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Hyperhomocysteinemia and Associated biological markers in a Congolese Population of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 123-134页

作者： V. R. Ikia Monde A. L. M. Boumba E. Mokondjimobe H. Poaty G. Loubano-Voumbi W. F. Ondongo A. G. Mayindou Kimbangu K. Onanga F. Elilie Mawa Ongoth E. Bouenizabila C. Andres H. G. Monabeka Biochemistry Laboratory Service University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Congo Research Area of Pointe-Noire National Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSSA) Pointe-Noire Congo Microbiology and Molecular Biology Department Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire Congo LOMO Research University Kinshasa DRC Department of Statistics Health Information and Epidemiology Surveillance Departmental Directorate of Health Care and Services Brazzaville Congo Department of Endocrinology University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bretonneau Regional University Hospital Tours France

The search for new biomarkers predictive of type 2 diabetes currently constitutes a research avenue in Bioclinical. Total homocysteine remains a preferred target due to its involvement in the occurrence of degenerative complications in type 2 diabetics. The aim of this work was to study hyperhomocysteinemia and other biochemical markers associated with T2D in the Congolese population. This was an analytical case-control study carried out between October 2022 and October 2023. The study population consisted of 150 subjects including 100 T2D patients and 50 control subjects. The main clinical data were collected on a pre-established form. Homocysteine determination was carried out by the sandwich ELISA method. The other biochemical markers were measured by colorimetric enzymatic methods. Hyperhomocysteinemia was present in 27.3% (41/150) of the entire study population. Type 2 diabetics had a frequency of hyperhomocysteinemia of 36% (36/100) and control 10% (5/50) (p = 0.001). The mean hyperhomocysteinemia concentration was 31.9 μmol/l with extremes ranging from 18 to 103 μmol/l. Means of biological markers between diabetics and controls showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.01). The risk factors associated with this HHcy were: sex (OR = 3.5), age (OR = 9.4), sedentary lifestyle (OR = 3.4) and glycosylated hemoglobin (OR = 12) with a p-value <0.05 respectively. Our results suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia can be considered as a predictive biomarker in the bioclinic of Congolese type 2 diabetic patients.

关键词： Hyperhomocysteinemia biological markers T2DM Brazzaville

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Present and future possibilities for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第4期16卷 418-424页

作者： Piotr Stefaniuk Janusz Cianciara Alicja Wiercinska-Drapalo Department of Hepatology and Acquired Immuno-deficiencies Warsaw Medical University37Wolska StWarsaw 01-201Poland

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) represents the fifth most common cancer in the world,and the third most frequent oncological cause of death.The incidence of HCC is on the increase.HCC typically develops in patients with chronic liver diseases,and cirrhosis,usually with viral etiology,is the strongest predisposing factor.Nowadays HCC diagnosis is a multistage process including clinical,laboratory,imaging and pathological examinations.The prognosis of HCC is mostly poor,because of detection at an advanced,non-resectable stage.Potentially curative treatment(surgery) is limited and really possible only for cases with small HCC malignancies.For this reason,more effective surveillance strategies should be used to screen for early occurrence of HCC targeted to the population at risk.So far,the generally accepted serological marker is α-fetoprotein(AFP).Its diagnostic accuracy is unsatisfactory and questionable because of low sensitivity,therefore there is a strong demand by clinicians for new HCC-specific biomarkers.In this review,we will focus on other biomarkers that seem to improve HCC diagnosis,such as AFP-L3,des-γ-carboxyprothrombin,α-l-fucosidase,,γ-glutamyl transferase,glypican-3,squamous cell carcinoma antigen,a new generation of immunoglobulin M-immunocomplexes,and very promising geneexpression profiling.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Chronic hepatitis Liver cirrhosis Cancer screening Surveillance biological markers

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Proteomic analysis for detecting serum biomarkers related to smoking in humans

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第17期125卷 3027-3032页

作者： XIAO Dan ZHAO Li-juan CHU Shui-lian JING Hang WANG Chen Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco or Health Beijing 100020China Department of Respiratory Diseases Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China Department of Respiratory Epidemiology Research Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100020 China Beijing Hospital Ministry of Health Beijing 100730 China

Background Smoking is the leading cause of death in the world. This study focused on the difference of the serum proteomic profiling between healthy smokers and nonsmokers in order to find smoking-specific serum biomarkers. Methods Pattern-based proteomic profiling of 100 serum samples （from 50 Chinese male smokers and 50 matched nonsmokers） was performed through magnetic bead fractionation coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis （MALDI-TOF-MS） and resulting data were statistically analyzed by Ciphergen ProteinChip software 3.0.2. Results We found 72 serum peaks were significantly different between smokers and nonsmokers （P 〈0.05）. Marker peaks of mass-to-charge ratio （m/z） 3159.13, 7561.03 and 9407.32 were smoking-specific. Conclusion The preliminary data suggested that smoking-specific serum biomarkers could be detected in humans.

