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Impacts of algal blooms on sinking carbon flux and hypoxia off the Changjiang River estuary

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第6期41卷 2180-2196页

作者： Zhao LI Yingxin ZHANG Shuqun SONG Caiwen LI School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Based on 10 multidisciplinary investigations conducted from February 2015 to January 2016,the phytoplankton community and its association with ambient seawater physicochemical parameters in the Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary(CE)and its adjacent waters were comprehensively examined.In total,265 taxa were identified,belonging to 5 phyla and 94 genera.Diatoms(63.78%)and dinoflagellates(33.21%)were the dominant groups.The variation of diatom abundance showed a positive relationship with the nutrient concentrations while the dinoflagellate abundance showed a negative relationship.Two algal bloom events occurred during the investigation period.The Changjiang Diluted Water(CDW)induced environmental gradients in the upper layer,favoring the diatom bloom in July.The invasion of the nearshore Kuroshio branch current could affect the formation of a bloom of Prorocentrum donghaiense.With the blooming and senescence of phytoplankton,low dissolved oxygen(DO)and hypoxia occurred in the bottom waters.The bottom DO concentration displayed a significantly negative correlation with phytoplankton carbon flux.The present study provides straightforward evidence for the source of organic matter for oxygen consumption in the CE and its adjacent waters.

关键词： phytoplankton community structure algal blooms carbon flux hypoxia

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The First Global carbon Dioxide flux Map Derived from TanSat Measurements

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第9期38卷 1433-1443页

作者： Dongxu YANG Yi LIU Liang FENG Jing WANG Lu YAO Zhaonan CAI Sihong ZHU Naimeng LU Daren LYU Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China National Centre for Earth Observation University of EdinburghEdinburghEH93FFUK University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH93FFUK National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081China

Space-borne measurements of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations provide global observation constraints for top-down estimates of surface carbon flux.Here,the first estimates of the global distribution of carbon surface fluxes inferred from dry-air CO_2 column (XCO_2) measurements by the Chinese Global carbon Dioxide Monitoring Scientific Experimental Satellite (Tan Sat) are presented.An ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF) data assimilation system coupled with the GEOS-Chem global chemistry transport model is used to optimally fit model simulations with the Tan Sat XCO_2 observations,which were retrieved using the Institute of Atmospheric Physics carbon dioxide retrieval Algorithm for Satellite remote sensing (IAPCAS).High posterior error reduction (30%–50%) compared with a priori fluxes indicates that assimilating satellite XCO_2 measurements provides highly effective constraints on global carbon flux estimation.Their impacts are also highlighted by significant spatiotemporal shifts in flux patterns over regions critical to the global carbon budget,such as tropical South America and China.An integrated global land carbon net flux of 6.71±0.76 Gt C yr^(-1) over12 months (May 2017–April 2018) is estimated from the Tan Sat XCO_2 data,which is generally consistent with other inversions based on satellite data,such as the JAXA GOSAT and NASA OCO-2 XCO_2 retrievals.However,discrepancies were found in some regional flux estimates,particularly over the Southern Hemisphere,where there may still be uncorrected bias between satellite measurements due to the lack of independent reference observations.The results of this study provide the groundwork for further studies using current or future Tan Sat XCO_2 data together with other surfacebased and space-borne measurements to quantify biosphere–atmosphere carbon exchange.

关键词： TanSat carbon flux CO_2 flux inversion

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Laboratory simulation of soil respiration response to environmental conditions in intertidal zones of Jiangsu Province,China

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Water Science and Engineering 2022年第2期15卷 134-140页

作者： Peng Wang Xia Shen Zu-lin Hua Xiao-dong Liu Yi-xin Ma Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology of Ministry of Natural Resources Hangzhou 310012China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210029China

As major contributor to the blue carbon sink,intertidal zones play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle.In recent years,more attention has been given to the carbon cycle in intertidal wetlands.However,due to highly variable and uncertain environmental conditions,it is difficult to clarify the quantitative relationship between soil respiration and environmental factors through in-situ experiments.In this study,the response of soil respiration characteristics to variations in the temperature and water table was investigated using a monitoring apparatus of CO_(2)flux at the soil-air interface in the intertidal zone.The results showed that soil respiration flux was significantly correlated with temperature,and the correlation best fitted the DoseResp function.Meanwhile,the respiration flux was enhanced with the descent of water table,a relationship could be described by a quadratic function.The effect of the water table on soil respiration became more pronounced with the rise of temperature.These results provide significant clarification of the impact of human activities on the carbon cycle in bare intertidal zones and as well as support for numerical simulations of the carbon cycle in bare intertidal zones.

