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Dietary supplementation of benzoic acid and essential oils combination enhances intestinal resilience against LPS stimulation in weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 878-897页

作者： Chang Cui Yulong Wei Yibo Wang Wen Ma Xiaoyu Zheng Jun Wang Ziwei Ma Caichi Wu Licui Chu Shihai Zhang Wutai Guan Fang Chen Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Background The benefits of combining benzoic acid and essential oils(BAO)to mitigate intestinal impairment during the weaning process have been well established,while the detailed underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated.Previous research has primarily focused on the reparative effects of BAO on intestinal injury,while neglecting its potential in enhancing intestinal stress resistance.Methods In this study,we investigated the pre-protective effect of BAO against LPS-induced stress using a modified experimental procedure.Piglets were pre-supplemented with BAO for 14 d,followed by a challenge with LPS or saline to collect blood and intestinal samples.Results Our findings demonstrated that BAO supplementation led to significant improvements in piglets’final weight,average daily gain,and feed intake/body gain ratio.Additionally,BAO supplementation positively influenced the composition of intestinal microbiota,increasing beneficial Actinobacteriota and Alloprevotella while reducing harmful Desulfobacterota,Prevotella and Oscillospira.Furthermore,BAO supplementation effectively mitigated oxidative disturbances and inflammatory responses induced by acute LPS challenge.This was evidenced by elevated levels of T-AOC,SOD,and GSH,as well as decreased levels of MDA,TNF-α,and IL-6 in the plasma.Moreover,piglets subjected to LPS challenge and pre-supplemented with BAO exhibited significant improvements in intestinal morphological structure and enhanced integrity,as indicated by restored expression levels of Occludin and Claudin-1 compared to the non-supplemented counterparts.Further analysis revealed that BAO supplementation enhanced the jejunal antioxidative capacity by increasing GSH-Px levels and decreasing MDA levels under the LPS challenge and stimulated the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.Additionally,the reduction of TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways activation and proinflammatory factor were also observed in the jejunal of those piglets fed with BAO.Conclusions In summary,our study demonstrates that

关键词： Anti-stress benzoic acid Essential oils Intestine LPS Weaned piglets

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Estimation of secondary nucleation kinetics of benzoic acid in batch crystallizer

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 232-239页

作者： Yan Zhao Weiyuan Zhang Jinbo Ouyang Guangyang Hou Vamsi Krishna Kamaraju Brian Glennon School of Chemical Engineering Hebei Normal University of Science and TechnologyQinhuangdao066004China Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre School of Chemical and Bioprocess EngineeringUniversity College DublinDublin 4Ireland Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices East China University of TechnologyNanchang330013China APC Ltd Dublin 4Ireland

The nucleation and growth kinetics of benzoic acid were determined in a population balance model,describing the seeded batch antisolvent crystallization process.The process analytical technologies(PATs)were utilized to record the evolution of chord length distributions(CLDs)in solid phase together with the concentration decay in liquid phase,which provided essential experimental information for parameter estimation.The model was solved using standard method of moments based on the moments calculated from CLDs and solute concentration.A developed model,incorporating the nucleation and crystal growth as functions of both supersaturation and solvent composition,has been constructed by fitting the zeroth moment of particles and concentration trends.The determined kinetic parameters were consequently validated against a new experiment with a different flow rate,indicating that the developed model predicted crystallization process reasonably well.This work illustrates the strategy in construct a population balance model for further simulation,model-based optimization and control studies of benzoic acid in antisolvent crystallization.

关键词： benzoic acid Antisolvent crystallization Population balance equation Nucleation Growth

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benzoic acid： an Efficient and Rapid Catalyst for the Synthesis of a-Hydroxyl（indolyl）ethanones from Indoles

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2016年第2期32卷 212-218页

作者： LV Guanghui CHENG Xu ZHENG Yang LI Weijian HAI Li WU Yong Key Laboratory of Drug-targeting Ministry of Education Department of Medicinal Chemistry West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China

An efficient method for regioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylations of indole using arylglyoxals in the presence of benzoic acid has been discovered. The reactions proceeded smoothly at room temperature under metalfree conditions and generated the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. This methodology has a broad substrate scope and opens up an interesting and attractive avenue for the synthesis of a-hydroxyl（indolyl）- ethanones.

关键词： Friedel-Crafts alkylation Indole Arylglyoxal benzoic acid

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Growth performance of nursery and grower-finisher pigs fed diets supplemented with benzoic acid

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第3期3卷 232-235页

作者： Hengxiao Zhai Wen Ren Shikui Wang Jinlong Wu Patrick Guggenbuhl Anna-Maria Kluenter DSM (China) Animal Nutrition Research Center Co.Ltd. DSM Nutritional Products France Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Animale DSM Nutritional Products Ltd.

