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A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Nutritional Study Using an Insoluble Yeast beta-glucan to Improve the Immune Defense System

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第6期3卷 738-746页

作者： Hans-Joachim Graubaum Regina Busch Heike Stier Joerg Gruenwald Analyze & Realize AG Berlin Germany.

Purpose: In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial, the effect of an insoluble yeast beta-glucan preparation on the incidences of common colds and its effect on common cold symptoms were compared to placebo. Methods: 100 healthy participants with recurring infections were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or yeast beta-glucan (Yestimun?;n = 50 each group) over a period of 26 weeks. The subjects had to document each common cold episode in a diary, and rate 6 predefined infections symptoms on a 3-point rating scale during an infection period, resulting in an infection score. The common cold episodes were confirmed by the investigators. Results: A total of 171 common cold episodes were documented. Of these, 76 were experienced by 38 subjects in the beta-glucan group and 96 were experienced by 48 subjects in the placebo group (p = 0.406). The beta-glucan group had significantly more subjects without incidences of common cold than the placebo group (15.6% vs 2.0%;p = 0.019). During the most intense infection season (first 13 weeks of the study), the beta-glucan group had significantly less infections compared to placebo (p = 0.02). beta-glucan significantly reduced the typical cold symptoms (“sore throat and/or difficulty swallowing”, “hoarseness and/or cough” and “runny nose”) as opposed to placebo. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates a prophylactic effect of yeast beta-glucan on the occurrence of common colds as opposed to placebo. In addition, when these episodes occurred, they were from the beginning less pronounced and subsided faster.

关键词： Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study Insoluble Yeast beta-glucan Common Cold Immune System

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Giving Food a Fiber Boost: Adding High beta-glucan Ingredient from Barley to Everyday Foods

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 277-289页

作者： Gongshe Hu Sherry Ellberg Kathy Satterfield Chris Evans USDA ARS Pacific West Area 1691 S. 2700 W Aberdeen Idaho USA

Lack of dietary fiber contributes to many health issues, particularly chronic vascular diseases. Mixed linkage β-1.3 - 1.4 beta-glucan (beta-glucan, in this paper) is a confirmed beneficial ingredient for the human diet through reduction of cholesterol and the glycemic index. Barley contains the highest beta-glucan content of all the grains, and in this study, a percentage of flour from two high beta glucan lines was, each, added to an array of wheat-based food products to measure how it impacted total dietary fiber. Results showed that beta-glucan content was higher in all the products containing the added high beta-glucan flour, along with increased total dietary fiber content. Protein content in the food products is also increased with the higher protein in the barley flours added. beta-glucan content in the barley-added products increased to 1.2% - 4.0% versus 0.2% - 0.5% in the pure wheat products, while the dietary fibers increased to 3.5% - 24.4% versus 2.1% - 9.1% in pure wheat product controls. This research provided experimental evidence that using a high beta-glucan barley ingredient in food can increase dietary fiber to benefit health.

关键词： Food High Fiber Barley Ingredient beta-glucan Human Health

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Serum 1,3-beta-D-glucan as a noninvasive test to predict histologic activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第9期27卷 866-885页

作者： Katia Farias e Silva Hayandra F Nanini Cynthia Machado Cascabulho Siane L B Rosas Patricia T Santana Antonio Joséde V Carneiro Elias Anaissie Marcio Nucci Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza Department of Clinical Medicine School of MedicineFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-913Brazil Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies Education and BioproductsInstituto Oswaldo CruzRio de Janeiro 21040-360Brazil Clinical Trial and Consulting Services CincinnatiOH 45267United States Internal Medicine D'Or Institute for Research and Education(IDOR)Rio de Janeiro 22281-100Brazil

