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Influence of Seed Priming on Performance and water productivity of Direct Seeded Rice in Alternating Wetting and Drying

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Rice science 2015年第4期22卷 189-196页

作者： Hafeez Ur REHMAN Muhammad KAMRAN Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed BASRA Irfan AFZAL Muhammad FAROOQ Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad Institute of Agriculture University of Western Australia College of Food and Agricultural Sciences King Saud University

Direct seeded rice is promising alternative to traditional transplanting, but requires appropriate crop and water management to maintain yield performance and achieve high water productivity. Present study evaluated the effect of seed priming and irrigation on crop establishment, tillering, agronomic traits, paddy yield, grain quality and water productivity of direct seeded rice in alternate wetting and drying （DSR-AWD） in comparison with direct seeded rice at field capacity （DSR- FC）. Seed priming treatments were osmo-priming with KCI （2.2%）, CaCI2 （2.2%） and moringa leaf extracts （MLE, 3.3%） including hydro-priming as control. Among the treatments, seed osmo-primed with MLE emerged earlier and had higher final emergence, followed by osmo-priming with CaCI2. Tillering emergence rate and number of tillers per plant were the highest for seed priming with CaCI2 in DSR- AWD. Total productive and non-productive tillers, panicle length, biological and grain yields, harvest index were highest for seed priming with MLE or CaCI2 in DSR-AWD. Similarly, grain quality, estimated in terms of normal grains, abortive and chalky grains, was also the highest in DSR-AWD with MLE osmo-priming. Benefit cost ratio and water productivity was also the highest in DSR-AWD for seed priming with MLE. In conclusion, seed priming with MLE or CaCI2 can be successfully employed to improve the direct seeded rice performance when practiced with alternate wetting and drying irrigation.

关键词： crop establishment grain filling rate seed priming water productivity yield direct seededrice alternating wetting and drying grain quality

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Climate change impacts on crop yield,crop water productivity and food security-A review

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第12期19卷 1665-1674页

作者： Shahbaz Khan Division of water Sciences UNESCOI Rue Miollis 75 732 Paris Cedex 15.SPFrance

This paper provides a comprehensive review of literature related to the assessment of climate change impacts on crop productivity using climate,water and crop yield *** existing studies present that climate change models with higher spatial resolution can be a way forward for future climate ***,stochastic projections of more than one climate model are necessary for providing insights into model uncertainties as well as to develop risk management *** is projected that water availability will increase in some parts of the world,which will have its own effect on water use efficiency and water *** production can increase if irrigated areas are expanded or irrigation is intensified,but these may increase the rate of environmental degradation. Since climate change impacts on soil water balance will lead to changes of soil evaporation and plant transpiration,consequently,the crop growth period may shorten in the future impacting on water *** yields affected by climate change are projected to be different in various areas,in some areas crop yields will increase,and for other areas it will decrease depending on the latitude of the area and irrigation *** modelling results show that an increase in precipitation will increase crop yield,and what is more,crop yield is more sensitive to the precipitation than *** water availability is reduced in the future,soils of high water holding capacity will be better to reduce the impact of drought while maintaining crop *** the temperature increasing and precipitation fluctuations,water availability and crop production are likely to decrease in the *** the irrigated areas are expanded,the total crop production will increase;however,food and environmental quality may degrade.

关键词： Climate change impacts Crop yield Food security water productivity water use efficiency

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Effect of irrigation regime on grain yield,water productivity,and methane emissions in dry direct-seeded rice grown in raised beds with wheat straw incorporation

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The Crop Journal 2018年第5期6卷 495-508页

作者： Zhiqin Wang Daojian Gu Sarah S.Beebout Hao Zhang Lijun Liu Jianchang Yang Jianhua Zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Crop and Environmental Sciences Division International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University

Dry direct-seeded rice grown in raised beds is becoming an important practice in the wheat–rice rotation system in ***,little information has been available on the effect of various irrigation regimes on grain yield,water productivity(WP),nitrogen use efficiency(NUE),and greenhouse gas emission in this *** study investigated the question using two rice cultivars in 2015 and 2016 grown in soil with wheat straw incorporated into *** seeds were directly seeded into raised beds,which were maintained under aerobic conditions during the early seedling *** irrigation regimes:continuous flooding(CF),alternate wetting and drying(AWD),and furrow irrigation(FI),were applied from 4.5-leaf-stage to *** with CF,both AWD and FI significantly increased grain yield,WP,and internal NUE,with greater increases under the FI *** two cultivars showed the same tendency in both *** AWD and FI markedly increased soil redox potential,root and shoot biomass,root oxidation activity,leaf photosynthetic NUE,and harvest index and markedly decreased global warming potential,owing to substantial reduction in seasonalThe results demonstrate that adoption of either AWD or FI could increase grain yield and resource-use efficiency and reduce environmental risks in dry direct-seeded rice grown on raised beds with wheat straw incorporation in the wheat–rice rotation system.