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the efficacy of benzoic acid on the growth performance of nursery and grower-finisher pigs. A randomized complete block design was used in both experiments with the initial body weight as the blocking factor. There were 3 treatments corresponding to 3 dietary levels of benzoic acid: 0, 0.3%, and 0.5%. In experiment 1, a total of 144 PIC L1050 barrows(initial body weight 7.1 ± 0.6 kg) were used with each treatment replicated 8 times. In experiment 2, a total of 288 PIC L1050 barrows(initial body weight 36.1 ± 3.6 kg) were used with each treatment replicated 16 times.There were 6 barrows in each replicate pen for both experiments. Experiments 1 and 2 lasted 28 and 70 days, respectively. In experiment 1, average daily gain(ADG) of all growth phases increased linearly(P benzoic acid, which led to a linear improvement in average body weight on d 28(P benzoic acid. Average daily gain of d 0 to70 and average body weight on d 70 increased significantly in a both linear and quadratic manner. There was a linear improvement in FCR in all growth phases(P benzoic acid at the supplementation levels of 0.3% and 0.5% significantly improved the growth performance of nursery and grower-finisher pigs in the current study; the nursery pigs responded to the dietary supplementation of benzoic acid up to 0.5% linearly while the grower-finisher pigs achieved the optimal ADG at the calculated supplementation level of 0.36%.

关键词： benzoic acid Nursery pig Grower-finisher pig Average daily gain Average daily feed intake Feed conversion ratio

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Plasma-assisted oxidation of benzoic acid

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第4期14卷 513-521页

作者： Anna Khlyustova Nikolay Sirotkin Laboratory of Chemistry of Hybrid Nanomaterials and Supermolecular Systems G.A.Krestov Institute of Solution Chemitry of Russian Academy of SciencesIvanovo 153045Russia

Plasma-assisted oxidation of organic com-pounds is one of the developing technologies for wastewater treatment.Plasmas effectively accelerate degradation processes due to plasma generated reactive species and ultra-violet radiation.Oxidation of BA in aqueous solutions by the atmospheric pressure glow discharge and underwater diaphragm discharge was studied and monitored by fluorescence and spectrophoto-metric methods.Discharge type and solution pH affect the formation rates of mono-and dihydroxybenzoic acids.Dihydroxyl derivatives were formed only by glow discharge action.The yields of hydroxyl radical were estimated on the kinetics data for the hydroxylation of benzoic acid.The steps of the hydroxylation processes and further oxidation were described.

关键词： atmospheric pressure glow discharge under-water diaphragm discharge oxidation benzoic acid hydroxyl radical

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PROPERTIES AND THERMODYNAMICS OF ADSORPTION OF benzoic acid ONTO XAD-4 AND A WATER-COMPATIBLE HYPERCROSSLINKED ADSORBENT

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2003年第3期21卷 317-324页

作者：刘福强 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

The adsorption behavior of benzoic acid onto a water-compatible hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent NJ-8 wascompared with that onto macroporous Amberlite XAN-4. This paper focuses on the static equilibrium adsorption behaviors,the adsorption thermodynamics and the column dynamic adsorption profiles. Five isotherm models are used to fit the results.This shows that the Freundlich equation can give a perfect fit. The specific surface area of NJ-8 is about as high as that ofAmberlite XAD-4, but the adsorbing capacity for benzoic acid on NJ-8 is about 14.9%-64.8% higher than that on AmberliteXAD-4, which is attributed to its microporous mechanism and partial polarity. The negative values of the adsorptionenthalpy are indicative of an exothermic process. Both enthalpy and free energy changes of adsorption manifest a physicalsorption process. The negative values of the adsorption entropy indicate that adsorption is well consistent with the restrictedmobilities and the configurations of the adsorbed molecules on the surface of the studied adsorbents with superficialheterogeneity. Both adsorbents were used in mini-column experiments to demonstrate the higher breakthrough adsorbing capacity of the hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent NJ-8 to benzoic acid, as compared with that of Amberlite XAD-4.

关键词： Hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent benzoic acid Adsorption behaviors Thermodynamic properties Minicolumn adsorption

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Effects of benzoic acid,Bacillus coagulans and oregano oil combined supplementation on growth performance,immune status and intestinal barrier integrity of weaned piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第2期6卷 152-159页