BACKGROUND 1,3-beta-D-glucan(BG)is a ubiquitous cell wall component of gut *** hypothesized that the serum levels of BG could reflect active intestinal inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel *** To determine whether the serum BG concentrations correlate with intestinal *** A prospective observational study was performed in a tertiary referral center,from 2016 to 2019,in which serum BG was determined in 115 patients with Crohn’s disease(CD),51 with ulcerative colitis(UC),and 82 controls using a photometric detection *** activity was determined by ileocolonoscopy,histopathology,magnetic resonance enterography,and biomarkers,including fecal calprotectin(FC),C-reactive protein,and a panel of *** ability of BG to detect active vs inactive disease was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic *** subgroup analysis,serial BG was used to assess the response to therapeutic *** The serum BG levels were higher in CD patients than in controls(P=0.0001).The BG levels paralleled the endoscopic activity in CD patients and histologic activity and combined endoscopic and histologic activity in both CD and UC *** area under the curve(AUC)in receiver operating characteristic analysis to predict endoscopic activity was 0.694[95%confidence interval(CI):0.60-0.79;P=0.001]in CD,and 0.662(95%CI:0.51-0.81;P=0.066)in UC *** AUC in receiver operating characteristic analysis to predict histologic activity was 0.860(95%CI:0.77-0.95;P<0.001)in CD,and 0.786(95%CI:0.57-0.99;P=0.015)in UC *** cut-off values of BG for both endoscopic and histologic activity were 60μg/mL in CD,and 40μg/mL in UC *** analysis showed that the results based on BG of 40 and 60μg/mL were more specific for predicting endoscopic activity(71.8%and 87.2%for CD;and 87.5%and 87.5%for UC,respectively)than FC(53.3%and 66.7%for CD;and 20%and 80%for UC,respectively);and

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease beta-glucan Histologic activity Noninvasive test

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Diet medication and beta-glucanase affect ileal digesta soluble betaglucan molecular weight,carbohydrate fermentation,and performance of coccidiosis vaccinated broiler chickens given wheatbased diets

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 288-296页

作者： Namalika D.Karunaratne Henry L.Classen Andrew Gvan Kessel Michael R.Bedford Nancy P.Ames Rex W.Newkirk Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N5A8Canada AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshireSN84ANUnited Kingdom Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada WinnipegR3T 2E1ManitobaCanada

Exogenous enzymes as alternatives to feed antibiotics in poultry has become an emerging research area with the emergence of antibiotic *** objective was to evaluate the effects of diet medication(antibiotics)andβ-glucanase(BGase)on digesta solubleβ-glucan depolymerization,carbohydrate fermentation,and performance of coccidiosis-vaccinated broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets.A total of 1,782 broilers were raised on litter floor pens,and each treatment was assigned to 1 pen in each of the9 *** 3 dietary treatments were based on wheat as the sole grain(control,control+medication and control+0.1%BGase),and the birds were fed the respective treatments ad libitum from 0 to 33 *** were arranged in a randomized complete block design and analyzed as a one-way ***-glucanase reduced the peak molecular weight,weight average molecular weight(Mw)and maximum molecular weight for the smallest 10%β-glucan molecules(MW-10%)in ileal digesta at d 11and 33,whereas diet medication reduced Mw and MW-10%at d 33 compared to the control(Pbeta-glucanase and medication reduced the ileal viscosity at d 11 compared to the control(P=0.010).Ileal propionic acid concentration at d 11 and caecal total SCFA,acetic,and butyric acid concentrations at d 33 were lower in the BGase-supplemented diet than in the control(P<0.05).The BGase-added diet had higher duodenal p H compared to the control at d 33(P=0.026).The effect of medication on carbohydrate fermentation was *** medication increased weight gain after d 11,whereas BGase increased the gain for the total trial period compared to the control(P<0.001).Feed intake was not affected by the dietary *** and BGase improved feed efficiency after d 11 compared to the control(P<0.001).The response to diet medication was larger than BGase,considering weight gain and feed efficiency after d 11(P<0.001).In conclusion,diet medication and BGase depolymerized high molecular weight ileal solubleβ-g

关键词： beta-glucan Prebiotic Non-starch polysaccharide Soluble fiber Feed antibiotic

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Ehanced GITRL on DCs by beta-glucans Improves Anti-tumor Immunity in Murine Lewis Lung Carcinoma

Ehanced GITRL on DCs by beta-Glucans Improves Anti-tumor Imm...

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2012全国临床微生物与感染免疫学术研讨会

作者： Tian Jie,Wang Shengjun Department of Laboratory Medicine,the Affiliated People’s Hospital,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,212002,China

Background β-glucans have been shown to function as a potent immunomodulator to stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses,which contributes to their anti-tumor ***,their mechanisms of action are still ***-induced TNF receptor ligand(GITRL),a member of the TNF superfamily,binds to its receptor,GITR,on both effector and regulatory T cells,generates a positive co-stimulatory signal implicated in a wide range of T cell functions,which is important for the development of immune responses. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study,we found that wholeβ-glucan particles(WGPs) could activate dendritic cells(DCs) via dectin-1 receptor,and increase the expression of GITRL on DCs in vitro and in ***, we demonstrated that the increased GITRL on DCs could impair the regulartory T cell(Treg)-mediated suppression and enhance effector T cell proliferation in a GITR/GITRL dependent *** tumor models,DCs with high levels of GITRL were of great potential to prime cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) responses and down-regulate the suppressive activity of Treg cells,thereby leading to the delayed tumor progression. Conclusions/Significance These findings suggest that particulateβ-glucans can be used as an immunomodulator to stimulate potent T cell-mediated adaptive immunity while down-regulate suppressive immune activity via GITR/GITRL interaction,leading to a more efficient defense mechanism against tumor development.