关键词： Rice(Oryza sativa L.) Dry direct-seeding Alternate wetting and drying Furrow irrigation water productivity Methane emission

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Soil water storage,yield,water productivity and transpiration efficiency of soybeans(Glyxine max ***)as affected by soil surface management in lle-Ife,Nigeria

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International Soil and water Conservation Research 2017年第2期5卷 141-150页

作者： Omotayo B.Adeboye Bart Schultz Kenneth O.Adekalu Krishna Prasad Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeNigeria Land and water Development IHE Delft Institute For Water Education in Partnership with UNESCODelftthe Netherlands Freelance Irrigation and water Resources Management Consultant LalitpurNepal

Rainfed agriculture has a high yield potential if rainfall and land resources are effectively *** this study,conventional(NC)and six in-situ water conservation practices were used to cultivate Soybean in 2011 and 2012 in Ile-lfe,*** conservation practices are:Tied ridge(TR),Soil bund(BD),Mulch(ML),Mulch plus Soil bund(MLBD),Tied ridge plus Mulch(TRML),Tied ridge plus Soil bund(TRBD).The practices were arranged in Randomised Complete Block Design with four *** rainfall was 539 and 761 mm in 2011 and 2012,*** soil water storage(SWS)ranged from 485 mm for NC to 517 mm for TRML in the two *** increased the SWS in the upper 30 cm of the soil by 17% while TR increased the soil water content in the lower 30-60 cm by 22% compared with *** reduced soil temperature in the upper 30 cm between 2.2 and 2.9℃ compared with NC,TR and *** crop evapotranspiration ranged between 432 mm for NC and 481 mm for BD in the *** yield increased by 41.7% and 44.3% for BD and MLBD,respectively compared with *** conservation practices increased water productivity for grain yield by 14.0-41.8% compared with ***,it increased average seasonal transpiration efficiency by 15.3-32.5% compared with *** findings demonstrate that when there are fluctuations in rainfall,in-situ water conservation practices improve SWS,land,and water productivity and transpiration efficiency of Soybeans.

关键词： water conservation Soybean Yield Transpiration Efficiency Evapotranspiration water productivity

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Evaluation of irrigation water salinity and leaching fraction on the water productivity for crops

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第1期13卷 170-177页

作者： Songrui Ning Beibei Zhou Quanjiu Wang Wanghai Tao State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China

In arid and semi-arid irrigated croplands,the excessive accumulation of soluble salts in the root zone is an extensive problem that seriously limits crop yield and water productivity(WP).To avoid affects the yield potential of crops,the application of extra irrigation for leaching of excessive salts from the root zone was *** knowledge of effects of the irrigation water salinity and leaching fraction(LF)on the relative yield(RY)and the unit water productivity of crop evapotranspiration(UWPET)and the unit water productivity of irrigation water(UWPI)were becoming gradually *** article provided theoretical models for estimating the UWPs(UWPET and UWPI)and optimizing leaching fraction according to irrigation water *** the present study,eight levels of irrigation water salinity(ECw=0.25,0.50,0.75,1,2,3,4,and 5 dS/m)and 39 levels of LF values ranging from 0.04 to 0.80 were set and tested to assessing their effects on the RY and UWPs for four typical crops(barley,bean,wheat,and maize)with different salt tolerance *** every curve determined between the UWPs and LFs for the four crops had an inflection *** was indicated that the UWPET and UWPI could be maximized by optimizing the LF under different irrigation water ***,the linear regression relationships were established to estimate the maximum values of UWPs and their corresponding optimal LFs for four crops by using the irrigation water ***,the theoretical models for estimating the UWPs were validated by data of wheat from previous literature,and the models could be suitable with acceptable relative errors when LFs ranging from 0.07 to 0.17.