关键词： Intertidal zone carbon flux Soil respiration Human activities Water table

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Changes in Global Vegetation Distribution and carbon fluxes in Response to Global Warming:Simulated Results from IAP-DGVM in CAS-ESM2

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第8期39卷 1285-1298,I0002-I0010页

作者： Xiaofei GAO Jiawen ZHU Xiaodong ZENG Minghua ZHANG Yongjiu DAI Duoying JI He ZHANG International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook UniversityNY 11790USA School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Terrestrial ecosystems are an important part of Earth systems,and they are undergoing remarkable changes in response to global warming.This study investigates the response of the terrestrial vegetation distribution and carbon fluxes to global warming by using the new dynamic global vegetation model in the second version of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Earth System Model(CAS-ESM2).We conducted two sets of simulations,a present-day simulation and a future simulation,which were forced by the present-day climate during 1981-2000 and the future climate during 2081-2100,respectively,as derived from RCP8.5 outputs in CMIP5.CO_(2)concentration is kept constant in all simulations to isolate CO_(2)-fertilization effects.The results show an overall increase in vegetation coverage in response to global warming,which is the net result of the greening in the mid-high latitudes and the browning in the tropics.The results also show an enhancement in carbon fluxes in response to global warming,including gross primary productivity,net primary productivity,and autotrophic respiration.We found that the changes in vegetation coverage were significantly correlated with changes in surface air temperature,reflecting the dominant role of temperature,while the changes in carbon fluxes were caused by the combined effects of leaf area index,temperature,and precipitation.This study applies the CAS-ESM2 to investigate the response of terrestrial ecosystems to climate warming.Even though the interpretation of the results is limited by isolating CO_(2)-fertilization effects,this application is still beneficial for adding to our understanding of vegetation processes and to further improve upon model parameterizations.

关键词： global warming vegetation distribution carbon flux leaf area index surface air temperature

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Abiotic Methane Reservoirs in the Western Tianshan HP–UHP Metamorphic Belt,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第1期97卷 337-349页

作者： ZHANG Lijuan ZHANG Lifei LI Xiaowei WANG Xiao Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution MOESchool of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences and Mineral ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

Natural gas,consisting primarily of methane(CH_(4)),has become a major source of clean energy in modern society in many parts of the globe.Recent experimental observations and discoveries of deep-sourced abiotic CH_(4)in cold subduction zones indicate the important ability of cold subducted slabs to generate natural gas reservoirs.However,most CH_(4)flux and reservoirs remain unknown and their potential is overlooked in global carbon flux estimations.Massive abiotic CH_(4)-rich fluid inclusions(FIs)in garnet and omphacite from ultrahigh-pressure(UHP)eclogites have been found in the Western Tianshan(WT)UHP metamorphic belt,which provides one ideal case for quantification of abiotic CH_(4)stored in the cold subducted crust.By two methods,we assess the abiotic CH_(4)content stored in the Chinese WT HP–UHP metamorphic belt.Our calculations show that at least 113 Mt CH_(4)is stored in the WT eclogites.We also discuss the implications for CH_(4)reservoirs in subduction zones worldwide and speculate that the cold subduction zones may represent one of the largest,yet overlooked,sources of abiotic CH_(4)on Earth,which should not be ignored in the global natural resource and carbon flux estimations.

关键词： energy resources abiotic CH_(4)reservoirs fluid inclusions carbon flux cold subduction zone eclogite Tianshan Mts

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Integrated multi-omics analysis of developing‘Newhall’orange and its glossy mutant provide insights into citrus fragrance formation

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第4期8卷 435-449页

作者： Haoliang Wan Xiaoliang Zhang Ping Wang Haiji Qiu Yafei Guo Yunjiang Cheng Weiwei Wen Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology(MOE) College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070 China