关键词： GITRL Dendritic cells beta-glucan

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A water-soluble β-glucan improves growth performance by altering gut microbiome and health in weaned pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1345-1351页

作者： Yuliang Wu Xue Li Hongnan Liu Yanjun Du Jian Zhou Lijun Zou Xia Xiong Huilin Huang Zhiliang Tan Yulong Yin Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-CentralInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha410125HunanChina Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd. Chengdu610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Laboratory of Basic Biology Hunan First Normal UniversityChangsha410205China Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Changsha410128China

beta-glucan has been shown to have a beneficial effect on gastrointestinal *** experiment was conducted to investigate the effects ofβ-glucan isolated from Agrobacterium ***09 on growth performance and intestinal health of weaning pigs.A total of 108 weaned pigs(21 d of age;6.05±0.36 kg)were randomly divided into 3 groups(6 pens/group;6 pigs/pen),and the groups were each treated with the following diets:1)basal diet,2)basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg olaquindox,3)basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kgβ-glucan,for 21 *** with the control group,pigs fed with200 mg/kgβ-glucan had greaterBW,average daily gain and duodenal villus height to crypt depth ratio(Pglucan tended to increase the occludin mRNA expression in the jejunum(0.05beta-glucan enriched the beneficial microbiota in the ileum of pigs(Pglucan may promote growth performance by improving intestinal health and increasing beneficial microbiota of weaned *** study results will provide valuable theoretical guidance for the utilization ofβ-glucan in weaned pigs.

关键词： beta-glucan Small intestine Weaned pig

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Efficacy of multigrain supplementation in type 2 diabetes mellitus:A pilot study protocol for a randomized intervention trial

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第5期14卷 606-616页

作者： Nur Anis Mohd Ariffin Mastura Mohd Sopian Lai Kuan Lee Food Technology Division School of Industrial TechnologyUniversiti Sains MalaysiaGelugor 11800Pulau PinangMalaysia Oncology and Radiological Sciences Cluster Advanced Medical and Dental InstituteUniversiti Sains MalaysiaBertam 13200Pulau PinangMalaysia

BACKGROUND Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)may lead to microvascular complications(nephropathy,retinopathy,and neuropathy)and cardiovascular *** beta-glucan content in grains has the potential to improve insulin sensitivity,lowering postprandial glucose response and reducing inflammation degrees.A proper combination of grains not only satisfies human body’s need,but also provides essential and reasonable nutritional ***,no trial has been conducted to evaluate the roles of multigrain in *** To determine the efficacy of multigrain supplementation among T2DM *** From October 2020 to June 2021,a total of 50 adults living with T2DM,who were receiving standard diabetes care at Day Care Clinic,were randomized into either a supplementation group or a control *** supplementation group received twice daily 30 g multigrain supplement(equivalent to 3.4 g beta-glucan)with standard medication for 12 wk,while the control group was prescribed with standard *** such as glycemic control(HbA1c,FPG,and HOMO-IR),cardiometabolic profile(lipid profile,renal function test,and liver function test),oxidative stress status,nutritional status,and quality of life(QoL)were assessed at two time points:Baseline and the end of the treatment period(week 12).RESULTS The primary outcomes were the mean difference of glycated haemoglobin(%),fasting plasma glucose,and serum insulin as intervention *** outcomes included the measurement of cardiometabolic profile,antioxidative and oxidative stress status,nutritional status indices,and *** outcomes involved the determination of safety and tolerability,and supplementation *** The present clinical trial will reveal the effectiveness of multigrain supplementation among T2DM patients for the improvement of diabetes management.

