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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第5期19卷 540-545页

作者： ZHANG Bao-hua WU De-yi WANG Chong HE Sheng-bing ZHANG Zhen-jia KONG Hai-nan School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

Zeolite synthesized from fly ash （ZFA） without modification is not efficient for the purification of NH4＋ and phosphate at low concentrations that occur in real effluents, despite the high potential removal capacity. To develop an effective technique to enhance the removal efficiency of ammonium and phosphate at low concentrations, ZFA was modified with acid treatment and the simultaneous removal of ammonium and phosphate in a wide range of concentration was investigated. It was seen that when compared with untreated ZFA, only the treatment by 0.01 mol/L of H2SO4 significantly improved the removal efficiency of ammonium at low initial concentrations. The behavior was well explained by the pH effect. treatment by more concentrated H2SO4 led to the deterioration of the ZFA structure and a decrease in the cation exchange capacity. treatment by 0.01 mol/L H2SO4 improved the removal efficiency of phosphate by ZFA at all initial P concentrations, while the treatment by concentrated H2SO4 （≥0.9 mol/L） resulted in a limited maximum phosphate immobilization capacity （PIC）. It was concluded that through a previous mild acid treatment （e.g. 0.01 mol/L of H2SO4）, ZFA can be used in the simultaneous removal of NH4＋ and P at low concentrations simulating real effluent.

关键词： zeolite fly ash acid treatment ammonium phosphate removal

Catalytic performance improvement of volatile organic compounds oxidation over MnO_(x) and GdMnO_(3) composite oxides from spent lithium-ion batteries:Effect of acid treatment

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第6期34卷 278-288页

作者： Mingming Guo Lizhong Liu Jia-nan Gu Hongbo Zhang Xin Min Jianxing Liang Jinping Jia Kan Li Tonghua Sun School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai 201418China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecology Security Shanghai 200092China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of SolidWaste treatment and Resource Recovery Shanghai 200240China

In this work,cathode materials of spent lithium-ion ternary batteries are recovered and used as metal precursor to prepare multi-metal oxides MnO_(x)(SY)and GdMnO_(3)(SY)via combustion method and sol-gel method,***,a series of MnO_(x)(SY)-n and GdMnO_(3)(SY)-n(n=0.05,0.10,1.00,4.00,n represents the dilute HNO_(3) concentration)catalysts are fabricated by acid treatment of MnO_(x)(SY)and GdMnO_(3)(SY)samples and catalytic activities of oxygenated VOCs oxidation over all the prepared catalysts are *** evaluation results show that acid-treated MnO_(x)(SY)-0.10 and GdMnO_(3)(SY)-0.05 samples perform the optimum VOCs removal efficiency respectively,which may be attributed to their obvious enhancement of physicochemical *** detail,Mn O_(x)(SY)-0.10 and GdMnO_(3)(SY)-0.05 samples exhibit the larger specific surface area,bigger amount of surface high-valence metal ions(Mn^(4+),Co^(3+),Ni^(3+)),more abundant adsorbed oxygen species and better low-temperature reducibility,which can play a crucial role in the significant improvement of VOCs *** situ DRIFTS results imply that the possible main intermediates are-OCO,-COO and-C-O species produced during VOCs *** by-products are further determined via TD/GC-MS analysis.

关键词： Spent lithium-ions batteries acid treatment Multi manganese-based oxides and perovskite VOCs oxidation

Enhancing the crystalline degree of carbon nanotubes by acid treatment, air oxidization and heat treatment

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2005年第1期12卷 38-42页

作者： ChenshaLi BaoyouZhang XingjuanChen XiaoqingHu JiLiang DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering TsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084China CenterforAnalysisandMeasurement HarbinInstituteofTechnologyHarbin150001China ChemistryEngineeringDepartment HarbinengineeringuniversityHarbin150001China TheStatekeyLabofNewCeramicsandFineProcessingofTsinghuaUniversity Beijing100084China

Three approaches of treating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) including acid treatment, air oxidization and heat treatment at high temperature were studied to enhance the crystalline degree of carbon nanotubes. High temperature heat-treatment elevates the crystalline degree of carbon nanotubes. acid treatment removes parts of amorphous carbonaceous matter through its oxidization effect. Air oxidization disperses carbon nanotubes and amorphous carbonaceous matter. The treatment of combining acid treatment with heat-treatment further elevates the crystalline degree of carbon nanotubes comparing with acid treatment or heat-treatment. The combination of the three treatments creates the thorough effects of enhancing the crystalline degree of carbon nanotubes.

