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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 106-115页

作者： Sally J.Kirklewski Ryan J.Watson Carolyn Lauckner Department of Health Promotion and Behavior University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Human Development and Family Sciences University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269 USA Department of Behavioral Science University of Kentucky College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA

Background:Sexual and gender minority Youth frequently experience bullying,which often contributes to higher depressive symptoms and lower self-esteem.Given that physical activity(PA)can mitigate depressive symptoms and improve self-esteem,we examined the moderating effect of PA on the relationship between bullying and mental health among sexual and gender minority Youth.Methods:Data from the Lesbian,Gay,Bisexual,Transgender,and Queer National Teen Survey(n=9890)were analyzed.Hierarchical regression analyses examined the influence of history and frequency of being bullied,PA,and the interaction of these variables on depressive symptoms and self-esteem.Simple slopes analyses were used to probe significant interactions.Results:Results indicated the importance of accounting for bullying history when examining effects of PA on mental health.PA was negatively related to depression(t=-4.18,pYouth exercise interventions aiming to improve mental health should first address bullying history;otherwise,their effectiveness may be limited to those who have been bullied.

关键词： Bullying Depression Exercise LGBTQ Self-esteem Youth

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Association of Adolescent Bullying Victimization with Meeting 24-hour Movement Behavior Recommendations:A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Combined 2015-2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第2期5卷 182-190页

作者： You Fu Ryan DBurns Peng Zhang Samantha Dyer Nora Constantino School of Public Health University of NevadaRenoNVUSA Department of Health&Kinesiology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA Physical Education Teacher Education Department East Stroudsburg UniversityEast StroudsburgPAUSA

Purpose To examine the association between bullying victimization and meeting recommendations for the 24-h movement behaviors of physical activity,screen use,and sleep in adolescents.Methods Participants were a sample of US adolescents from the 2015–2019 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey(N=43,847;Mean age=16.0±1.2 years;50.7%female).The bullying victimization variables included the bullying expe-riences at school and online.Weighted multivariable logistic regressions analyzed associations between bullying victimiza-tion and meeting recommendations for 24-h movement behaviors controlling for age,sex,race/ethnicity,and weight status.Results Adolescents meeting non-academic screen and sleep recommendations had 25%(OR=0.75,95%CI 0.69–0.82)and 19%(OR=0.81,95%CI 0.74–0.89)lower odds to be bullied at school.Adolescents meeting non-academic screen recommen-dation had 27%lower odds(OR=0.73,95%CI 0.58–0.91)of experience online bullying.Male adolescents who met physical activity,non-academic screen use,and sleep recommendations had lower odds of experience the bullying at school of 29%(OR=0.71,95%CI 0.59–0.85),26%(OR=0.74,95%CI 0.61–0.90),and 31%(OR=0.69,95%CI 0.55–0.86),respectively.Among the females,non-academic screen use was the only movement behavior yielded statistical significance,in that those who met the recommendation had 15%(OR=0.85,95%CI 0.73–0.98)lower odds of experience the bullying at school.Conclusion The presence of meeting 24-h movement behavior recommendations associates with a lower probability of bullying at school and online in adolescents.Interestingly,these associations tended to be stronger and more consistent in males compared to females.

关键词： School bullying Cyber bullying Youth Behavior

Associations between three measures of physical activity and selected influences on physical activity in Youth transitioning from elementary to middle school

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第1期3卷 21-27页

作者： Marsha Dowda Rodney K.Dishman Ruth P.Saunders Russell R.Pate Department of Exercise Science Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South Carolina921 Assembly StreetColumbiaSCUSA Department of Kinesiology University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Department of Health Promotion Educationand BehaviorArnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA

Measurement of physical activity is challenging,and objective and subjective methods can be used.The purposes of this study were to apply structural equation modeling in:1)examining the associations between three distinct measures of physical activity and three factors that are often found to be correlated to physical activity in chil-dren,and 2)examining the associations of the combination of three measures with the same correlates in a cohort of Youth followed from 5th to 7th grade.A total of 409 children(45%boys)had complete physical activity data derived from accelerometers,self-report by Youth,and proxy-report by parents.The potential correlates of physical activity included self-efficacy,physical activity support,and facilities for physical activity.Structural equation models were used to assess the relationship between physical activity and the correlates.The structural equation models examining associations between individual measures of physical activity and selected correlates showed that parent-reported and child self-reported physical activity were associated with parental support for physical activity and self-efficacy.Objectively measured physical activity was associated only with facilities for physical activity.A structural equation model showed that a composite expression of physical activity,based on the inclusion of all three individual measures,was associated with all three correlates of physical activity.In conclusion,combining measures of physical activity from different sources may improve the identification of correlates of physical activity.This information could be used to plan more effective physical activity in-terventions in children and Youth.