关键词： beta-glucan Clinical trial Multigrain Type 2 diabetes mellitus Glycemic control

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Sperm quality improvement after natural anti-oxidant treatment of asthenoteratospermic men with leukocytospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第2期10卷 201-206页

作者： Paola Piomboni Laura Gambera Francesca Serafini Giovanna Campanella Giuseppe Morgante Vincenzo De Leo Department of Surgery Biology SectionObstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Gynecology and Obstetrics Section University of Siena Siena 53100 Italy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Couple Sterility Siena Hospital Siena 53100 Italy Department of Pediatrics Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Gynecology and Obstetrics Section University of Siena Siena 53100 Italy

Aim： To study the immune-modulating and anti-oxidant effects of beta-glucan, papaya, lactoferrin, and vitamins C and E on sperm characteristics of patients with asthenoteratozoospermia associated with leucocytosis. Methods： Fifty-one patients referred to our Sterility Center for semen analysis were selected. Sperm parameters were assessed before and after patient＇s treatment with beta-glucan, lactoferrin, papaya, and vitamins C and E. DNA damage was assessed by the acridine orange test and sperm structural characteristics were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. Results： After 90 days of treatment, an increase in the percentage of morphologically normal sperm （17.0 ± 5.2 vs. 29.8 ± 6.5） and total progressive motility （19.0± 7.8 vs. 34.8 ± 6.8） were detected. Structural sperm characteristics as well as chromatin integrity were also improved after treatment. In terms of leukocyte concentration in seminal fluid, a significant reduction was recorded （2.2 ± 0.9 vs. 0.9± 0.2）. Conclusion： The treatment of an inflammatory process by the synergic action of immune modulators and anti-oxidants could protect sperm during maturation and migration, leading to improved sperm function. （Asian JAndrol 2008 Mar;. 10： 201-206）

关键词： asthenoteratozoospermia leukocytospermia anti-oxidant beta-glucan papaya lactoferrin vitamin C vitamin E chromatinintegrity transmission electron microscopy

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Effect of β-glucan (Angel Yeast) Compared to a Placebo on Cold and Flu Incidence and Symptoms in an Adult Population—A Double Blind, Randomised Controlled Trial

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 484-497页

作者： David Briskey Haibo Zhang Zhixian Chen Amanda Rao RDC Clinical Brisbane Australia School of Health Science and Engineering Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function Angel Yeast Co. Ltd. Yichang China

Background: 1-3, 1-6 β-glucan derived from Baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been widely studied for its immune stimulatory capabilities and safety. Previous studies found β-glucan to have efficacy at reducing incidence of URTIs as well as being a low risk for negative side effects. The current study aimed to examine the effects of yeast β-glucan (Angel Yeast) on cold and flu incidences and symptoms in healthy adults. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-one males and females aged 18 to 65 years old supplemented with either β-glucan or a placebo for 3-months. Participants completed a general health questionnaire every 4 weeks and in addition, if participants experienced any cold or flu symptoms, these were recorded daily (along with severity) until resolved or up to 2 weeks. Results: Supplementation with β-glucan reduced the self-reported severity of sore throats and improved sleep quality compared to the placebo group. Conclusions: Yeast β-glucan supplementation appears to be able to help reduce certain symptoms experienced during a cold or flu episode and is safe and well tolerated.

关键词： beta-glucan Cold Flu Baker’s Yeast

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The Comparison of the Effect of Oat and Shiitake Mushroom Powder to Prevent Body Weight Gain in Rats Fed High Fat Diet

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第7期3卷 1009-1019页

作者： Dian Handayani Barbara J. Meyer Jiezhong Chen Patricia Tang Philip Chi Lip Kwok Hak-Kim Chan Xu-Feng Huang Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Faculty of Pharmacy The University of Sydney Australia Faculty of Pharmacy The University of Sydney Sydney Australia Metabolic Research Centre School of Health Sciences and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI) University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia Metabolic Research Centre School of Health Sciences and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI) University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia

Preventing obesity could be done by lowering plasma TAG that inhibits adipogenesis. Oat and mushroom beta-glucans in the diet has been reported to lower plasma lipid;however the data focusing on their effects on TAG and obesity are insufficient. In the present study, lowering plasma triacylglycerol, fat deposition, body weight gain (BWG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD) was evaluated. Rats in the control group were given HFD only and rats in the treatment group fed HFD enriched with 0.2%, 0.6% and 1.8% (wt:wt) beta-glucan from oats (LD-O, MD-O, HD-O) or mushroom (LD-M, MD-M, HD-M). After 6 weeks dietary intervention, the rats fed HD-M showed significantly lower plasma TAG, total fat mass, white adipose tissue, inguinal fat and BWG level more than HD-O treated rats (p beta-glucan origin, either from oats and Shiitake mushroom.

关键词： beta-glucan Triacylglycerol Fat Deposition Obesity Dietary Fibre

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