关键词： smoking serum biological markers proteomics

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Circulating tumor cell isolation:the assets of filtration methods with polycarbonate track-etched filters

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2015年第5期27卷 479-487页

作者： Claire Dolfus Nicolas Piton Emmanuel Toure Jean-Christophe Sabourin Department of Pathology Rouen University Hospital Inserm U1079 Institute for Biomedical Research and InnovationUniversity of Rouen

Circulating tumor cells （CTCs） arise from primary or secondary tumors and enter the bloodstream by active or passive intravasation. Given the low number of CTCs, enrichment is necessary for detection. Filtration methods are based on selection of CTCs by size using a filter with 6.5 to 8 pm pores. After coloration, collected CTCs are evaluated according to morphological criteria. Immunophenotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques may be used. Selected CTCs can also be cultivated in vitro to provide more material. Analysis of genomic mutations is difficult because it requires adapted techniques due to limited DNA materials. Filtration-selected CTCs have shown prognostic value in many studies but multicentric validating trials are mandatory to strengthen this assessment. Other clinical applications are promising such as follow-up, therapy response prediction and diagnosis. Microfluidic emerging systems could optimize filtration-selected CTCs by increasing selection accuracy.

关键词： Circulating tumor ceils （CTCs） biological markers filtration

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Early changes of procalcitonin predict bacteremia in patients with intensive care unit-acquired new fever

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第10期126卷 1832-1837页

作者： SHI Yan DU Bin XU Ying-chun RUI Xi DU Wei WANG Yao Department of Intensive Care Medicine Peking Union MedicalCollege Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing100730 China Department of Medical Intensive Care MedicinePeking Union MedicalCollege Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing100730 China Departmentof Clinical LaboratoryPeking Union MedicalCollege Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing100730 China

Background Rapid detection of bacteremia is important for critically ill patients. Procalcitonin （PCT） has emerged as a marker of sepsis, but its characterization for predicting bacteremia is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of change of PCT within 6 to 12 hours after new fever in predicting bacteremia. Methods An observational study was conducted in the ICU of our hospital from January 2009 to March 2010. Adult patients with new fever were included and grouped as bacteremia and non bacteremia group. Serum PCT concentration was measured at admission and within 6 to12 hours after new fever （designated PCT0 and PCT1）. Other results of laboratory tests and therapeutic interventions were recorded. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors of bacteremia. The area under the ROC curve （AUC） was constructed to evaluate the discriminative power of variables to predict bacteremia. Results Totally 106 patients were enrolled, 60 of whom had bacteremia and 46 did not have bacteremia,. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （APACHE II） and sequential organ failure assessment （SOFA） scores were 13.1±7.8 and 5.0±2.2 at admission, respectively. There was no significant difference in PCT0 between the bacteremia group and nonbacteremia group; 1.27μg/L （range, 0.10-33.3） vs. 0.98μg/L （range, 0.08-25.7）, （P=0.157）. However, the PCT1 and the rate of change of PCT were significantly higher in bacteremia group; PCT1 was 6.73μg/L （1.13-120.10） vs. 1.17μg/L （0.10-12.10）（P=0.001）, and the rate of change was 5.62 times （1.05-120.6） vs. 0.07 times （-0.03-0.18）（P〈0.001）. The area under the ROC curve （AUC; 95% confidence interval） of the rate of change of PCT was better for predicting bacteremia than that of PCT1; 0.864 （range, 0.801-0.927） vs. 0.715 （range, 0.628-0.801）, （P〈0.05）. The AUCs of PCT0 and other parameters （such as WBC count, granulocyte percentage and temperature） were not significantly different （all P〉0.05）. The best cut-off value for the rate of chan

关键词： bacteremia diagnosis, calcitonin precursorpolyprotein biological markers

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Increased expression of serum gelsolin in patients with osteosarcoma

