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Genome editing in cotton:challenges and opportunities

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Journal of Cotton Research 2023年第1期6卷 60-80页

作者： KHAN Zulqurnain KHAN Sultan Habibullah AHMED Aftab IQBAL Muhammad Umar MUBARIK Muhammad Salman GHOURI Muhammad Zubair AHMAD Furqan YASEEN Saba ALI Zulfiqar KHAN Asif Ali AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology MNS University of AgricultureMultan60000Pakistan Cotton Biotechnology Lab Center for Advanced StudiesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Center for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Department of Biochemistry University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Better Cotton Initiatives LahorePakistan Department of Biotechnology University of NarowalNarowalPakistan Departmen of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan School of Agriculture Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450000China

Cotton has enormous economic potential providing high-quality protein,oil,and fibre.A large increase in cotton output is necessary due to the world’s changing climate and constantly expanding human population.In the past,conventional breeding techniques were used to introduce genes into superior cotton cultivars to increase production and to improve quality.The disadvantages of traditional breeding techniques are their time-consuming,reliance on genetic differences that are already present,and considerable backcrossing.To accomplish goals in a short amount of time,contemporary plant breeding techniques,in particular modern genome editing technologies(GETs),can be used.Numerous crop improvement initiatives have made use of GETs,such as zinc-finger nucleases,transcription-activator-like effector nucleases,clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR),and CRISPR-associated proteins systems(CRISPR/Cas)-based technologies.The CRISPR/Cas system has a lot of potential because it combines three qualities that other GETs lack:simplicity,competence,and adaptability.The CRISPR/Cas mechanism can be used to improve cotton tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,alter gene expression,and stack genes for critical features with little possibility of segregation.The transgene clean strategy improves CRISPR acceptability addressing regulatory issues associated with the genetically modified organisms(GMOs).The research opportunities for using the CRISPR/Cas system to address biotic and abiotic stresses,fibre quality,plant architecture and blooming,epigenetic changes,and gene stacking for commercially significant traits are highlighted in this article.Furthermore,challenges to use of CRISPR technology in cotton and its potential for the future are covered in detail.

关键词： zfns TALENs CRISPR/Cas9 Cotton Genetic improvement

Genome editing in grass plants

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aBIOTECH 2020年第1期1卷 41-57页

作者： Si Nian Char Bing Yang Division of Plant Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA

Cereal crops including maize,rice,wheat,sorghum,barley,millet,oats and rye are the major calorie sources in our daily life and also important bioenergy sources of the world.The rapidly advancing and state-of-the-art genome-editing tools such as zinc finger nucleases,TAL effector nucleases,and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated systems(CRISPR-Cas9-,CRISPR-Cas12a-and CRISPR/Cas-derived base editors)have accelerated the functional genomics and have promising potential for precision breeding of grass crops.With the availability of annotated genomes of the major cereal crops,application of these established genome-editing toolkits to grass plants holds promise to increase the nutritional value and productivity.Furthermore,these easy-to-use and robust genome-editing toolkits have advanced the reverse genetics for discovery of novel gene functions in crop plants.In this review,we document some of important progress in development and utilization of genome-editing tool sets in grass plants.We also highlight present and future uses of genome-editing toolkits that can sustain and improve the quality of cereal grain for food consumption.

关键词： Genome editing Cereal crops zfns TALENs CRISPR/Cas9 CRISPR/Cas12a Base editor

Reduction of BCL11A in hematopoietic stem cells through gene editing:new strategy to ameliorate the severe b-globin disorders sickle cell disease

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Science Bulletin 2019年第21期64卷 1562-1564页

作者： Weiqi Hong Mengyuan Huang Yuquan Wei Xiawei Wei Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University

Site-specific gene editing is of great importance in precise medicine. Two conventional genome editing methods, Zine finger nucleases (zfns) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs), are based on protein-DNA recognition, with tedious work in constructing target protein [1,2]. Developed from immune response of bacteria, CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely investigated as a promising tool for therapeutic genome editing in clinical settings nowadays[3,4].