关键词： irrigation water salinity leaching fraction salt-tolerant crop salt stress crop yield water productivity

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Influence of Crop Nutrition on Grain Yield,Seed Quality and water productivity under Two Rice Cultivation Systems

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Rice science 2013年第2期20卷 129-138页

作者： Y.V.SINGH K.K.SINGH S.K.SHARMA Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Blue Green Algae Indian Agricultural Research Institute Seed Production Unit Indian Agricultural Research Institute

The system of rice intensification （SRI） is reported to have advantages like lower seed requirement,less pest attack,shorter crop duration,higher water use efficiency and the ability to withstand higher degree of moisture stress than traditional method of rice *** this background,SRI was compared with traditional transplanting technique at Indian Agricultural Research Institute,New Delhi,India during two wet seasons （2009-2011）.In the experiment laid out in a factorial randomized block design,two methods of rice cultivation [conventional transplanting （CT） and SRI] and two rice varieties （Pusa Basmati 1 and Pusa 44） were used under seven crop nutrition treatments,viz.T 1,120 kg/hm2 N,26.2 kg/hm2 P and 33 kg/hm2 K;T 2,20 t/hm2 farmyard manure （FYM）;T 3,10 t/hm2 FYM＋ 60 kg/hm2 N;T 4,5 t/hm2 FYM＋ 90 kg/hm2 N;T 5,5 t/hm2 FYM＋ 60 kg/hm2 N＋ 1.5 kg/hm2 blue green algae （BGA）;T 6,5 t/hm2 FYM＋ 60 kg/hm2 N＋ 1.0 t/hm2 Azolla,and T 7,N 0 P 0 K 0 （control,no NPK application） to study the effect on seed quality,yield and water *** SRI,soil was kept at saturated moisture condition throughout vegetative phase and thin layer of water （2-3 cm） was maintained during the reproductive phase of rice,however,in CT,standing water was maintained in crop growing *** revealed that CT and SRI gave statistically at par grain yield but straw yield was significantly higher in CT as compared to *** quality was superior in SRI as compared to *** nutrient management （INM） resulted in higher plant height with longer leaves than chemical fertilizer alone in both the rice *** yield attributes such as number of effective tillers per hill,panicle length and panicle weight of rice in both the varieties were significantly higher in INM as compared to chemical fertilizer *** yields of both the varieties were the highest in INM followed by the recommended doses of chemical *** grain yield and its attributes of Pusa 44 were significantly

关键词： rice crop nutrition grain yield seed quality system of rice intensification water productivity

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Use of sewage in split doses to enhance water productivity for fish culture

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第6期6卷 609-616页

作者： Rathindranath Mandal Arabinda Das Debnarayan Chattopadhyay Ajmal Hussan Subhendu Adhikari Baidyanath Paul Farhana Hoque Parthapratim Chakrabarti Bindu R.Pillai Regional Research Centre ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater AquacultureRaharaKolkata700118West BengalIndia ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture Bhubaneswar751002OdishaIndia

The problem of sewage disposal has received great attention *** raw sewage contains a variety of high inorganic and organic matters that affect natural water *** mitigate such problem,sewage may be recycled through aquaculture *** recycling in aquaculture enhances water productivity through nutrients *** loading of sewage ensures viable aquaculture;otherwise,fish mortality occurs due to poor water *** optimize sewage application,two different experiments were conducted,each with four *** both experiments,three fish species namely rohu(Labeo rohita Hamilton,1822),mrigal(Cirrhinus mrigala Hamilton,1822),and bata(Labeo bata Hamilton,1822)were tested in triplicate in FRP(Fibre-Reinforced Plastic)*** sewage concentrations(0,25%,50%and 75%)used in first experiment were prepared by mixing freshwater,showing Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD)2.0±0.4 mg/L,10.8±1.4 mg/L,19.6±1.5 mg/L and 41.6±2.58 mg/L,*** 30 days rearing,results showed≥75%fish survival in sewage concentrations up to 50%with BOD level 19.6±1.5 mg/*** than 50%fish survived in 75%sewage concentration,with BOD level as 41.6±2.58 mg/*** second experiment was conducted for 90 days considering 50%sewage concentration as basal dose with BOD level as 19.6 mg/L as an acceptable limit for fish *** doses of sewage were applied in T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) treatments fortnightly,weekly and semi-weekly intervals,while single dose was used in C(control)*** of split doses resulted better hydro-biological changes,including nutrients recovery,in T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) than that of single dose in *** growth plotted with net primary productivity(NPP),phytoplankton and zooplankton densities exhibited positive correlations in T_(2)(12 doses)and T_(3)(24 doses),considered as optimal doses to ensure better water productivity for desirable fish production than sewage with single dose or limited doses(6 doses).