作者： Junning Pu Daiwen Chen Gang Tian Jun He Ping Zheng Xiangbing Mao Jie Yu Zhiqing Huang Junqiu Luo Yuheng Luo Bing Yu Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition Ministry of EducationInstitute of Animal NutritionSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of benzoic acid,Bacillus coagulans and oregano oil combined supplementation on growth performance,immune status and intestinal barrier integrity of piglets.In a 26-d experiment,25 piglets were randomly assigned to 5 treatments:1)a basal diet,negative control(NC),2)NC added with antibiotics,positive control(PC);3)NC added with benzoic acid at 3,000 g/t and Bacillus coagulans at 400 g/t(AB);4)NC added with benzoic acid at 3,000 g/t and o regano oil at 400 g/t(AO);5)NC added with 3,000 g/t benzoic acid and Bacillus coagulans at 400 g/t and oregano oil at 400 g/t(ABO);On d 27,all piglets were euthanized to obtain jejunal mucosa to measure immune status and intestinal barrier integrity.Results showed that pigs fed AB diet increased the final body weight and average daily body weight gain and decreased the ratio of feed to gain co mpared with NC group(P<0.05).Co mpared with NC group,AB,AO and ABO decreased serum tumor necrosis factor-a concentration and ABO decreased interleukin-1βconcentration in serum and jejunal mucosa(P<0.05).Compared with NC group,AB upregulated mRNA expressions of sodium-glucose cotransportel,claudin-1,occludin and mucin2 in jejunal mucosa and the populations of Bifidobacterium and Bacillus in cecal digesta(P<0.05).Compared with NC group,ABO increased jejunal mucosal occludin mRNA abundance and Bifidobacterium population in cecal digesta,and decreased Escherichia coli population in cecal digesta(P<0.05).Furthermore,AB and ABO increased Bacillus population in cecal digesta compared with PC group(P<0.05).These results indicated that dietary AB supplementation could improve growth performance and intestinal barrier integrity of piglets when fed antibiotic-free diets,which was possibly associated with the improvement of immune status and intestinal microflora.Dietary ABO supplementation is also beneficial to improve immune status and intestinal barrier integrity and micro flora of piglets.

关键词： benzoic acid Bacillus coagulans Oregano oil Immune status Intestinal barrier integrity Piglets

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Effect of manganese and potassium addition on CeO_2-Al_2O_3 catalyst for hydrogenation of benzoic acid to benzaldehyde

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Journal of Rare Earths 2009年第5期27卷 723-727页

作者：程党国侯春阳陈丰秋詹晓力 Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Zhejiang University

A series of Mn/CeO2-Al2O3 and K/CeO2-Al2O3 catalysts for hydrogenation of benzoic acid to benzaldehyde were prepared to in- vestigate the effect of Mn, K addition on CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and H2-temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) results suggested that the interaction between CeO2 and MnOx enhanced the reducibility of catalysts and therefore benzoic acid conversion. The addition of K increased the number of basic number on the catalyst which leads to a high selectivity to benzaldehyde, but excessive addition imposed negative effects on the catalyst performance. A Mn-K/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst was developed and investigated in the reaction. The simultaneous addition of Mn and K enhanced not only the catalytic activity but also the capacity to resist the coke formation over catalyst.

关键词： benzaldehyde benzoic acid CeO2 manganese potassium rare earths

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Syntheses,Crystal Structures,and Fluorescence Properties of Three Coordination Polymers Constructed Based on benzoic acid and Its Derivatives

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2017年第12期36卷 2058-2066页

作者： LIU Guang-Zeng CHEN Hong-Tai ZHANG Xiu-Tang Advanced Material Institute of Research College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu Normal UniversityJinan 250013China

Three new different dimensional coordination polymers, namely, [Zn（BA-）2（4,4？-bib）-1.5]n（1）, [Zn（4-Br BA-）2（1,4-bmb）]n（2） and [Mn（4-Br BA）2（4,4？-bib）]n（3） have been assembled through the mixed-ligand synthetic strategy（4-HBr BA = 4-bromobenzoic acid, HBA = benzoic acid, 1,4-bmb = 1,4-bis（1 H-imidazol-4-yl）benzene, 4,4？-bib = 4,4？-bis（imidazolyl）biphenyl）. Their structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and further characterized by elemental analyses（EA）, powder X-ray diffraction（PXRD）, and thermogravimetric（TG） analyses. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the crystals of complexes 1~3 are all in triclinic systems, space group P1. Complexes 1 and 2 are 0D binuclear structures, and 3 is a 1 D chain. Moreover, the solid state fluorescence properties of 1 and 2 have been investigated.

关键词： 4-bromobenzoic acid benzoic acid 1 4-bis[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]benzene 4 4?-bis(imidazolyl)biphenyl

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Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Complex of Melamine with benzoic acid

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2008年第4期24卷 396-400页

作者： ZHANG Xiu-lian Department of Chemistry Guangdong Institute of Education Guangzhou 510310 P. R. China

A new complex of melamine（MA） with benzoic acid（HBA） was prepared, affording [（HMA＋）（BA-）]-2H2O. Each HBA molecule is deprotonated and one triazine nitrogen atom of MA is protonated. The adjacent HMA＋ cations are related via an inverse center to form ribbons with a pair of N--H…N hydrogen bonds. COO- groups of BA- anions are hydrogen bonded to alternate sides of the （HMA＋）∞ ribbons to generate indention ID tapes, which are extended into a 3D structure via N--H…O- and N--H…OW hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions. Predominant patterns of the hydrogen bond present in the complex are anion/water and amino/water tape structures. The hydrogen-bonding patterns consist of alternate 6, 10-membered rings sharing two edges. Infrared（IR） spectroscopy conforms that proton transfer has taken place in the complex.

关键词： Hydrogen bond Crystal structure Melamine benzoic acid

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