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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第3期9卷 648-658页

作者： Xiaohe Xiao Jianyuan Tang Yimin Mao Xiuhui Li Jiabo Wang Chenghai Liu Kewei Sun Yong’an Ye Zhengsheng Zou Cheng Peng Ling Yang Yuming Guo Zhaofang Bai Tingting He Jing Jing Fengyi Li Na An China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine Beijing302Hospital of ChinaBeijing100039China Center for Drug Evaluation China Food and Drug AdministrationBeijing100022China Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai200127China Beijing Youan Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing100069China Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai200127China First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Changsha410007China Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing100700China Center for Non-infectious Liver Diseases Beijing302Hospital of ChinaBeijing100039China College of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610075China College of Pharmacy Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China Center for Infectious Liver Diseases Beijing302Hospital of ChinaBeijing100039China

1. Introduction Drug-induced liver injury (DILI), defined as liver injury caused by a drug and/or its metabolites, is a common clinical adverse drug reaction1–4. This type of injury can cause acute liver failure and ... 详细信息

关键词： TCM PTA Guidance for the clinical evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine-induced liver injury Issued by China Food and Drug Administration China

A looped heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration system with direct-coupling configuration for room temperature cooling

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Science Bulletin 2019年第1期64卷 8-10页

作者： Huizhi Wang Limin Zhang Guoyao Yu Jianying Hu Ercang Luo Ying Ma Chao Jiang Xianxian Liu Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration has drawn extensive concern in the past decades due to its advantages of high reliability and external heat-driven mechanism.In such a system,heat can be firstly converted into acoustic power and then the acoustical power drives a refrigerator to generate cooling effect without any moving mechanical components.So far,most of researches on heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration have focused on cryo- genic application,such as natural gas liquefaction [1,2].In addition, heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration also plays important roles in recovering waste heat and provides an environment- friendly alternative to the current abso'rption chiller especially in the small-scale power range [3-7].However,two main obstacles to use the thermoacoustic technology in practice are its relatively low cooling capacity and low cooling efficiency.Either the two-loop configuration proposed by Luo et al.[5]or the configuration of a one-unit refrigerator driven by a three-unit engine brought forward by Kees [6],they both suffer from phase-shifting tube and mismatch between the thermoacoustic engine (TAE)and thermoacoustic refrigerator (TAR).

关键词： Direct coupling Refrigeration system Thermoacoustic refrigeration driven by heat

Experimental study on surface-active polymer flooding for enhanced oil recovery: A case study of Daqing placanticline oilfield, NE China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第6期46卷 1206-1217页

作者： YU Qiannan LIU Yikun LIANG Shuang TAN Shuai SUN Zhi YU Yang College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Guangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000China School of Petroleum Engineering Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing 163318China School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China PetroChina Daqing Oil Field Co.Ltd. Daqing 163002China

Experiments on surface-active polymer flooding for enhanced oil recovery were carried out by detection analysis and modern physical simulation technique based on reservoirs and fluids in Daqing placanticline oilfield.The experimental results show that the surface-active polymer is different from other common polymers and polymer-surfactant systems in molecular aggregation,viscosity and flow capacity,and it has larger molecular coil size,higher viscosity and viscosifying capacity,and poorer mobility.The surface-active polymer solution has good performance of viscosity-increasing and viscosity retention,and has good performance of viscoelasticity and deformability to exert positive effects of viscosifying and viscoelastic properties.Surface-active polymer can change the chemical property of interface and reduce interfacial tension,making the reservoir rock turn water-wet,also it can emulsify the oil into relatively stable oil-in-water emulsion,and emulsification capacity is an important property to enhance oil washing efficiency under non-ultralow interfacial tension.The surface-active polymer flooding enlarges swept volume in two ways:Microscopically,the surface-active polymer has mobility control effect and can enter oil-bearing pores not swept by water to drive residual oil,and its mobility control effect has more contribution than oil washing capacity in enhancing oil recovery.Macroscopically,it has plugging capacity,and can emulsify and plug the dominant channels in layers with high permeability,forcing the injected fluid to enter the layer with medium or low permeability and low flow resistance,and thus enlarging swept volume.

