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Science in One Health 2024年第1期3卷 1-4页

作者： Robert Bergquist Jin-Xin Zheng Xiao-Nong Zhou Geospatial Health IngerodBrastadSweden School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine ShanghaiChina National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at China CDC(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Centre for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina Hainan Center for Tropical diseases Research(Hainan Sub-Center of Chinese Center for Tropical diseases Research) HaikouChina

Artificial intelligence(AI)is a rapidly evolving field that can impel research in communicable diseases with respect to climate projections,ecological indicators and environmental impact,at the same time revealing new,previously overlooked events.A number of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases already show signs of expanding their northern geographical ranges and appropriate risk assessment and decision support are urgently *** deployment of AI-enabled monitoring systems tracking animal populations and environmental changes is of immense potential in the study of transmission under different climate *** addition,AI's capability to identify new treatments should not only accelerate drug and vaccine discovery but also help predicting their effectiveness,while its contribution to genetic pathogen speciation would assist the evaluation of spillover risks with regard to viral infections from animals to *** collaboration between AI experts,epidemiologists and other stakeholders is not only crucial for responding to challenges interconnected with a variety of variables effectively,but also necessary to warrant responsible AI *** its wider successful implementation in many fields,AI should be seen as a complement to,rather than a replacement of,traditional public health measures.

关键词： Climate change zoonotic diseases Artificial intelligence Sustainable solutions Indicator

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Several major issues concerning the environmental transmission and risk prevention of SARS-CoV-2

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第6期65卷 1047-1056页

作者： Jin MA Jian XU Xiaoli ZHAO Shouliang HUO Xiaoli DUAN Yunsong MU Ying WANG Yuan WEI Jiang CHANG Xiaowei JIN Fengchang WU State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Environment and Nature Resource Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100012China

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is the most serious infectious disease pandemic in the world in a century, and has had a serious impact on the health, safety, and social and economic development of all mankind. Since the earth entered the“Anthropocene”, human activities have become the most important driving force of the evolution of the earth system. At the same time, the epidemic frequency of major human infectious diseases worldwide has been increasing, with more than 70% of novel diseases having zoonotic origins. The review of several major epidemics in human history shows that there is a common rule, i.e., changes in the natural environment have an important and profound impact on the occurrence and development of epidemics. Therefore, the impact of the natural environment on the current COVID-19 pandemic and its mechanisms have become scientific issues that need to be resolved urgently. From the perspective of the natural environment, this study systematically investigated several major issues concerning the environmental transmission and risk prevention of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2). From a macroscopic temporal and spatial scale, the research focus on understand the impact of the destruction of the natural environment and global changes on the outbreak of infectious diseases;the threat of zoonotic diseases to human health;the regularity for virus diffusion, migration and mutation in environmental media;the mechanisms of virus transmission from animals and environmental media to humans;and environmental safety, secondary risk prevention and control of major epidemics. Suggestions were made for future key research directions and issues that need attention, with a view to providing a reference for the prevention and control of the global coronavirus disease 2019, and to improving the ability of response to major public health emergencies.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Environmental transmission Risk prevention zoonotic diseases Ecological security

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Socio-environmental factors associated with small mammal assemblage and Leptospira prevalence in Suburban Areas of Terengganu,Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第9期17卷 400-407,I0002,I0003页

作者： Mohammad Izuan Mohd Zamri Nur Juliani Shafie Mohammad Ridhuan Mohd Ali Adedayo Michael Awoniyi Hernan Dario Argibay Federico Costa Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Bacteriology Unit Institute for Medical Research(IMR)Kuala LumpurMalaysia Institute of Collective Health Federal University of BahiaSalvadorBrazil Gonçalo Moniz Research Center Oswaldo Cruz FoundationBrazilian Ministry of HealthSalvadorBahiaBrazil Department of Epidemiology of Microbial diseases Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCT06511USA Lancaster Medical School Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YWUK

Objective:To examine the socio-environmental factors associated with the assemblage of small mammals and the prevalence of Leptospira pathogen in poor suburban communities of Terengganu,***:We trapped small mammals from 119 trapping points scattered around three suburban communities of Terengganu using sausage-baited live *** the average,we set up five traps for three nights at each sampling point during the trapping *** of captured animals were harvested and processed for Leptospira ***,environmental survey was conducted at each trapping point to obtain information about possible variables supporting small mammal *** used a generalized linear model to evaluate the effect of different socio-environmental variables on small mammals’***:A total of 89 small mammals,specifically,Rattus norvegicus(n=39),Rattus rattus(n=27),Rattus exulans(n=10),Suncus murinus(n=11),and Tupaia glis(n=2)were captured from 1385 trap *** individuals(15.7%)of the captured animals tested positive for Leptospira bacteria using PCR *** of our generalized linear model showed only residences bordering vacant lots as the variable positively associated with small mammal occurrence in the three study ***:Small mammal community,especially the often neglected species,could harbour and potentially contribute towards pathogenic Leptospira maintenance in the study *** adequately control small mammals’population and subsequent human zoonoses transmission,it is critical to advocate and promote appropriate infrastructure and suburban services,together with good hygiene practices that can reduce the animals’access to food and harborage.