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 TALENs zfns

CRISPR/Cas9:A powerful tool for crop genome editing

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The Crop Journal 2016年第2期4卷 75-82页

作者： Gaoyuan Song Meiling Jia Kai Chen Xingchen Kong Bushra Khattak Chuanxiao Xie Aili Li Long Mao National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The CRISPR/Cas9 technology is evolved from a type II bacterial immune system and represents a new generation of targeted genome editing technology that can be applied to nearly all organisms. Site-specific modification is achieved by a single guide RNA(usually about 20nucleotides) that is complementary to a target gene or locus and is anchored by a protospaceradjacent motif. Cas9 nuclease then cleaves the targeted DNA to generate double-strand breaks(DSBs), which are subsequently repaired by non-homologous end joining(NHEJ) or homology-directed repair(HDR) mechanisms. NHEJ may introduce indels that cause frame shift mutations and hence the disruption of gene functions. When combined with double or multiplex guide RNA design, NHEJ may also introduce targeted chromosome deletions,whereas HDR can be engineered for target gene correction, gene replacement, and gene knock-in. In this review, we briefly survey the history of the CRISPR/Cas9 system invention and its genome-editing mechanism. We also describe the most recent innovation of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, particularly the broad applications of modified Cas9 variants, and discuss the potential of this system for targeted genome editing and modification for crop improvement.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Double-strand break Genome editing TALENs zfns

Applications of genome editing technology in the targeted therapy of human diseases:mechanisms,advances and prospects

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 2481-2503页

作者： Hongyi Li Yang Yang Weiqi Hong Mengyuan Huang Min Wu Xia Zhao Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenMinistry of EducationWest China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041P.R.China Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityNo.17Block 3Southern Renmin RoadChengduSichuan 610041P.R.China Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of North DakotaGrand ForksND 58203USA

Based on engineered or bacterial nucleases,the development of genome editing technologies has opened up the possibility of directly targeting and modifying genomic sequences in almost all eukaryotic cells.Genome editing has extended our ability to elucidate the contribution of genetics to disease by promoting the creation of more accurate cellular and animal models of pathological processes and has begun to show extraordinary potential in a variety of fields,ranging from basic research to applied biotechnology and biomedical research.Recent progress in developing programmable nucleases,such as zinc-finger nucleases(zfns),transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs)and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)–Cas-associated nucleases,has greatly expedited the progress of gene editing from concept to clinical practice.Here,we review recent advances of the three major genome editing technologies(zfns,TALENs,and CRISPR/Cas9)and discuss the applications of their derivative reagents as gene editing tools in various human diseases and potential future therapies,focusing on eukaryotic cells and animal models.Finally,we provide an overview of the clinical trials applying genome editing platforms for disease treatment and some of the challenges in the implementation of this technology.

关键词： zfns editing advances

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基因编辑技术在肿瘤治疗中的应用进展

中国细胞生物学学报 2023年第12期45卷 1746-1756页

作者：熊祥宇贝锦新华南恶性肿瘤防治全国重点实验室广东省恶性肿瘤临床医学研究中心中山大学肿瘤防治中心广州510060

基于工程或细菌核酸酶的基因编辑技术的发展实现了在几乎所有真核细胞中直接靶向和修饰基因组序列的可能性。该文综述了三大基因编辑技术锌指核酸酶(zinc finger nucleases,zfns)、类转录激活因子效应核酸酶(transcription activator-li... 详细信息

基于工程或细菌核酸酶的基因编辑技术的发展实现了在几乎所有真核细胞中直接靶向和修饰基因组序列的可能性。该文综述了三大基因编辑技术锌指核酸酶(zinc finger nucleases,zfns)、类转录激活因子效应核酸酶(transcription activator-like effector nucleases,TALENs)、规律间隔成簇短回文重复序列和相关蛋白(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat and CRISPR-associated proteins,CRISPR/Cas)的发展史以及它们在肿瘤治疗领域的应用进展,并探讨了基因编辑技术在临床上应用于肿瘤治疗所面临的挑战。

关键词：基因编辑 zfns TALENs CRISPR/Cas 肿瘤治疗

Genome editing technology and application in soybean improvement

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Oil Crop Science 2020年第1期5卷 31-40页

