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Repairing whole facial nerve defects with xenogeneic acellular nerve grafts in rhesus monkeys

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1131-1137页

作者： Guo-Chen Zhu Da-Jiang Xiao Bi-Wen Zhu Yan Xiao Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina College of Animal Science&Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acellular nerve allografts conducted via chemical extraction have achieved satisfactory results in bridging whole facial nerve defects clinically,both in terms of branching a single trunk and in connecting multiple branches of an extratemporal ***,in the clinical treatment of facial nerve defects,allogeneic donors are *** this experiment,we exposed the left trunk and multiple branches of the extratemporal segment in six rhesus monkeys and dissected a gap of 25 mm to construct a monkey model of a whole left nerve *** monkeys were randomly assigned to an autograft group or a xenogeneic acellular nerve graft *** the autograft group,the 25-mm whole facial nerve defect was immediately bridged using an autogenous ipsilateral great auricular nerve,and in the xenogeneic acellular nerve graft group,this was done using a xenogeneic acellular nerve graft with *** of facial symmetry,nerve-muscle electrophysiology,retrograde transport of labeled neuronal tracers,and morphology of the regenerated nerve and target muscle at 8 months postoperatively showed that the faces of the monkey appeared to be symmetrical in the static state and slightly asymmetrical during facial movement,and that they could actively close their eyelids *** degree of recovery from facial paralysis reached House-Brackmann grade II in both *** muscle action potentials were recorded and orbicularis oris muscles responded to electro-stimuli on the surgical side in each *** Gold-labeled neurons could be detected in the facial nuclei on the injured *** staining showed abundant neurofilament-200-positive axons and soluble protein-100-positive Schwann cells in the regenerated nerves.A large number of mid-graft myelinated axons were observed via methylene blue staining and a transmission electron *** together,our data indicate that xenogeneic acellular nerve grafts from minipigs are safe and effec

关键词： acellular nerve compound muscle action potentials facial nerve defect facial symmetry monkey nerve graft nerve regeneration retrograde labeling test synaptophysin xenogeneic

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xenogeneic homologous genes, molecular evolution and cancer therapy

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2001年第12期11卷 15-26页

作者：田聆魏于全 Center for Biotherapy of Cancer and Cancer Research Center Chengdu 610041 China First University Hospital Sichuan University West China Medical Center

Cancer is one of the main causes for death of human beings to date, and cancer biotherapy ( mainly immunotherapy and gene therapy) has become the most promising approach after surgical therapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, there are still many limitations on cancer immunotherapy and gene therapy; therefore great effort is being made to develop new strategies. It has been known that, in the process of evolution, a number of genes, the so-called xenogeneic homologous genes, are well-conserved and show the structural and/or functional similarity between various species to some degree. The nucleotide changes between various xenogeneic homologous genes are derived from mutation, and most of them are neutral mutations. Considering that the subtle differences in xenogeneic homologous genes can break immune tolerance, enhance the immunogenicity and induce autologous immune response so as to eliminate tumor cells, we expect that a strategy of inducing autoimmune response using the property of xenogene

关键词： xenogeneic molecular evolution cancer immunotherapy gene therapy.

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Bone Regeneration Enhanced by Antigen-Extracted xenogeneic Cancellous Bone Graft with rhBMP-2 in Rabbits Mandibular Defect Repair

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Engineering（科研） 2013年第10期5卷 108-113页

作者： Renfa Lai Zejian Li Ye Zhang Zhiying Zhou The Medical Centre of Stomatology The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Guangzhou China

The effects of large piece xenogeneic bone which was separated from healthy pigs as a scaffold on repair of mandibular defect was investigated and the applicability of antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancellous bone (AXCB) soaked with rhBMP-2 in bone defect repair was assessed. Mandibular defects were created in 48 New Zealand Rabbits, and then randomly divided into 4 groups, which was grafted in the mandibular defects with AXCB, AXCB soaked with rhBMP-2, autograft bone, or blank. Equal number of animals from each group was classified into three time points (4, 8, and 12 weeks) after operation for gross pathological observation, hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining, radiographic examination, and bone density measurement. H & E staining revealed that the area percentage of bone regeneration in the group of AXCB/rhBMP-2 graft was 27.72 ± 4.68, 53.90 ± 21.92, and 77.35 ± 9.83 when at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, which was better than that of auto bone graft, prompting that the group of AXCB/rhBMP-2 graft had commendable osteogenic effect. And comparing with the AXCB without rhBMP-2, of which the area percentage of bone regeneration was only 14.03 ± 5.02, 28.49 ± 11.35, and 53.90 ± 21.92, the osteogenic effect of AXCB/rhBMP-2 graft was demonstrated to be much better. In the group of AXCB/rhBMP-2 graft, the area percentage of bone regeneration increased, and the implanted materials were gradually degraded and replaced by autogenous bone regeneration over time. We concluded that antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancellous bone (AXCB) graft soaked with rhBMP-2 had shown excellent osteogenic effect in repair of bone defects, with good biocompability.