关键词： Parent support Self-efficacy Facilities Youth

Sleep and stress in the acute phase of concussion in Youth

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第2期2卷 109-114页

作者： Arthur Maerlender Caitlin Masterson Jessica L.Calvi Todd Caze Ross Mathiasen Dennis Molfese Center for Brain Biologyand BehaviorEast StadiumUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnNEUSA Nebraska Medicine S 42nd&Emile StOmahaNEUSA Salivary Bioscience Laboratory East StadiumUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnNEUSA University of Nebraska Medical School S 42nd&Emile StOmahaNEUSA

This study sought to address the complex interplay between both biological and psychological perceptions of stress and sleep in the acute stages following a mild traumatic brain injury.A secondary goal was to identify potential targets for intervention.Eleven acutely injured Youth(mean age 12 years)were studied at home with overnight actigraphy,salivary cortisol and melatonin assays,and subjective ratings of stress and fatigue(injured group).Nine matched control Youth also were assessed(control group).Results suggested longer sleep latencies(time to fall asleep)and higher levels of fatigue in the injured group exist(p=0.025 and p=0.004,respectively).In the injured group,stress and sleep onset were significantly related with most subjects meeting criteria for Acute Stress Disorder.Melatonin levels were lower at bedtime in the injured group.Saliva samples were collected via passive drool at three time points:~1 h before bed(“bedtime”or T1),immediately upon waking(time 2:T2),and 30 min post-waking(time 3:T3).Overnight increases in cortisol(T1 to T2)were greater for the injured group;however,post-sleep changes in cortisol(T2 to T3)were reversed with control concentrations increasing.These findings are unique in using actigraphy and salivary hormone levels in an acutely injured Youth while in their homes.The differences in sleep latency and the presence of injury-related stress point to potential treatment targets in acute concussion.

关键词： Sleep Mild traumatic brain injury Fatigue Actigraphy Youth Salivary hormones Stress Concussion

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome among Adolescents and Youth in Beijing： Data from Beijing Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome Study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第17期128卷 2278-2283页

作者： Xiao-Xue Qu Issy C Esangbedo Xiu-Juan Zhang Shu-Jun Liu Lian-Xia Li Shan Gao Ming Li Department of Endocrinology Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100043 China Health Weight Program Clinic Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Peielman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania USA Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology Ministry of Health Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China

Background： Obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） syndrome has a negative impact on the health of millions of adolescents and Youth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of OSA syndrome with obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents and Youth at risk for metabolic syndrome （MS）.Methods： A total of 558 subjects aged 14-28 years were recruited from the Beijing Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome Study. Each underwent a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT）, echocardiography, and liver ultrasonography. Anthropometric measures, blood levels of glucose, lipids, and liver enzymes were assessed. Subjects with high or low risk for OSA were identified by Berlin Questionnaire （BQ）. Results： Among the subjects in obesity, 33.7% of whom were likely to have OSAby BQ. Subjects with high risk for OSA had higher neck and waist circumference and fat mass percentage compared to those with low risk for OSA （P 〈 0.001 ）. Moreover, significant differences in levels of lipids, glucose after OGTT, and liver enzymes, as well as echocardiographic parameters were found between the two groups with high or low risk for OSA （P 〈 0.05）. The rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （71.0% vs. 24.2%）, MS （38.9% vs. 7.0%）, and its components in high-risk group were significantly higher than in low-risk group. Conclusions： The prevalence of OSA by BQ was high in obese adolescents and Youth. A high risk for OSA indicates a high cardiometabolic risk. Mechanisms mediating the observed associations require further investigation.

关键词： Adolescents Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Obesity Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Youth

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Grass-Root Coaches Knowledge, Understanding, Attitude And Confidence to Deliver Injury Prevention Training in Youth Soccer: a Comparison of Coaches in Three EU Countries

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第4期2卷 367-374页

作者： Mark De Ste Croix F.Ayala S.Hernandez Sanchez M.Lehnert J.Hughes School of Sport and Exercise University of GloucestershireCheltenham GL502RHUK Department of Sport Sciences Sport Research CentreMiguel Hernandez University of ElcheElche 03202Spain Department of Pathology and Surgery Physiotherapy Area Miguel Hernandez University of ElcheElche 03202Spain Department of Sport and Physical Culture Palacky UniversityOlomouc 77200Czech Republic