Sesquiterpene valencene is dominant in flavedo tissues of sweet oranges and imparts a unique woody aroma.However,the interaction between the biosynthetic pathways of valencene and other nutritional compounds is less studied.Sesquiterpenoids were significantly accumulated in a previously reported glossy mutant of orange(MT)than the wild type(WT),especially valencene and caryophyllene.In addition,we identified several other pathways with variations at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels in MT.It’s interesting to found those upregulated metabolites in MT,such as eukaryotic lipids,kaempferol and proline also showed strong positive correlation with valencene along with fruit maturation while those down-regulated metabolites,such as phenylpropanoid coumarins and most of the modified flavonoids exhibited negative correlation.We then categorized these shifted pathways into the‘sesquitepenoid-identical shunt’and the sesquitepenoid-opposite shunt’and confirmed the classification result at transcriptional level.Our results provide important insights into the connections between various fruit quality-related properties.

关键词： Citrus sinensis(L.) Multi-omics Sesquiterpenoids Eukaryotic lipids carbon flux Network

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Changes in net ecosystem exchange of CO_(2)in Arctic and their relationships with climate change during 2002-2017

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第4期12卷 475-481页

作者： LI Zhi-Long MU Cui-Cui CHEN Xu WANG Xing-Yu DONG Wen-Wen JIA Lin MU Mei Irina STRELETSKAYA Valery GREBENETS Sergey SOKRATOV Alexander KIZYAKOV WU Xiao-Dong Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai519000China Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric ScienceNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourceChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China University Cooperation of Polar Research Beijing100875China Geographical Faculty Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow119991Russia

Arctic wanning leads to permafrost degradation,which can increase ecosystem respiration and release more greenhouse gas into the at-mosphere.Meanwhile,climate warming also promotes the plant growth and increases carbon assimilation.Presently,it is largely unknown about the carbon budget and their responses to climate change in the Arctic regions.In this study,to investigate the seasonal and annual net ecosystem carbon exchange(NEE),we collected 71 observation stations for net ecosystem exchange(NEE)of CO_(2)in the high latitude permafrost regions during 2002-2017.The results showed that the annual NEE was-8.2±4.1 g CO_(2)m^(-2)d^(-1)for forest,-3.3±2.6 g CO_(2)m^(-2)d^(-1)for shrub,-4.8±4.1 g CO_(2)m^(-2)d^(-1)for grassland,-3.6±3.0 g CO_(2)m^(-2)d^(-1)for wetland and 0.02±0.62 g CO_(2)m^(-2)d^(-1)for tundra,respectively.From 2002 to 2017,the CO_(2)emissions of grassland(carbon source)showed a decreasing trend,and the CO_(2)assimilation of shrub and forest(carbon sink)has been increased.The wetland and tundra are shifting from carbon sources to sinks.There were great variations in temperature sen-sitivities(Q10)of NEE in different seasons,with larger values in winter and lower values in summer.These findings indicate that the Arctic terrestrial ecosystem presently acts as a carbon sink,while there is a possibility that future warming,especially the warming in winter,may decrease the carbon sink of the Arctic terrestrial ecosystem.

关键词： Arctic Climate change Permafrost carbon flux Ecosystem Eddy covariance

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Evaporation and CO_(2)fluxes in a coastal reef:an eddy covariance approach

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第10期3卷 1-21页

作者： A.Camilo Rey-Sánchez Gil Bohrer Timothy H.Morin Dekel Shlomo Golnazalsadat Mirfenderesgi Hezi Gildor Amatzia Genin Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Environmental Resources Engineering State University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNYUSA The Fredy&Nadine Herrmann Institute of Earth Sciences the Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences of Eilat Coral BeachEilatIsrael department ofDepartment of Ecology Evolution&BehaviorSilverman Institute of Life Sciencesthe Hebrew University of JerusalemEilatIsrael ecologyevolution&behaviorsilverman institute of life sciencesthe hebrew university of jerusalemeilatisrael