关键词： Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2(rhBMP-2) Antigen-Extracted xenogeneic Cancellous Bone (AXCB) Defect Repair Bone Regeneration Mandible Defect

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High quality repair of osteochondral defects in rats using the extracellular matrix of antler stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第2期16卷 176-190页

作者： Yu-Su Wang Wen-Hui Chu Jing-Jie Zhai Wen-Ying Wang Zhong-Mei He Quan-Min Zhao Chun-Yi Li Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology Changchun Sci-Tech UniversityChangchun 130000Jilin ProvinceChina College of Chinese Medicinal Materials Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118Jilin ProvinceChina School of Life Science Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Oral Implantology Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchun 130000Jilin ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Cartilage defects are some of the most common causes of *** lesions caused by inflammation,trauma or degenerative disease normally result in osteochondral *** studies have shown that decellularized extracellular matrix(ECM)derived from autologous,allogenic,or xenogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)can effectively restore osteochondral *** To determine whether the decellularized ECM of antler reserve mesenchymal cells(RMCs),a xenogeneic material from antler stem cells,is superior to the currently available treatments for osteochondral *** We isolated the RMCs from a 60-d-old sika deer antler and cultured them in vitro to 70%confluence;50 mg/mL L-ascorbic acid was then added to the medium to stimulate ECM *** sheets of adipocyte-derived MSCs(aMSCs)and antlerogenic periosteal cells(another type of antler stem cells)were used as the *** weeks after ascorbic acid stimulation,the ECM sheets were harvested and applied to the osteochondral defects in rat knee *** The defects were successfully repaired by applying the *** highest quality of repair was achieved in the RMC-ECM group both in vitro(including cell attachment and proliferation),and in vivo(including the simultaneous regeneration of well-vascularized subchondral bone and avascular articular hyaline cartilage integrated with surrounding native tissues).Notably,the antler-stem-cell-derived ECM(xenogeneic)performed better than the aMSC-ECM(allogenic),while the ECM of the active antler stem cells was superior to that of the quiescent antler stem *** Decellularized xenogeneic ECM derived from the antler stem cell,particularly the active form(RMC-ECM),can achieve high quality repair/reconstruction of osteochondral defects,suggesting that selection of decellularized ECM for such repair should be focused more on bioactivity rather than kinship.

关键词： Osteochondral defect repair Mesenchymal stem cells Extracellular matrix Decellularization Antler stem cells Reserve mesenchymal cells xenogeneic

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A comparative study of human and porcine-derived decellularised nerve matrices

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Biomaterials Translational 2023年第3期4卷 180-195页

作者： Rui Li Shuai Qiu Weihong Yang Zilong Rao Jiaxin Chen Yuexiong Yang Qingtang Zhu Xiaolin Liu Ying Bai Daping Quan Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for Functional Biomaterials School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite&Functional Materials of Ministry of Education School of ChemistrySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for Peripheral Nerve Tissue Department of Orthopaedic and MicrosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangzhou Zhongda Medical Equipment Co. Ltd.GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Decellularised extracellular matrix(dECM)biomaterials originating from allogeneic and xenogeneic tissues have been broadly studied in the field of regenerative medicine and have already been used in clinical *** dECMs are considered more compatible,but they have the drawback of extremely limited human tissue *** availability is also restricted by the health and age of the *** investigate the viability of xenogeneic tissues as a substitute for human tissues,we fabricated both porcine decellularised nerve matrix(pDNM)and human decellularised nerve matrix for a comprehensive *** showed that both dECM scaffolds retained the ECM microstructures of native human nerve *** analysis demonstrated that the protein compositions of both dECMs were also very similar to each *** functional ECM contents effectively promoted the proliferation,migration,and maturation of primary human Schwann cells in ***,pDNM contained a few antigens that induced severe host immune responses in humanised ***,after removing theα-galactosidase antigen,the immune responses were highly alleviated and the pre-treated pDNM maintained a human decellularised nerve matrix-like pro-regenerative ***,we believe that anα-galactosidase-free pDNM may serve as a viable substitute for human decellularised nerve matrix in future clinical applications.

关键词： allogeneic decellularised nerve matrix immune response xenogeneic α-Gal

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