关键词： high water-cut oilfield reservoir surface-active polymer oil-washing efficiency swept volume plug by emulsification enhanced oil recovery

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Application of quality by design in the current drug development

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第1期12卷 1-8页

作者： Lan Zhang Shirui Mao Shenyang Pharmaceutical University

Quality by Test was the only way to guarantee quality of drug products before FDA launched current Good Manufacturing Practice. To clearly understand the manufacture processes, FDA generalized Quality by Design(QbD) in the field of pharmacy, which is based on the thorough understanding of how materials and process parameters affect the quality profile of final products. The application of QbD in drug formulation and process design is based on a good understanding of the sources of variability and the manufacture process. In this paper,the basic knowledge of QbD, the elements of QbD, steps and tools for QbD implementation in pharmaceutics field, including risk assessment, design of experiment, and process analytical technology(PAT), are introduced briefly. Moreover, the concrete applications of QbD in various pharmaceutical related unit operations are summarized and presented.

关键词： Quality by design(QbD) Process analytical technology(PAT) Critical quality attributes(CQA) Design of experiment(DoE) Risk assessment Near infrared(NIR)spectroscopy

Are China's Nationally Determined Contributions(NDCs) so bad?

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Science Bulletin 2019年第6期64卷 364-366页

作者： Kejun Jiang Chenmin He Chenfei Qu Chunyan Dai Yifei Zhang Sha Chen Pianpian Xiang Energy Research Institute National Development and Reform Commission College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University School of Environment Tsinghua University School of Management Chongqing Technology and Business University Shanghai University of International Business and Economics College of Environmental and Energy Engineering Beijing University of Technology

A recent article by Robiou du Pont and Meinshausen [1](hereafter RM2018) declared that when taken as benchmark by other countries, the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) of India, the EU, the USA and China lead to 2.6, 3.2, 4 and over 5.1 °C warmings. RM2018 was quickly referred in media that China's NDC is "one of the worst to contribute to the global effort to reach the targets under Paris Agreement”.

关键词： article by Robiou taken as benchmark under Paris Agreement

Effective passivation of black phosphorus transistor against ambient degradation by an ultra-thin tin oxide film

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Science Bulletin 2019年第9期64卷 570-574页

作者： Dianzhong Wu Zhijian Peng Chuanhong Jin Zhiyong Zhang School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology Xiangtan University

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) layered semiconducting materials have been considered as promising channel materials to construct aggressively-scaled transistors owing to their excellent electrostatics and remained hig... 详细信息

关键词： BP SnO FET Effective passivation of black phosphorus transistor against ambient degradation by an ultra-thin tin oxide film

A Study on Development of a Hybrid Aerial/Terrestrial Robot System for Avoiding Ground Obstacles by Flight

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第1期6卷 327-336页

作者： Chinthaka Premachandra Masahiro Otsuka Ryo Gohara Takao Ninomiya Kiyotaka Kato IEEE the Department of Electronic Engineering Gradu-ate School of EngineeringShibaura Institute of Technology the Department of Electrical Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringTokyo University of Science

To date, many studies related to robots have been performed around the world. Many of these studies have assumed operation at locations where entry is difficult, such as disaster sites, and have focused on various terrestrial robots, such as snake-like, humanoid, spider-type, and wheeled units. Another area of active research in recent years has been aerial robots with small helicopters for operation indoors and outdoors. However,less research has been performed on robots that operate both on the ground and in the air. Accordingly, in this paper, we propose a hybrid aerial/terrestrial robot system. The proposed robot system was developed by equipping a quadcopter with a mechanism for ground movement. It does not use power dedicated to ground movement, and instead uses the flight mechanism of the quadcopter to achieve ground movement as well. Furthermore, we addressed the issue of obstacle avoidance as part of studies on autonomous control. Thus, we found that autonomous control of ground movement and flight was possible for the hybrid aerial/terrestrial robot system, as was autonomous obstacle avoidance by flight when an obstacle appeared during ground movement.

关键词： Ground movement/flight control hybrid aerial/terrestrial robot obstacle avoidance by flight obstacle recognition

Protein kinase A inhibition induces EPAC-dependent acrosomal exocytosis in human sperm

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第4期21卷 337-344页

作者： Diana Itzhakov Yeshayahu Nitzan Haim Breitbart The Mina and Everard Faculty of Life Sciences Bar-llan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel Department of Clinical Laboratory Science Zefat Academic College Zefat 1320611 Israel