关键词： Sewage Split dose water productivity Fish rearing

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Effect of Phosphorus and Irrigation Levels on Yield,water productivity,Phosphorus Use Efficiency and Income of Lowland Rice in Northwest Pakistan

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Rice science 2013年第1期20卷 61-72页

作者： Khalid USMAN Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureGomal UniversityDera Ismail Khan 29050Pakistan

With decreasing availability of water for agriculture and increasing demand for rice production, an optimum use of irrigation water and phosphorus may guarantee sustainable rice production. Field experiments were conducted in 2003 and 2004 to investigate the effect of phosphorus and irrigation levels on yield, water productivity （WP）, phosphorus use efficiency （PUE） and income of low land rice. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements replicated four times. Main plot consisted of five phosphorus levels, viz. 0 （P0）, 50 （P50）, 100 （P100）, 150 （P15o）, and 200 （P200） kg/hm2, while subplots contained of irrigation times, i.e. 8 （I8）, 10 （I10）, 12 （I12）, and 14 （I14） irrigation levels, each with a water depth of 7.5 cm. Mean values revealed that P150 in combination with I10 produced the highest paddy yield （9.8 t/hm2） and net benefit （1 231.8 US$/hm2） among all the treatments. Phosphorus enhanced WP when applied in appropriate combination with irrigation level. The highest mean WP [13.3 kg/（hm2-mm）] could be achieved at Plso with 18 and decreased with increase in irrigation level, while the highest mean PUE （20.1 kg/kg） could be achieved at P100 with I10 and diminished with higher P levels. The overall results indicate that P150 along with I10 was the best combination for sustainable rice cultivation in silty clay soil.

关键词： virrigation level phosphorus phosphorus use efficiency rice water productivity yield

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water productivity for living aquatic resources in floodplains of Northwestern Bangladesh

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第4期 324-331页

作者： Md.Istiaque Hossain Md.Mahmudul Alam Chamhuri Siwar Madan Mohan Dey Mazlin Mokhtar Abdul Hamid Jaafar Md.Yeamin Hossain Department of Fisheries Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of RajshahiBangladesh Institute for Environment and Development(LESTARI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia(UKM)43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Aquaculture Economics and Marketing Aquaculture/Fisheries CenterUniversity of Arkansas Pine BluffUSA School of Economics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 SelangorMalaysia

Objective:To measure the productivity of water on the floodplain land in terms of fisheries and living aquatic resources based on two floodplain beels in ***:Among two beels,beel Mail is practicing community based fish culture management,and beel Chandpur is open access and improperly *** production and market price data of fish,snail,and aquatic plants were collected by direct observation based on 30 samples fishers in the year *** study also collected production related water quality data,such as water temperature,pH and dissolved ***:The water quality data are found within the normal *** aggregated water productivity values based on production costs were TK 8016.23 ha^(-1)and TK 3912.9 ha^(-1)and based on all cost TK 7160.97 ha^(-1)and TK 3741.13 ha^(-1)at beel Mail and beel Chandpur,*** contribution of fish,snails and aquatic resources were 96.50%,3.10%,and 0.40%of the gross aggregated water produced in beel Mail and 87.85%,8.38%,and 3.77%in the beel *** water productivity values in beel Mail are higher than in beel Chandpur due to the intervention of community based fish ***:The proper management and techniques of harvesting fish through appropriate number of fish fingerlings stocked,good quality of fish fingerlings,size of beel,good fencing and well defined embankment,*** help to improve the productivity of water in the beel areas.

关键词： Bangladesh Community based-management Floodplain water productivity

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Spatial and Temporal Variation in water productivity and Grain water Utilization Assessment of Heilongjiang Province,Northeast China

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2018年第1期25卷 70-84页

作者： Fu Qiang Sun Meng-xin Li Tian-xiao Cui Song Liu Dong Yan Pei-ru College of water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Northeast Agricultural University

Improving crop water productivity is necessary for ensuring food security. To quantify the water utilization in grain production from multiple perspectives, gross inflow water productivity(WPg), generalized agricultural water productivity(WPa), evapotranspiration water productivity(WPET) and irrigation water productivity(WPI) were examined in this study. This paper calculated and analyzed the temporal and spatial variation in these water productivity(WP) indices in the irrigated land of Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that almost all of the municipal WP indices increased from 2007 to 2015. The four indices showed large differences in scientific connotation and numerical performance, and their degrees of spatial variation were ranked as WPI>WPa>WPg>WPET. The spatial patterns of WP indices in different years were similar; the central and southern regions on the Songnen Plain and the eastern region had high WP values, while those of the northern region were low. Each WP index was used to evaluate the relationship between the input of water resources and the output of grain between different regions. Most cities had the potential to improve WP by reducing the input of irrigation water. Furthermore, the results provided recommendations to decision makers to plan for efficient use of water resources in different cities.

关键词： water productivity indice spatial and temporal variation irrigation grain water use

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