Purpose It is well recognised that injury prevention training can reduce injury incidence,however current coach education pathways do not provide grass-root coaches with the knowledge and confidence to deliver such training to Youth players.The aim of this study was to explore differences in knowledge,understanding,attitude and confidence to deliver such injury prevention training in three European countries.Methods A total of 269 grass-root soccer coaches from 3 European countries(Czech Republic,UK,Spain)were recruited for this study.A validated questionnaire exploring knowledge,understanding,attitude towards and confidence to deliver Youth injury prevention training was completed prior to a 2 h workshop on injury prevention training.Differences between countries was examined using Bayesian factors to quantify the evidence for and against the hypothesis of independence(H0)by assuming a Poisson sampling scheme(as there was no a priori restriction on any cell count,nor on the grand total)(BF10 Poisson).Results Current knowledge,attitude and confidence to deliver injury prevention training to Youth players was poor across all three European countries.Relatively few coaches were currently using injury prevention training in their coaching sessions(23%).There were some country specific differences for attitude towards injury prevention training and confidence to deliver injury training,with Spanish coaches reporting a more positive attitude and confidence to deliver such training.Significantly fewer coaches in the UK were using injury prevention training compared to coaches in Spain and the Czech Republic.Conclusion As coaches identified a need for coach education and few were delivering injury prevention training,there is a clear need to embed and implement this programme into the grassroots coaching framework of sports governing bodies to improve adoption,implementation and maintenance.

关键词： Youth Injury prevention training Coach education Movement competency

Backward Sled Pulling Load-Velocity Relationship in Youth: A Backward-Forward Comparison

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第4期2卷 330-335页

作者： Aaron Uthoff John Cronin AUT-Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand School of Sport and RecreationAUT MillenniumAuckland University of Technology17 Antares PlRosedaleAuckland 0632New Zealand

Purpose To establish the load-velocity relationships during backward sled pulling and compare this to forward sled pulling and determine the reliability of running speeds and associated load-velocity regression slopes in Youth athletes.Methods Twenty-one boys(age,13.6±0.28 years old;height,1.72±0.09 m;mass,66.1±8.2 kg;maturity,0.57±0.72 years from peak height velocity)performed backward and forward resisted running on three occasions.Load-velocity relationships were established using an un-resisted sprint and resisted sled pull with loads of 25%-81%body mass(BM)in both directions,and the reliability of sprint times at each load and the load-velocity regression slopes were examined.Results The load-velocity data was reliable across multiple testing occasions for backward(CV≤7.2%;ICC 0.67-0.91)and forward sled pulling(CV≤7.2%;ICC 0.66-0.91).From the regression lines(R2≥0.99;P≤0.01),it was observed that averaged loads across the sample of 31%,46% and 61% BM resulted in 27%,38% and 48% decrease in velocity during backward sled pulling and 23%,33% and 43% during forward sled pulling.Increasing backward and forward loads by∼13% and~15% BM respectively,reliably resulted in∼10% decreases in velocity.Conclusion If contractile overload of the lower limbs is a focus of training then practitioners should preferentially use back-ward sled pulling.Both backward and forward sled pulling can be used in a similar manner regarding loading,though back-ward velocity is more sensitive to load and therefore overloading backward motion should be prescribed with this in mind.

关键词： Backward running Resisted sprinting Youth Exercise prescription

Special Issue:The Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2023年第4期41卷 475-475页

作者： Guo-Ming Liu Du-Jin Wang 不详

We are pleased to announce the special issue of the Youth Innovation Promotion Association(YIPA)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Established in 2011,YIPA aims to enhance interaction,encourage interdisciplinary collaboration among members,and promote the career development of young researchers,under the age of 35.To date,YIPA has more than 5000 regular members and more than 600 advanced members,including many researchers actively working in the polymer field.

关键词： Youth encourage collaboration

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@Youth

大学生 2016年第8期 8-9页

围脖大学@哆啦A梦花心:最近火爆的韩剧《太阳的后裔》中的男主角宋仲基,在现实生活中却是一名学霸男神。高三成绩全科优,以全国前十考上了韩国名校成均馆大学。主修经营管理,辅修新闻放送,是学校电视台的主播,被称为"成大校草"!@电商经... 详细信息

围脖大学@哆啦A梦花心:最近火爆的韩剧《太阳的后裔》中的男主角宋仲基,在现实生活中却是一名学霸男神。高三成绩全科优,以全国前十考上了韩国名校成均馆大学。主修经营管理,辅修新闻放送,是学校电视台的主播,被称为"成大校草"!@电商经理人联盟:雷军近日在央视《遇见大咖》节目上表示,"飞猪理论"理论在传播中被当成"机会主义",给大众造成了误读。任何人成功都需要一万小时的苦练。雷军还在节目中给大学生建议,他认为

关键词：经理人 Youth 现实生活南京理工大学成均馆

Youth Soccer Pitched Battle

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China Weekly 2023年第11期 36-39页

作者： Wu Jin 不详

China needs more than soccer schools to kickstart its Youth programs and cultivate world-class talent,as students are forced to choose between athletics and academics.

关键词： forced Youth schools