关键词： Leptospirosis Rodents Small mammals control Suburban community zoonotic diseases

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Monkeypox virus(MPXV):A Brief account of global spread,epidemiology,virology,clinical features,pathogenesis,and therapeutic interventions

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Infectious Medicine 2023年第4期2卷 262-272页

作者： Md Aminul Islam Jubayer Mumin Md Masudul Haque MdAzizul Haque Ahrar Khan Prosun Bhattacharya Md Atiqul Haque Advanced Molecular Lab Department of MicrobiologyPresident Abdul Hamid Medical CollegeKarimganj 2310Bangladesh COVID-19 Diagnostic Lab Department of MicrobiologyNoakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhali 3814Bangladesh Department of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetSE-17177 StockholmSweden Department of Public Health North South UniversityDhaka 1229Bangladesh Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of AgricultureHajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology UniversityDinajpur 5200Bangladesh Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College Weifang 261061China COVID-19 Research@KTH Department of Sustainable DevelopmentEnvironmental Science and EngineeringKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-10044 StockholmSweden Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonoses of Ministry of Agriculture College of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100019China Department of Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary and Animal ScienceHajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology UniversityDinajpur 5200Bangladesh

The largest monkeypox virus(MPXV)outbreak of the 21st century occurred in 2022,which caused epidemics in many *** to WHO,physical contact with infected persons,contaminated surfaces,or affected animals might be a source of this virus transmission.A febrile sickness including few symptoms found in MPX *** rash,lesions,fever,headache,fatigue,and muscle aches symptoms were observed commonly for this *** and in vitro,studies have shown that the antiviral medications cidofovir and brincidofovir are effective against *** first-generation vaccinia virus vaccine was developed in 1960,and it helped to protect against MPXV with its side effects.A second-generation vaccination with limitations was launched in ***,the CDC advised vaccinations for risk groups in endemic countries,including positive patients and hospital *** JYNNEOS vaccine,administered in 2 doses,also provides protection from *** article presents concisely the most recent findings regarding epidemiology,genomic transmission,signs and symptoms,pathogenesis,diagnosis,and therapeutic interventions for MPXV,which may be helpful to researchers and *** declared that MPX was no longer a global health emergency due to its declining case rate,and a number of countries have reported new *** research-based investigations must be carried out based on the 2022 outbreak.

关键词： Monkeypox(MPX) Monkeypox virus(MPXV) Epidemiology zoonotic diseases Re-emerging viruses Genomic dissemination Vaccination and Treatment

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A global overview of the most important zoonotic bacteria pathogens transmitted from Rattus norvegicus to humans in urban environments

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Infectious Medicine 2022年第3期1卷 192-207页

作者： Sahar Sabour Taher Azimi Ahmad Nasser Nahal Hadi Amin Mohsenzadeh Aref Shariati Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Bacteriology&Virology School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical ScienceShirazIran Department of Pathobiology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Microbiology Ardabil BranchIslamic Azad UniversityArdabilIran Molecular and medicine research center Khomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran

zoonotic pathogens,comprising over 61%of all pathogenic microorganisms,can be transmitted from different animals to individuals in numerous ways either in the presence or the absence of a *** new emerging human infectious diseases,these pathogens could be categorized into 4 groups,bacteria,viruses,parasites,and *** the wide range of reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens,tremendous attention has been attracted to wild rats,due to their global distribution not only in urban environments but also in the sylvatic and agricultural *** the nonce,zoonotic bacteria transmitted via wild rats have turned into a global public health problem probably due to their ability to induce re-emerging diseases even after eradication and controlling *** the importance of wild rats in spreading pathogens,little data are available about the bacterial diversity present in urban wild rat *** this review,we present a complete list of zoonotic bacterial pathogens isolated from wild rats in urban environments.