Introduction:We conducted season-long observations of evaporation and carbon flux at the Gulf of Aqaba coast,northern Red Sea.We used the eddy-covariance method with a two-tower setup to measure evaporation rates over land and sea and the advection between them.Using a three-dimensional mass balance approach,we calculated total evaporation as the sum of two main components in our site:horizontal advection and turbulent vertical flux,with half-hourly change of water vapor storage and horizontal flux divergence found to be negligible.Outcomes:Average evaporation rates were 11.4[mm/day]from April through May(early summer)and 10.5[mm/day]from June through August(summer).The coastal reef was a CO_(2)sink over the period of measurements,significantly higher in June through August than in April through May.The main environmental drivers of CO_(2)flux were humidity,water temperature,sensible heat flux,and wind speed.Discussion:The rates of evaporation near the shore were considerably higher than values reported in other studies typically used to represent the mean for the whole Gulf area.We found that evaporation rates computed by common bulk models approximate the mean values of evaporation but have poor representativeness of the intra-daily temporal variation of evaporation.There was a significant correlation between CO_(2)flux and evaporation attributed to common environmental drivers of gas diffusion,turbulent fluxes,and horizontal transport.Conclusion:We conclude that observations of fluxes in coastal waters need to use at least a two-tower system to account for the effect of horizontal advection on the total flux.

关键词： Evaporation coral reef carbon flux advection eddy covariance

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A New TanSat XCO2 Global Product towards Climate Studies

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第1期38卷 8-11页

作者： Dongxu YANG Yi LIU Hartmut BOESCH Lu YAO Antonio DI NOIA Zhaonan CAI Naimeng LU Daren LYU Maohua WANG Jing WANG Zengshan YIN Yuquan ZHENG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Earth Observation Science School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLeicestershire LE17RHUK National Centre for Earth Observation University of LeicesterLeicestershire LE17RHUK National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081China Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites Shanghai 201210China Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChangchun 130033China

The 1st Chinese carbon dioxide(CO2)monitoring satellite mission,TanSat,was launched in 2016.The 1st TanSat global map of CO2 dry-air mixing ratio(XCO2)measurements over land was released as version 1 data product with an accuracy of 2.11 ppmv(parts per million by volume).In this paper,we introduce a new(version 2)TanSat global XCO2 product that is approached by the Institute of Atmospheric Physics carbon dioxide retrieval Algorithm for Satellite remote sensing(IAPCAS),and the European Space Agency(ESA)Climate Change Initiative plus(CCI+)TanSat XCO2 product by University of Leicester Full Physics(UoL-FP)retrieval algorithm.The correction of the measurement spectrum improves the accuracy(−0.08 ppmv)and precision(1.47 ppmv)of the new retrieval,which provides opportunity for further application in global carbon flux studies in the future.Inter-comparison between the two retrievals indicates a good agreement,with a standard deviation of 1.28 ppmv and a bias of−0.35 ppmv.

关键词： TanSat CO2 remote sensing carbon flux climate change

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Evaluation of the New Dynamic Global Vegetation Model in CAS-ESM

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第6期35卷 659-670页

作者： Jiawen ZHU Xiaodong ZENG Minghua ZHANG Yongjiu DAI Duoying JI Fang LI Qian ZHANG He ZHANG Xiang SONG International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook University School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal University

In the past several decades, dynamic global vegetation models（DGVMs） have been the most widely used and appropriate tool at the global scale to investigate vegetation-climate interactions. At the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, a new version of DGVM（IAP-DGVM） has been developed and coupled to the Common Land Model（CoLM） within the framework of the Chinese Academy of Sciences＇ Earth System Model（CAS-ESM）. This work reports the performance of IAP-DGVM through comparisons with that of the default DGVM of CoLM（CoLM-DGVM） and observations. With respect to CoLMDGVM, IAP-DGVM simulated fewer tropical trees, more ＂needleleaf evergreen boreal tree＂ and ＂broadleaf deciduous boreal shrub＂, and a better representation of grasses. These contributed to a more realistic vegetation distribution in IAP-DGVM,including spatial patterns, total areas, and compositions. Moreover, IAP-DGVM also produced more accurate carbon fluxes than CoLM-DGVM when compared with observational estimates. Gross primary productivity and net primary production in IAP-DGVM were in better agreement with observations than those of CoLM-DGVM, and the tropical pattern of fire carbon emissions in IAP-DGVM was much more consistent with the observation than that in CoLM-DGVM. The leaf area index simulated by IAP-DGVM was closer to the observation than that of CoLM-DGVM; however, both simulated values about twice as large as in the observation. This evaluation provides valuable information for the application of CAS-ESM, as well as for other model communities in terms of a comparative benchmark.

关键词： vegetation dynamics dynamic global vegetation model vegetation distribution carbon flux leaf area index

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