To in teract with the egg, the spermatozo on must un dergo several biochemical and motility modifications in the female reproductive tract, collectively called capacitation. Only capacitated sperm can undergo acrosomal exocytosis, near or on the egg, a process that allows the sperm to penetrate and fertilize the egg. In the present study, we investigated the invoIvement of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent processes on acrosomal exocytosis. Inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) at the end of capacitation induced acrosomal exocytosis. This process is cAMP-dependent;however, the addition of relatively high concentration of the membrane-permeable 8-bromo-cAMP (8Br-cAMP, 0.1 mmol l^-1) analog induced significant inhibition of the acrosomal exocytosis. The induction of acrosomal exocytosis by PKA inhibition was significantly inhibited by an exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) ESI09 inhibitor. The EPAC selective substrate activated AE at relatively low concentrations (0.02-0.1 μmol l^1), whereas higher concerttrations (>5 pmol l^-1) were inhibitory to the AE induced by PKA inhibition. Inhibition of PKA revealed about 50% increase in intracellular cAMP levels, conditions under which EPAC can be activated to induce the AE. Induction of AE by activating the actin severing?protein, gelsolin, which causes F-actin dispersion, was inhibited by the EPAC inhibitor. The AE induced by PKA inhibition was mediated by phospholipase C activity but not by the Ca^2+-channel, CatSper. Thus, inhibition of PKA at the end of the capacitation process induced EPAC/phospholipase C-dependent acrosomal exocytosis. EPAC mediates F-actin depolymerization an d/or activation of effectors down stream to F-actin breakdown that lead to acrosomal exocytosis.

关键词： acrosomal exocytosis exchange protein directly activated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate protein kinase A sperm

Structural,Morphological and Electrical Properties of In-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanostructure Thin Films Grown on p-Type Gallium Nitride by Simultaneous Radio-Frequency Direct-Current Magnetron Co-Sputtering

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Chinese Physics Letters 2016年第6期33卷 77-80页

作者： R.Perumal Z.Hassan R.Saravanan Institute of Nano-Optoelectronics Research and Technology School of PhysicsUniversiti Sains Malaysia Department of Physics University College of Engineering PattukkottaiAnna University Chennai

Zinc oxide （ZnO） is one of the most promising and frequently used semiconductor materials. In-doped nanos- tructure ZnO thin films are grown on p-type gallium nitride substrates by employing the simultaneous rf and dc magnetron co-sputtering technique. The effect of In-doping on structural, morphological and electrical properties is studied. The different dopant concentrations are accomplished by varying the direct current power of the In target while keeping the fixed radio frequency power of the ZnO target through the co-sputtering deposition technique by using argon as the sputtering gas at ambient temperature. The structural analysis confirms that all the grown thin films preferentially orientate along the c-axis with the wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure without having any kind of In oxide phases. The presenting Zn, 0 and In elements＇ chemical compositions are identified with EDX mapping analysis of the deposited thin films and the calculated M ratio has been found to decrease with the increasing In power. The surface topographies of the grown thin films are examined with the atomic force microscope technique. The obtained results reveal that the grown film roughness increases with the In power. The Hall measurements ascertain that all the grown films have n-type conductivity and also the other electrical parameters such as resistivity,mobility and carrier concentration are analyzed.

关键词： ZnO of Structural,Morphological and Electrical Properties of In-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanostructure Thin Films Grown on p-Type Gallium Nitride by Simultaneous Radio-Frequency Direct-Current Magnetron Co-Sputtering that by were been In EDX on

Does environmental infrastructure investment contribute to emissions reduction?A case of China

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第1期14卷 57-70页

作者： Xiaoqian SONG Yong GENG Ke LI Xi ZHANG Fei WU Hengyu PAN Yiqing ZHANG China Institute of Urban Governance Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030China School of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China China Institute of Urban Governance Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China School of Management China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China College o f Mathematics&Computer Science Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Centre for Energy Economy of Shandong Shandong Technology and Business UniversityYantai 264005China

Environmental infrastructure investment(EII)is an important environmental policy instrument on responding to greenhouse gas(GHG)emission and air pollution.This paper employs an improved stochastic impact by regression on population,affluence and technology(STRIPAT)model by using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and municipalities for the period of 2003–2015 to investigate the effect of EII on CO2 emissions,SO2 emissions,and PM2.5 pollution.The results indicate that EII has a positive and significant effect on mitigating CO2 emission.However,the effect of EII on SO2 emission fluctuated although it still contributes to the reduction of PM2.5 pollution through technology innovations.Energy intensity has the largest impact on GHG emissions and air pollution,followed by GDP per capita and industrial structure.In addition,the effect of EII on environmental issues varies in different regions.Such findings suggest that policies on EII should be region-specific so that more appropriate mitigation policies can be raised by considering the local realities.

关键词： environmental infrastructure investment(EII) CO2 emission SO2 emission PM2.5 pollution stochastic impact by regression on population affluence and technology(STIRPAT)model governance