关键词： Zoonosis Bacterial diseases zoonotic diseases Wild rats Rattus rattus

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Identifying the research gap of zoonotic disease in displacement:a systematic review

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Global Health Research and Policy 2021年第1期6卷 235-246页

作者： Dorien Hanneke Braam Freya Louise Jephcott James Lionel Norman Wood Disease Dynamics Unit Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK

Background:Outbreaks of zoonotic diseases that transmit between animals and humans,against a backdrop of increasing levels of forced migration,present a major challenge to global public *** review provides an overview of the currently available evidence of how displacement may affect zoonotic disease and pathogen transmission,with the aim to better understand how to protect health and resilience of displaced and host ***:A systematic review was conducted aligned with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)reporting *** December 2019-February 2020,PubMed,Web of Science,PLoS,ProQuest,Science Direct and JSTOR were searched for *** were included based on a focus on zoonotic disease risks in displacement and/or humanitarian emergencies,and relevance in terms of livestock dependency of the displaced *** was synthesised in form of a table and thematic ***:Of all records,78 papers were selected for *** the included studies,the majority were based on secondary data,including literature reviews(n=43)and case studies(n=5),while the majority of papers covered wide geographical areas such as the Global South(n=17)and Africa(n=20).The review shows significant gaps in the literature,which is specifically lacking primary data on zoonotic diseases in *** factors for the transmission of zoonoses in displacement are based on generic infectious disease risks,which include the loss of health services,increased population density,changes in environment,reduced quality of living conditions and socio-economic *** of the presence of these disease drivers during forced migration however,there is little evidence of large-scale zoonotic disease outbreaks linked directly to livestock in ***:Due to the lack of primary research,the complex interlinkages of factors affecting zoonotic pathogen transmission in displace

关键词： zoonotic diseases Zoonoses Forced migration Displacement One health Humanitarian emergencies Syndemics

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Towards a global One Health index: a potential assessment tool for One Health performance

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2022年第3期11卷 12-26页

作者： Xiao-Xi Zhang Jing-Shu Liu Le-Fei Han Shang Xia Shi-Zhu Li Odel YLi Kokouvi Kassegne Min Li Kun Yin Qin-Qin Hu Le-Shan Xiu Yong-Zhang Zhu Liang-Yu Huang Xiang-Cheng Wang Yi Zhang Han-Qing Zhao Jing-Xian Yin Tian-Ge Jiang Qin Li Si-Wei Fei Si-Yu Gu Fu-Min Chen Nan Zhou Zi-Le Cheng Yi Xie Hui-Min Li Jin Chen Zhao-Yu Guo Jia-Xin Feng Lin Ai Jing-Bo Xue Qian Ye Liz Grant Jun-Xia Song Geoff Simm Jürg Utzinger Xiao-Kui Guo Xiao-Nong Zhou School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China One Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of EdinburghShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China National Institute of Parasitic diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Shanghai Legislative Research Institute ShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Zhuhai Branch ESPREBeijing Normal University Zhuhai CampusZhuhaiGuangdongPeople’s Republic of China Global Health Academy The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations RomeItaly Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Systems The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute AllschwilSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland

Background:A One Health approach has been increasingly mainstreamed by the international community, as it provides for holistic thinking in recognizing the close links and inter-dependence of the health of humans, animals and the environment. However, the dearth of real-world evidence has hampered application of a One Health approach in shaping policies and practice. This study proposes the development of a potential evaluation tool for One Health performance, in order to contribute to the scientific measurement of One Health approach and the identification of gaps where One Health capacity building is most urgently ***:We describe five steps towards a global One Health index (GOHI), including (i) framework formulation;(ii) indicator selection;(iii) database building;(iv) weight determination;and (v) GOHI scores calculation. A cell-like framework for GOHI is proposed, which comprises an external drivers index (EDI), an intrinsic drivers index (IDI) and a core drivers index (CDI). We construct the indicator scheme for GOHI based on this framework after multiple rounds of panel discussions with our expert advisory committee. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process is adopted to determine the weights for each of the ***:The weighted indicator scheme of GOHI comprises three first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators, and 57 third-level indicators. According to the pilot analysis based on the data from more than 200 countries/territories the GOHI scores overall are far from ideal (the highest score of 65.0 out of a maximum score of 100), and we found considerable variations among different countries/territories (31.8–65.0). The results from the pilot analysis are consistent with the results from a literature review, which suggests that a GOHI as a potential tool for the assessment of One Health performance might be ***:GOHI—subject to rigorous validation—would represent the world’s first evaluation tool that constructs the

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Cell-like framework Climate change Food security Global One Health index(GOHI) Global performance assessment Governance zoonotic diseases

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Social insights on the implementation of One Health in zoonosis prevention and control: a scoping review