关键词： carbon nanotubes acid treatment air oxidization heat treatment

Influence of acid treatment on Pore Structure and Fractal Characterization of a Tight Sandstone:A Case Study from Wudun Sag,Dunhuang Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第2期97卷 562-572页

作者： GENG Weile WANG Jiandong ZHANG Xuecai WANG Jun DONG Chenqiang ZHOU Guangqing HUANG Gun LI Lin State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control School of Resources and Safety EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China School of Safety and Management Engineering Hunan Institute of TechnologyHengyangHunan 421002China Oil and Gas Exploration Management Centre Shengli Oilfield CompanySINOPECDongyingShandong 257000China Xinjiang Xinchun Petroleum Development Company Limited SINOPECDongyingShandong 257000China

In this study,X-ray diffraction,N_(2)adsorption(N_(2)A),and mercury intrusion(MI)experiments were used to investigate the influence of acid treatment on pore structure and fractal characterization of tight *** results showed that acid treatment generated a certain number of ink-bottle pores in fine sandstone,aggravated the ink-bottle effect in the sandy mudstone,and transformed some smaller pores into larger *** the acid treatment,both the pore volume in the range of 2–11 nm and 0.271–8μm for the fine sandstone and the entire pore size range for the sandy mudstone significantly *** dissolution of sandstone cement causes the fine sandstone particles to fall off and fill the pores;the porosity increased at first but then decreased with acid treatment *** fractal dimension obtained using the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill model was positively correlated with acid treatment ***,the total fractal dimensions obtained by MI tests showed different changes with acid treatment time in fine sandstone and sandy *** results provide good guiding significance for reservoir acidification stimulation.

关键词： pore structure acid treatment full pore size distribution fractal dimension tight sandstone

Effect of acid treatment on Electrocatalytic Performance of PtNi Catalyst

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2021年第3期37卷 686-695页

作者： GUO Ruihua QIAN Fei AN Shengli ZHANG Jieyu CHOU Kuo-Chih YE Jinyu ZHOU Zhiyou School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010P.R.China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Device School of Materials and MetallurgyInner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010P.R.China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai200072P.R.China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P.R.China

In this paper,we describe the synthesis of the AC-PtNi/G catalysts with graphene as the carrier,via the alcohol reduction and the sulfuric acid *** prepared catalysts were microscopically characterized by X-ray diffractometry(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron spectroscopy(EDAX),and transmission electron micros-copy(TEM).We tested the electrochemical performance of the prepared catalysts using an electrochemical workstation and in situ infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The results showed that the acid-treated AC-PtNi/G catalysts had a more uniform dispersion and with the increased of treatment time,the particle size of the catalyst became *** the electrocatalytic performance of the AC-PtNi/G-48h catalyst treated with sulfuric acid for 48 h was significantly better than that of the untreated PtNi/G *** electrochemically active surface area was 76.63 m^(2)/g,and the peak current density value for catalytic oxidation of ethanol was 1218.83 A/g,which was 10 times that of ordinary commercial Pt/C *** steady-state current density value of 1100 s was 358.77 A/g,and it has excellent anti-CO toxicity *** was determined that a sulfuric acid treatment controlled catalyst particle size and increased the electrocatalytic activity of the catalytic oxidation of ethanol.

