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Regulation of Resource Partitioning Coordinates Nitrogen and Rhizobia Responses and autoregulation of Modulation in Medicago tmncatula

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Molecular Plant 2019年第6期12卷 833-846页

作者： Beatriz Lagunas Mingkee Achom Roxanna Bonyadi-Pour Alonso J.Pardal Bethany L.Richmond Chrysi Sergaki Saul Vazquez Patrick Schafer Sascha Ott John Hammond Miriam L.Gifford School of Life Sciences University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK Department of Computer Science University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK Gateway Building Sutton Bonington Campus University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD UK School of Agriculture Policy and Development University of Reading Reading RG6 6AH UK Southern Cross Plant Science Southern Cross University Lismore NSW 2480 Australia

Understanding how plants respond to nitrogen in their environment is crucial for determining how they use it and how the nitrogen use affects other processes related to plant growth and development. Under nitrogen limitation the activity and affinity of uptake systems is increased in roots, and lateral root formation is regulated in order to adapt to low nitrogen levels and scavenge from the soil. Plants in the legume family can form associations with rhizobial nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and this association is tightly regulated by nitrogen levels. The effect of nitrogen on nodulation has been extensively investigated, but the effects of nodulation on plant nitrogen responses remain largely unclear. In this study, we integrated molecular and phenotypic data in the legume Medicago truncatula and determined that genes controlling nitrogen influx are differently expressed depending on whether plants are mock or rhizobia inoculated. We found that a functional autoregulation of nodulation pathway is required for roots to perceive, take up, and mobilize nitrogen as well as for normal root development. Our results together revealed that autoregulation of nodulation, root development, and the location of nitrogen are processes balanced by the whole plant system as part of a resource-partitioning mechanism.

关键词： Nitrogen transport Medicago root system architecture transcriptomics autoregulation of nodulation rhizobia

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A GmNINa-miR172c-NNC1 Regulatory Network Coordinates the Nodulation and autoregulation of Nodulation Pathways in Soybean

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Molecular Plant 2019年第9期12卷 1211-1226页

作者： Lixiang Wang Zhengxi Sun Chao Su Yongliang Wang Qiqi Yan Jiahuan Chen Thomas Ott Xia Li State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityNo.1 Shizishan RoadHongshan DistrictWuhanHubei 430070P.R.China College of Biological Science and Engineering Panzhihua UniversityNo.10 Airport RoadEastern DistrictPanzhihuaSichuanChina University of Freiburg.Faculty of Biology.University of Freiburg Schdnz丨estrasse 179104 Freiburg.Germany CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies University of Freiburg79104 FreiburgGermany

Symbiotic root nodules are root lateral organs of plants in which nitrogen-fixing bacteria(rhizobia)convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia.The formation and number of nodules in legumes are precisely controlled by a rhizobia-induced signal cascade and host-controlled autoregulation of nodulation(AON).However,how these pathways are integrated and their underlying mechanisms are unclear.Here,we report that microRNA172c(miR172c)activates soybean(Glycine max)R hizobia-induced CLE1(GmRICI)and GmRIC2 by removing the transcriptional repression of these genes by Nodule Number Control 1(NNC1),leading to the activation of the AON pathway.NNC1 interacts with GmNINa,the soybean ortholog of Lotus NODULE INCEPTION(NIN),and hampers its transcriptional activation o i G m RICI and GmRIC2.Importantly,GmNINa acts as a transcriptional activator of miR172c.Intriguingly,NNC1 can transcriptionally repress miR172c expression,adding a negative feedback loop into the NNC1 regulatory network.Moreover,GmNINa interacts with NNC1 and can relieve the NNC1-mediated repression of miR172c transcription.Thus,the GmNINa-miR172c-NNC1 network is a master switch that coordinately regulates and optimizes NF and AON signaling,supporting the balance between nodulation and AON in soybean.

关键词： nodule number autoregulation of nodulation miR172c-NNC1 negative feedback loop nodule inception

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Negative Feedback Regulation of Auxin Signaling by ATHB8/ACL5-BUD2 Transcription Module

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Molecular Plant 2014年第6期7卷 1006-1025页

作者： Simona Baima Valentina Forte Marco Possenti Andres Penalosa Guido Leoni Sergio Salvi Barbara Felici Ida Ruberti Giorgio Morelli Food and Nutrition Research Centre Agricultural Research Council Via Ardeatina 546 00178 Rome Italy Present address: Department of Physics Sapienza University of Rome Rle A Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy Present address: Soil-Plant System Studies Research Centre Agricultural Research Council Via della Navicella 2-4 00184 Rome Italy Institute of Biology Molecular Medicine and NanoBiotechnology National Research Council Rle A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy

The role of auxin as main regulator of vascular differentiation is well established, and a direct correlation between the rate of xylem differentiation and the amount of auxin reaching the （pro）cambial cells has been proposed. It has been suggested that thermospermine produced by ACAULIS5 （ACL5） and BUSHY AND DWARF2 （BUD2） is one of the factors downstream to auxin contributing to the regulation of this process in Arabidopsis. Here, we provide an in-depth characterization of the mechanism through which ACL5 modulates xylem differentiation. We show that an increased level of ACL5 slows down xylem differentiation by negatively affecting the expression of homeodomain-leucine zipper （HD- ZIP） III and key auxin signaling genes. This mechanism involves the positive regulation of thermospermine biosynthesis by the HD-ZIP III protein ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX8 tightly controlling the expression of ACL5 and BUD2. In addition, we show that the HD-ZIP III protein REVOLUTA contributes to the increased leaf vascularization and long hypocotyl phenotype of acl5 likely by a direct regulation of auxin signaling genes such as LIKE AUXIN RESISTANT2 （LAX2） and LAX3. We propose that proper formation and differentiation of xylem depend on a balance between positive and negative feedback loops operating through HD-ZIP III genes.

关键词： auxin procambium thermospermine autoregulation auxin influx transporters Arabidopsis.

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The effect of sildenafil on retinal blood velocity in healthy subjects

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Eye and Vision 2018年第1期5卷 269-274页

作者： Asaf Achiron Idan Hecht Chen Juza Adiel Barak Zvia Burgansky-Eliash Department of Ophthalmology Edith Wolfson Medical Center62 Halochamim St58100 HolonIsrael Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Urology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael Department of Ophthalmology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael

Purpose:It has been suggested that Sildenafil may have beneficial therapeutic effects in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.The retinal circulation is of significant interest as a marker of cerebral vascular disease since the retinal and cerebral vasculatures share many morphological and physiological properties,yet only the retinal circulation can be directly visualized.Therefore,our aim was to assess the change induced by Sildenafil on retinal blood velocity.Methods:Retinal flow velocity was measured 0.5,3 and 6 h following administration of 100 mg of Sildenafil using the Retinal Function Imager.Results:No clinical change in either systemic blood pressure or retinal flow velocities were observed.However,when controlling for heart rate and blood pressure,a significant drop in venous flow velocity 6 h following treatment(mean drop 0.3±0.07;95%CI:0.44–0.56,P=0.023)was revealed.Conclusions:In healthy volunteers,retinal venous flow velocity was significantly reduced at the 6-h time point following Sildenafil treatment.No effect was observed on arterial retinal flow velocity.

关键词： Sildenafil Retinal function imager autoregulation

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Basic Principles Underlying Human Physiology

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Health 2014年第14期6卷 1816-1821页

作者： Dumitru Pavel Bucharest Medical University Bucharest Romania

This is to declare that the article entitled “Basic Principles Underlying Human Physiology” [Health 6 (2014) 1816-1821] published in Health has been withdrawn due to the fact that the contents of this paper need further research and study. The article content (HTML and PDF) is removed and replaced with this announcement. The approval has been obtained from the author of this paper regarding the withdrawal of the article. In making this decision, the editorial office of Health is guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. In this context, Health strives to promote the circulation of scientific research, offering an ideal research publication platform to the world with specific regard to the ethical, moral and legal concerns involved. We would like to extend our sincere apologies for any inconvenience it may cause.

关键词： Specialized autoregulation Tricuspid Homeostasis Variation

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Revisiting normal perfusion pressure breakthrough in light of hemorrhage-induced vasospasm

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World Journal of Radiology 2010年第6期2卷 230-232页

作者： Matthew D Alexander E Sander Connolly Philip M Meyers Department of Diagnostic Imaging Santa Clara Valley Medical CenterSan JoseCA 95128United States Department of Neurological Surgery Columbia UniversityCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNY 10032United States Department of Radiology Columbia UniversityCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNY 10032United States

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations(AVMs) have abnormally enlarged arteries and veins prone to spontaneous hemorrhage.Immediately following surgical excision of a cerebral AVM,even normal brain tissue surrounding the lesion is subject to hemorrhage,a phenomenon termed normal perfusion pressure breakthrough(NPPB) syndrome.According to this theory,arteries supplying cerebral AVMs become dilated and lose their capacity to dilate or constrict to autoregulate pressure.Acutely after removal of a cerebral AVM,excessive blood pressure in these arterial feeders can cause normal brain tissue to bleed.However,this theory remains controversial.We present a patient with a cerebral AVM that demonstrated cerebrovascular reactivity and argues against an assumption underlying the theory of NPPB syndrome.

关键词： Arteriovenous malformation autoregulation Normal perfusion pressure breakthrough Subarachnoid hemorrhage Vasospasm

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