and sigmoidal sinus with intracerebral *** tests including a platelet-factor-4-induced platelet activation assay confirmed the diagnosis of *** with intravenous immunoglobulins and argatroban resulted in a normalisation of platelet counts and remission of CVST.

关键词： vaccination cerebral venous

cerebral aneurysm treatment: modern neurovascular techniques

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2016年第3期1卷 93-100页

作者： Bowen Jiang Michelle Paff Geoffrey P Colby Alexander L Coon Li-Mei Lin Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineThe Johns Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of CaliforniaIrvine School of MedicineUC Irvine Medical CenterOrangeCaliforniaUSA

Endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysm continues to evolve with the development of new *** review provides an overview of the recent major innovations in the neurointerventional space in recent years.

关键词： treatment cerebral neu

cerebral organoids exhibit mature neurons and astrocytes and recapitulate electrophysiological activity of the human brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第5期14卷 757-761页

作者： Abraam M.Yakoub Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology Stanford University

Multiple protocols have been devised to generate cerebral organoids that recapitulate features of the developing human brain, including the presence of a large, multi-layered, cortical-like neuronal zone. However, the central question is whether these organoids truly present mature, functional neurons and astrocytes, which may qualify the system for in-depth molecular neuroscience studies focused at neuronal and synaptic functions. Here, we demonstrate that cerebral organoids derived under optimal differentiation conditions exhibit mature, fully functional neurons and astrocytes, as validated by immunohistological, gene expression, and electrophysiological, analyses. Neurons in cerebral organoids showed gene expression profiles and electrophysiological properties similar to those reported for fetal human brain. These important findings indicate that cerebral organoids recapitulate the developing human brain and may enhance use of cerebral organoids in modeling human brain development or investigating neural deficits that underlie neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric conditions, such as autism or intellectual disorders.

关键词： cerebral organoids human brain stem cells neurons astrocytes neurodevelopmental disorders neuropsychiatric disorders autism

cerebral lipiodol embolism related to a vascular lake during chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第37期24卷 4291-4296页

作者： Hideki Ishimaru Minoru Morikawa Takayuki Sakugawa Ichiro Sakamoto Yasuhide Motoyoshi Yohei Ikebe Masataka Uetani Department of Radiology Nagasaki University HospitalNagasaki 852-8501Japan Department of Radiology Nagasaki Harbor Medical CancerNagasaki 850-8555Japan Department of Gastroenterology Nagasaki Harbor Medical CancerNagasaki 850-8555Japan Department of Radiological Sciences Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasaki 852-8501Japan

A male patient underwent conventional transcatheter chemoembolization for advanced recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Even after the injection of 7 m L of lipiodol followed by gelatin sponge particles, the flow of feeding arteries did not slow down. A repeat angiography revealed a newly developed vascular lake draining into systemic veins; however, embolization was continued without taking noticing of the vascular lake. The patient's level of consciousness deteriorated immediately after the procedure, and non-contrast computed tomography revealed pulmonary and cerebral lipiodol embolisms. The patient's level of consciousness gradually improved after 8 wk in intensive care. In this case, a vascular lake emerged during chemoembolization and drained into systemic veins, offering a pathway carrying lipiodol to pulmonary vessels, the most likely cause of this serious complication. We should be aware that vascular lakes in HCC may drain into systemic veins and can cause intratumoral arteriovenous shunts.

关键词： Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization Arteriovenous shunt Hepatocellular carcinoma Vascular lake cerebral embolism

Free-moving-state microscopic imaging of cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics with a photoacoustic fiberscope

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 33-46页

作者： Xiaoxuan Zhong Yizhi Liang Xiaoyu Wang Haoying Lan Xue Bai Long Jin Bai-Ou Guan Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications Institute of Photonics TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China

We report the development of a head-mounted photoacoustic fiberscope for cerebral imaging in a freely behaving *** 4.5-gram imaging probe has a 9-µm lateral resolution and 0.2-Hz frame rate over a 1.2-mm wide *** probe can continuously monitor cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamic responses at single-vessel resolution,showing significantly different cerebrovascular responses to external stimuli under anesthesia and in the freely moving *** example,when subjected to high-concentration CO_(2) respiration,enhanced oxygenation to compensate for hypercapnia can be visualized due to cerebral regulation in the freely moving *** studies exhibit significantly weakened compensation capabilities in obese *** new imaging modality can be used for investigating both normal and pathological cerebrovascular functions and shows great promise for studying cerebral activity,disorders and their treatments.

关键词： cerebral anesthesia moving

cerebral haemodynamics in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease:a narrative review of the assessment methods and clinical implications

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第6期8卷 521-530,I0085,I0086页

作者： Yuying Liu Shuang Li Xuan Tian Thomas W Leung Liping Liu David S Liebeskind Xinyi Leng Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARPeople's Republic of China Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China Department of Neurology Neurovascular Imaging Research CoreUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Intracranial atherosclerotic disease(ICAD)is a common cause of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack(TIA)with a high recurrence *** is often referred to as intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis(ICAS),when the plaque has caused significant narrowing of the vessel *** lesion is usually considered‘symptomatic ICAD/ICAS’(sICAD/sICAS)when it has caused an ischaemic stroke or *** severity of luminal stenosis has long been established as a prognostic factor for stroke relapse in ***,accumulating studies have also reported the important roles of plaque vulnerability,cerebral haemodynamics,collateral circulation,cerebral autoregulation and other factors in altering the stroke risks across patients with *** this review article,we focus on cerebral haemodynamics in *** reviewed imaging modalities/methods in assessing cerebral haemodynamics,the haemodynamic metrics provided by these methods and application of these methods in research and clinical *** importantly,we reviewed the significance of these haemodynamic features in governing the risk of stroke recurrence in *** also discussed other clinical implications of these haemodynamic features in sICAS,such as the associations with collateral recruitment and evolution of the lesion under medical treatment,and indications for more individualised blood pressure management for secondary stroke *** then put forward some knowledge gaps and future directions on these topics.

关键词： clinical intracranial cerebral