关键词： Platinum Graphene acid treatment Particle size Electrocatalytic oxidation

Analysis on the Variation Expression of Difficult-Dissolved-Proteins of Diapause Eggs After Activating by acid treatment

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第12期7卷 1474-1480页

作者： ZHAO Feng LIN Jian-rong HUO Yong-kang MAO Li-ming KONG Qing-ming XU Qiu-yun ZHONG Yang-sheng WANG Ye-yuan Department of Silk Science College of Animal Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510640 P.R.China

Using HCl to activate the diapause eggs is a traditional technique of artificial hatching applied in silkworm egg production. Its mechanism has not yet been clarified. This experiment explored the effect of HCl on the termination of diapause of silkworm eggs cold-stored for 45 days from the point of proteomes. Two-dimensional electrophoresis techniques and ESI- MS-MS were used to compare and analyze the variation expression of difficult-dissolved-proteins of diapause eggs coldstored for 45 days before and after acid treatment. Through analysis on the two-dimensional electrophoretogram, there were 296 dots before acid treatment and 302 after the treatment, respectively. Amongst them 265 dots were matchable. The matchability reached 88.6%. There were 31 specific protein dots before acid treatment and 37 after acid treatment, respectively. ESI-MS-MS analysis was conducted for two specific protein-rich dots which disappeared after acid treatment. The results indicated that the sequence of No. 1 protein dot had 55 amino acids＇ peptide matched with those of chorion protein （Bombyx mori）. While the sequence of No. 2 protein dot had only 15 amino acids＇ peptide matched with those of heat shock protein hsp 19.9 （Bombyx mori）, and it was presumed to be an unknown protein. The difficult-dissolvedproteins of diapause eggs have variation expression after acid treatment. Some proteins before and after acid treatment are changed in MW.

关键词： silkworm egg acid treatment protein electrophoresis image analysis

PREPARATION OF HOLLOW LATEX PARTICLES BY ALKALI-acid treatment

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2001年第1期6卷 10-15页

作者：郝冬梅王新灵朱卫华唐小真刘成岑施凯 School of Chemistry and Chemical Tech. Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. Dept. of Chemistry Eng. Taiyuan Univ. of Tech.

Hollow polymer latex particles were prepared by seeded emulsion polymerization. A seed latex consisting of styrene (St), butyl acrylate(BA) copolymer was first prepared, and seeded terpolymerization of St BA MA(methacrylic acid) were then carried out in the absence of surfactant. Final latex was treated by a two step treatment under alkaline and acidic conditions, thus, the particles with hollow structure were obtained. We discussed the effects of pH value, temperature and time in alkali and acid treatment processes on hollow structure within the polymer latex particles and amount of carboxylic group on particle surface. The results show that the hollow polymer latex particles with the largest hollow size can be obtained under a certain condition (pH12.5, 90°C, 3 h in alkali treatment stage and pH2.5, 85°C, 3 h in acid treatment stage).

关键词： seeded emulsion polymerization hollow polymer particles alkali treatment acid treatment morphology

INFLUENCES OF acid POST-treatment ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF SOAP-FREE P(MMA-EA-MAA)PARTICLES PREPARED BY SEEDED EMULSION POLYMERIZATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2005年第5期23卷 479-485页

作者： Kai Kang Cheng-you Kan Yi Du De-shan Liu Department of Chemical Engineering,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China Department of Chemical Engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084

Soap-free poly（methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate-methacrylic acid） latex particles with narrow size distribution were synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization, and the porous particles were created by a stepwise alkali/acid treatment method. Effects of acid treatment conditions on the particle morphology were investigated. Results show that one to three pores were formed inside most of particles after post-treatment. At pH 7.0, when the treatment temperature was lower than 70℃, the size of particles and the volume of pores remained almost unchanged, and these two values increased significantly when the temperature was higher than 70℃. Both the particle size and the pore volume decreased with the increase of initial pH value and treatment time in the acid treatment. As the pH was below 4.0 and the treatment time was longer than 180 min, the particles shrunk in size.

关键词： Soap-free emulsion polymerization Particle morphology Porous structure acid treatment Methyl methacrylate based copolymer.