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第2期125卷 262-269页

作者： Jin Song Shen Jing-nan Peng Jian-qiang Wang Jin Huang Gang Li Ming-tao Sun Yat Sen Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Musculoskeletal Oncol Guangzhou 510080 Guangdong Peoples R China Guangdong Med Coll Affiliated Fu Tian Hosp Dept Orthoped Surg Shenzhen 518033 Guangdong Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Zhongshan Med Coll Prote Lab Guangzhou 510080 Guangdong Peoples R China

Background Identification of potential serum biomarkers of osteosarcoma to aid in its early diagnosis and in the discovery of possible therapeutic targets is an area of increasing interest.Methods Two-dimensional difference-in-gel electrophoresis was used to assess multiple serum samples in patients with osteosarcoma.In addition,differential expression of protein biomarkers was characterized in osteosarcoma serum by using matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with database interrogation.Serum samples from four individuals with osteosarcoma and four age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were compared.Results Fifty-eight significant protein spot features in the osteosarcoma sera were found.These spot features were excised,digested with trypsin,and analyzed with mass spectrometry.Gelsolin was down-regulated only in osteosarcoma.Furthermore,Western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） confirmed decreased levels of gelsolin in the osteosarcoma serum samples.Conclusions These results indicated that gelsolin might have great potential as a biomarker of osteosarcoma and as a potential target for gene therapy.

关键词： biological markers gelsolin osteosarcoma proteomics

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Neutral Red Retention by Earthworm Coelomocytes: A Biomarker of Cadmium Contamination in Soil

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2000年第2期13卷 117-121页

作者： S. K. GUPTA Cell Biology Section, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, M. G. Marg, P. B. No. 80, Lucknow 226 001, India Cell Biology Section Industrial Toxicology Research Centre 印度 Lucknow 226001

The earthworm Metaphire posthuma were used as a model to assess the toxic potential of cadmium incorporated into the soil by environmental or human activities. The retention period of neutral red in the lysosomes of the coelomocytes was used as a biomarker. The viability of harvested coelomocytes by a non_invasive extrusion protocol was 93% with no alteration by the dye during experimentation. The control cells retained dye for 119 and 121 min in normal soil and KCl, respectively, whereas a linear decline in the retention time in the treated earthworm coelomocytes was observed. This illustrated that the presence of cadmium caused damage to the lysosomes of the coelomocytes.

关键词： Animals biological markers Cadmium Coloring Agents Digestive System Environmental Monitoring Neutral Red Oligochaeta

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Prospective validation of %p2PSA and the Prostate Health Index, in prostate cancer detection in initial prostate biopsies of Asian men, with total PSA 4-10 ng ml-1

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第3期19卷 286-290页

作者： Lincoln GL Tan Yung Khan Tan Bee Choo Tai Karen ML Tan Vineet Gauhar Ho Yee Tiong Robert CW Hawkins Thomas P Thamboo Felicia SK Hong Edmund Chiong Department of Urology National University Hospital National University Health System Singapore Department of Urology Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Laboratory Medicine National University Hospital Singapore Department of Urology Alexandra Hospital Jurong Health Singapore Department of Laboratory Medicine Tan Teck Seng Hospital Singapore Department of Pathology National University Hospital Singapore.

Despite its widespread use for prostate cancer screening, low specificity makes PSA a suboptimal biomarker, especially in the diagnostic ＂gray zone＂ of 4-10 ng ml-1, False-positives lead to unnecessary biopsies with attendant morbidities. This is the first prospective validation study of %p2PSA and the Prostate Health Index （PHI） in Asian men presenting with a total PSA between 4.0 and 10 ng m1-1. We studied 157 Asian men between 50 and 75 years old, with normal per rectal prostate examinations, undergoing their first prostate biopsy, using a standardized biopsy protocol, for PSA levels of 4-10 ng ml-1, Thirty （19.1%） were found to have prostate cancer on biopsy. Statistically significant differences between patients with and without prostate cancer were found for total PSA, p2PSA, %p2PSA, and PHh The areas under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve for total PSA, %fPSA, %p2PSA, and PHI were 0.479, 0.420, 0.695, and 0.794, respectively. PHI predicts prostatic biopsies results best. At a sensitivity of 90%, the specificity （95% CI） of PHI was 58.3%, more than triple the specificity of total PSA at 17.3%, potentially avoiding 77 （49%） unnecessary biopsies. Similar to studies in mainly Caucasian populations, we have prospectively shown that %p2PSA and PHI greatly outperform total and free to total PSA ratio, in the detection of prostate cancer at first biopsy. Higher PHi levels also correspond to increasing the risk of detecting GS ≥7 cancers. We have validated the use of PHI to aid decision-making regarding prostate biopsies in Asian men with serum PSA between 4 and 10 ng ml-1.Despite its widespread use for prostate cancer screening, low specificity makes PSA a suboptimal biomarker, especially in the diagnostic ＂gray zone＂ of 4-10 ng m1-1, False-positives lead to unnecessary biopsies with attendant morbidities. This is the first prospective validation study of %p2PSA and the Prostate Health Index （PHI） in Asian men presenting with a total PSA between 4.0 and 10 ng mI-L We studied 157 Asian men b