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2022年第3期11卷 1-11页

作者： Junyi He Zhaoyu Guo Pin Yang Chunli Cao Jing Xu Xiaonong Zhou Shizhu Li National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghai200025China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China

Background:The One Health (OH) concept has been promoted widely around the globe. OH framework is expected to be applied as an integrated approach to support addressing zoonotic diseases as a significant global health issue and to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of zoonosis prevention and control. This review is intended to overview the social impact of the implementation of OH on zoonosis prevention and ***:A scoping review of studies in the past 10 years was performed to overview the integration feature of OH in zoonosis prevention and control and the social impacts of OH. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for studies published in English between January 2011 and June 2021. The included studies were selected based on predefined ***:Thirty-two studies were included in this review, and most of them adopted qualitative and semi-qualitative methods. More than 50% of the studies focused on zoonosis prevention and control. Most studies were conducted in low- and middle-income countries in Africa and Asia. Applying OH approach in diseases control integrates policymakers, stakeholders, and academics from various backgrounds. The impact of OH on economic is estimated that it may alleviate the burden of diseases and poverty in the long term, even though more financial support might be needed at the initial stage of OH implementation. OH implementation considers social and ecological factors related to zoonosis transmission and provides comprehensive strategies to assess and address related risks in different communities according to regions and ***:Based on reviewed literature, although there seems to be a lack of guidelines for assessing and visualizing the outcomes of OH implementation, which may limit the large-scale adoption of it, evidence on the contributions of implementing OH concepts on zoonosis prevention and control indicates long-term benefits to society, including a better integration of politics, stakehol

关键词： One Health zoonotic diseases Social impacts Social perspectives

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A review on the Ebola virus,outbreak history and the current research tools to control the disease

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第1期 1-17页

作者： Cesar Marcial Escobedo-Bonilla Blvd.Juan de Dios Batiz Paredes 250 Colonia San JoachinGuasave Sinaloa.Post Code 81101.Mexico

The Ebola virus is a zoonotic pathogen causing hemorrhagic fever disease with a high mortality *** distribution of this pathogen has been limited to woodlands from Central and West Africa and the forest-savannah ecotone in East *** likely reservoir species are frugivorous bats living in these *** pathogen is becoming an increasing threat to human populations since its distribution range is expanding faster than *** current Ebola outbreaks in Western Africa and in the Democratic Republic of Congo have rapidly spread infecting high numbers of individuals in five African *** disease has reached the United States and *** expansion is due partly to increasing global *** situation represents a new challenge to control the spread of the *** drugs have been used to treat a few infected people with promising *** gives hope for an effective treatment against Ebola hemorrhagic fever in the near future,though thousands of people remain at risk of *** present review aims to give an update of the knowledge on the disease,including features of the Ebola virus,the history of disease outbreaks in Africa and the tools that are being developed in order to control this re-emergent disease.

关键词： Ebola virus Hemorrhagic fever disease zoonotic diseases Disease outbreaks Control methods Antiviral therapeutics

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The Knowledge about the Potential Health Risks of Illegal Bushmeat Activities among Local Communities Adjacent to Western Nyerere National Park, Tanzania

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第1期13卷 22-36页

作者： Yohani R. Foya Charles P. Mgeni Reuben M. J. Kadigi Michael H. Kimaro Shombe N. Hassan Department of Wildlife Management Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) Morogoro Tanzania College of Economics and Business Studies Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania GELIFES University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands Tanzania Research and Conservation Organization Morogoro Tanzania

Establishing knowledge of local communities regarding the potential health risks of illegal bushmeat hunting and its related practices is among the essential means to developing effective conservation and public health programs. To reveal the understanding of the local people regarding the potential health risks of bushmeat consumption and handling of wildlife products, we used a semi-structured questionnaire to survey 261 households in eight villages located adjacent to the western part of Nyerere National Park. Also, we interviewed eight key informants, including conservation personnel and veterinary officers, in the study area. The proportion of local people who were unaware that handling of wildlife products and bushmeat consumption were risky behaviours towards acquiring zoonotic diseases was slightly higher (57%) than the proportion of respondents who were aware of the likely risks of zoonotic diseases from the practices. After all, the majority (83%) of local people admitted having come into contact with wildlife products, while over 70% reported having consumed bushmeat. We found that local communities living closer to the park boundaries (zoonotic disease outbreak occur. Among other strategies, we recommended conservation and public health institutions to increase awareness campaig

关键词： Local Communities Bushmeat Consumption Wildlife Products zoonotic diseases Awareness

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