Oxygen vacancy engineering for tuning the catalytic activity of LaCoO_(3) perovskite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 506-514,I0003页

作者： Jeong Hyun Cho Minjae Kim Inchan Yang Kyung Tae Park Chang Houn Rhee Hai Woong Park Ji Chul Jung Department of Chemical Engineering Myongji UniversityYongin 17058Republic of Korea Institute of Advanced Composite Materials Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyWanju-gunJeollabuk-do 55324Republic of Korea Iron&Steel Process Engineering Research Group POSCOPohang 37859Republic of Korea Hydrogen Research Center Research Institute of Industrial Science&Technology(RIST)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Herein, we attempted to engineer oxygen vacancies on the surface of LaCoO_(3) perovskite through simple post-treatments(acid or reductive thermal treatments). acid treatment induces oxygen vacancies through the selective etching of the La cations, whereas thermal treatment in a reducing atmosphere generates oxygen vacancies by directly removing lattice oxygen. The characterization results confirm that the number of surface oxygen vacancies, which are crucial in various catalytic oxidation reactions,considerably increases in the LaCoO_(3) catalysts treated with acid or reducing gas. acid treatment enriches the oxygen vacancies while maintaining the structure of the LaCoO_(3) catalysts, which can not be achieved through reductive thermal treatment. Therefore, the acid treatment is considered a promising technique for oxygen vacancy engineering of perovskite catalysts for tuning their catalytic activities. Furthermore,the catalytic activities of the posttreated LaCoO_(3) catalysts for CO oxidation were evaluated and are noted to be considerably better than those of the pristine LaCoO_(3) catalyst due to their abundant oxygen vacancies. Consequently, we conclude that the oxygen vacancies of perovskite catalysts can be effectively engineered via two simple methods and play a significant role in CO oxidation.

关键词： LaCoO_(3)perovskite acid treatment Reductive thermal treatment Oxygen vacancy CO oxidation Rare earths

Scaling and clogging treatment of aging tunnel drainage pipes in karst areas using eco-friendly acid agent

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第4期15卷 896-910页

作者： Zhipeng Xu Xuemei Wang Chunfang Zhang Dejian Zeng Changwu Liu College of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Chemistry Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Chemistry and Environment Science Hebei UniversityBaoding071002China China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.Ltd. Chengdu610031China

In karst areas,the drainage pipes of aging tunnels are prone to be clogged by precipitated carbonates,resulting in lining cracking and tunnel *** a result,not only the driving safety will be deteriorated,but also the water pressure on the lining might also be elevated *** the structural stability and service lifespan of old tunnels,it is of great importance to remove these precipitated carbonates in *** treatment methods are often destructive to some extent or not efficient *** study aims to experimentally develop an eco-friendly acid-based chemical cleaning method to remove carbonate precipitations *** proposed chemical cleaning agent is an aqueous solution with strong acidity,consisting of sulfamic acid,water,and *** factors affecting the cleaning efficiency include the acid solubility,temperature and flow rate of the cleaning agent,as well as *** the solution temperature to 50C or a flow rate of no less than 0.2 m/s can improve cleaning *** the salt effect cannot work,1 wt%of polymaleic acid as a surfactant could further promote the cleaning *** cleaning efficiency will increase with the flow rate in a power *** relatively low flow rate that improves the cleaning rate considerably can avoid highpressure-induced mechanical damage to tunnel *** waste could be easily treated to acceptable levels using commercial sewage treatment products and can also be recycled in *** the chemical cleaning,the water pressure at the arch springing of the lining will reduce with the increased radius of transverse drainpipes in a power *** proposed acid-based cleaning method,which is highly efficient,non-or low-destructive to aging tunnels,sufficiently safe for humans,and friendly enough to the environment,will offer a promising alternative to remove the precipitated carbonates in tunnel drainpipes efficiently.

关键词： Clogging Scaling Carbonate precipitation acid treatment Water pressure on the lining Aging tunnel Karst