作者： Aili Bao Chanjuan Zhang Yi Huang Haifeng Chen Xinan Zhou Dong Cao Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural ScienceWuhanChina

Soybean(Glycine max)is a legume crop with great economic value that provides rich protein and oil for human food and animal feed.In order to cope with the ever-increasing need for soybean products and the changing environment,soybean genetic improvement needs to be accelerated.In recent years,the rapid developed genome editing technologies,such as zinc finger nuclease(zfns),transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs),and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein(CRISPR/Cas),have shown broad application prospects in gene function research and improvement of important agronomic traits in many crops,and has also brought opportunities for soybean breeding.Here we systematically reviewed recent advances in genome editing technology.We also summarized the significances,current applications,challenges and future perspectives in soybean genome editing,which could provide references for exerting the feature and advantage of this technology to better soybean improvement.

关键词： Genome editing Soybean zfns TALENs CRISPR/Cas9 CRISPR/Cas12a Base editing

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大中型动物基因敲除技术的研究进展

生理科学进展 2015年第1期46卷 11-16页

作者：刘雪静王欢严放高明明刘国庆黄薇北京大学医学部心血管研究所北京100191

基因敲除是20世纪80年代末发展起来的一门新技术,2007年获得诺贝尔生理或医学奖。然而在很长一段时间内,由于胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell,ES cell)体外的成功培养仅限于小鼠,该技术很难在其它动物种系中完成。2008年至今随着新ES细... 详细信息

基因敲除是20世纪80年代末发展起来的一门新技术,2007年获得诺贝尔生理或医学奖。然而在很长一段时间内,由于胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell,ES cell)体外的成功培养仅限于小鼠,该技术很难在其它动物种系中完成。2008年至今随着新ES细胞基因打靶、锌指核酸酶(zinc finger nucleases,zfns)、转录激活因子样效应物核酸酶(transcription activator-like effect nucleases,TALENs)和规律成簇的间隔短回文重复序列/Cas9内切酶(clusters of regularly interspased short palindromic repeats/Cas9,CRISPR/Cas9)等新技术的不断涌现,使在疾病研究中更接近于人类的大中型动物基因敲除成为可能。本综述将介绍近几年来以上几种基因敲除新技术在大中型动物上的成功应用及重大意义。

关键词：基因敲除 ES细胞基因打靶 zfns TALENs CRISPR/Cas9 大中型动物模型

基因编辑技术的研究进展及其在中药研究中的前景展望

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中国中药杂志 2017年第1期42卷 34-40页

作者：马琰岩李晶哲高尔宁钱丹钟菊迎刘长振中国中医科学院医学实验中心北京100700

基因编辑技术是一项对基因组进行精确定点修饰的技术,可对特定DNA片段进行敲除、加入和替换等,从而在基因组水平上进行精确的基因编辑。其技术本质均是利用非同源末端链接途径修复和同源重组修复,联合特异性DNA靶向识别及核酸内切酶完成... 详细信息

基因编辑技术是一项对基因组进行精确定点修饰的技术,可对特定DNA片段进行敲除、加入和替换等,从而在基因组水平上进行精确的基因编辑。其技术本质均是利用非同源末端链接途径修复和同源重组修复,联合特异性DNA靶向识别及核酸内切酶完成的DNA序列改变。基因编辑技术在科研、农业、医疗等领域都具有极其广泛的发展前景和应用价值。在疾病基因治疗领域,基因编辑技术在癌症如白血病、遗传性疾病如血友病、地中海贫血、多种肌肉营养障碍症和逆转录病毒相关传染病如艾滋病等疾病的治疗方面取得许多堪称跨时代的佳绩:结合基因编辑技术开展的实验新方法学研究及动物模型的制备工作也在迅猛地发展和完善;世界各地的实验室也已将基因编辑技术应用于预防疟疾、器官移植、生物制药、农业育种改良、灭绝物种复活等多个研究领域。该文就基因编辑技术在上述领域中的研究进展进行一些概括和总结。此外还归纳了一些当前针对基因编辑技术存在的争议和思考,并初步探讨了该技术在中药研究中的潜在应用前景。

关键词：基因编辑技术 CRISPR/CAS9 zfns TALENs