关键词： biological markers prostate specific antigen prostatic neoplasms

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Increase of beta-amyloid and C-reactive protein in liver transplant recipients with postoperative cognitive dysfunction

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第4期12卷 370-376页

作者： Xing Li Da-Xiang Wen Yan-Hong Zhao Yan-Nan Hang M Susan Mandell Department of Anesthesiology Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology Shuguang Hospital Shanghai University of TCM Department of Anesthesiology University of Colorado Health Science Center DenverAuroraColorado USA

BACKGROUND: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is an adverse condition characterized by declined cognitive functions following surgeries and anesthesia. POCD has been associated with increased hospital stay and mortality. There are histological similarities to Alzheimer’s disease. Most early studies were conducted in patients receiving cardiac surgery. Since there is no information about POCD in liver transplant recipients, we measured the incidence of POCD in patients after liver transplantation and examined the correlation between neurological dysfunction and biological markers of dementia- based diseases. METHODS: We studied 25 patients who had a liver transplan- tation between July 2008 and February 2009. Patients with prior encephalopathy or risk factors associated with the development of POCD were excluded from the study. Five validated neuropsychiatric tests were used for diagnosis. The diagnosis was based on one standard deviation decline in two of the five neuropsychiatric tests. The correlation between patient variables and the development of POCD was examined. Serum levels of beta-amyloid and C-reactive protein were measured by standard ELISA and compared between patients with and without POCD. RESULTS: POCD was present in 11 (44%) of the 25 patients. Patients with POCD had significantly higher MELD scores, were more often Child-Pugh class C and received more blood transfusion during surgery. The serum beta-amyloid protein and C-reactive protein concentrations were significantly increased at 24 hours after surgery in the POCD group.CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of POCD in our group of liver transplant patients was greater than that reported in other surgical patients. The increase in the serum biomarkers of dementia in the POCD patients supports the hypothesis that chronic cognitive defects are due to a process similar to that seen in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： dementia neuropsychiatric tests Alzheimer's disease biological markers neurological injury

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Cell-free plasma hypermethylated CASZ1, CDH13 and ING2 are promising biomarkers of esophageal cancer

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2018年第6期32卷 424-433页

作者： Huanqiang Wang Congying Yang Siyuan Wang Tian Wang Jingling Han Kai Wei Fucun Liu Jida Xu Xianzhen Peng Jianming Wang Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University Department of Pathology The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang Department of Clinical Medicine Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University Department of Epidemiology Nanjing Medical University Department of Social Medicine and Health Education Nanjing Medical University The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University

Identifying sensitive and specific biomarkers for early detection of cancer is immensely imperative for early diagnosis and treatment and better clinical outcome of cancer patients. This study aimed to construct a specific DNA methylation pattern of cancer suppressor genes and explore the feasibility of applying cell-free DNA based methylation as a biomarker for early diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC). We recruited early stage ESCC patients from Yangzhong County, China. The Illumina Infinium 450 K Methylation BeadChip was used to construct a genome-wide DNA methylation profile. Then, differentiated genes were selected for the validation study using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. The frequency of methylation was compared between cancer tissues, matched cell-free DNAs and normal controls. The specific methylation profiles were constructed, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Seven CG sites in three genes CASZ1, CDH13 and ING2 were significantly hypermethylated in ESCC as compared with normal controls. A significant correlation was found between the methylation of DNA extracted from cancer tissues and matched plasma cell-free DNA, either for individual CG site or for cumulative methylation analysis. The sensitivity and specificity reached 100% at an appropriate cut-point using these specific methylation biomarkers. This study revealed that aberrant DNA methylation is a promising biomarker for molecular diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Hypermethylation of CASZ1,CDH13 and ING2 detected in plasma cell-free DNA can be applied as a potential noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis of esophageal cancer.

关键词： esophageal neoplasms DNA methylation epigenesist biological markers tumor suppressor

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