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Meta-analysis reveals that reproductive strategies are associated with sexual differences in oxidative balance across vertebrates

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 1-11页

作者： David COSTANTINI UMR 7221 Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 7 rue Cuvier 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France Department of Evolutionary Ecology Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17 Berlin 10315 Germany Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group Department of Biology University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 Wilrijk 2610 Belgium

Oxidative stress is a key physiological mechanism underlying life-history tradeoffs. Here, I use meta-analytic techniques to test whether sexual differences in oxidative balance are common in vertebrates and to identify which factors are associated with such differences. The dataset included 732 effect size estimates from 100 articles （82 species）. Larger unsigned effect size （meaning larger sexual differences in a given marker） occurred in： reptiles and fish; those species that do not pro- vide parental care; and oviparous species. Estimates of signed effect size （positive values meaning higher oxidative stress in males） indicated that females were less resistant to oxidative stress than males in： reptiles while males and females were similar in fish, birds, and mammals; those species that do not provide parental care; and oviparous species. There was no evidence for a significant sexual differentiation in oxidative balance in fish, birds, and mammals. Effect size was not associ- ated with： the number of offspring; whether the experimental animals were reproducing or not; biomarker （oxidative damage, non-enzymatic, or enzymatic antioxidant）, the species body mass; the strain （wild vs. domestic）; or the study environment （wild vs. captivity）. Oxidative stress tended to be higher in females than males across most of the tissues analyzed. Levels of residual heterogeneity were high in all models tested. The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that diversification of reproductive strategies might be associated with sexual differences in oxidative balance. This explorative meta-analysis offers a starting platform for future research to investigate the rela-tionship between sex and oxidative balance further.

关键词： antioxidants oviparity oxidative damage parental care vertebrates viviparity.

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Jian-Kang Liu： A pioneer of sex determination studies in vertebrates

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Protein & Cell 2016年第1期7卷 1-3页

作者： Li Zhou Jian-Fang Gui State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072 China

Sixty-eight years ago, Dr. W.S. Bullough, a Fellow of the Royal Society, published an article ＂Hermaphroditism in the lower vertebrates＂ in Nature （Bullough, 1947） and thereby commented a significant finding in lower vertebrate sex mechanism fulfilled by a young Chinese scholar Jian-Kang Liu （刘健康, C.K. Liu）（Fig. 1 ）. At the beginning of the article, Dr. Bullough respectfully acknowledged that：＂By the publi- cation in 1944 of a description of the gonads of Monopterus javanensis Lac. （Symbranchii; Teleostei）（Liu, 1944a）, Liu has furnished new and interesting evidence concerning the mechanism of sex determination in the lower vertebrates, and has opened a fresh field for research into this subject＂（Bullough, 1947）.

关键词： Jian-Kang sex determination vertebrates

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Antarctic Paleontological Heritage:Late Cretaceous–Paleogene vertebrates from Seymour(Marambio)Island,Antarctic Peninsula

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Advances in Polar Science 2019年第3期30卷 328-355页

作者： Marcelo A.REGUERO Instituto Antártico Argentino División Paleontología Vertebrados Museo de La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La Plata Paseo del Bosque s/n Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)

Antarctica has significant environmental,scientific,historic,and intrinsic values,all of which are worth protecting into the *** continent has a discrete number of places of scientific interest that exhibit great potential as natural heritage sites;its geodiversity is of fundamental importance to scientific values of the continent,and the pursuit of geological and paleontological knowledge has had a strong influence on its historical *** Island was once called the‘Rosetta Stone’of Southern Hemisphere paleobiology,because this small island provides the most complete and richly fossiliferous Late Cretaceous–Paleogene sequence in *** particular,fossil vertebrates form part of the evidence used in reconstructing the history of life on *** heritage is considered a subset of geo-heritage that embodies both natural and historical components which has received only indirect *** Island is an outstanding paleontological area with high heritage value of its Late Cretaceous/Paleogene vertebrates and should be considered for geo-conservation and *** paper reviews vertebrate fossil occurrences and outcrops on Seymour Island and discusses some threats to these fossil sites.

关键词： fossil vertebrates geo-heritage geo-conservation Late Cretaceous-Paleogene Seymour Island Antarctica

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Molecular Evolution of Clock Genes in vertebrates

Molecular Evolution of Clock Genes in Vertebrates

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第八届中国西部动物学学术研讨会

作者： MAO Yang ZHAO Qingyuan PENG Zuogang School of Life Sciences Southwest University

Species differences in the size or membership composition of multigene families can be attributed to lineage-specific additions of new genes via duplication,losses of genes via deletion or inactivation,and the creation of chimeric genes via domain shuffling or gene *** principle,it should be possible to infer the recombinational pathways responsible for each of these different types of genomic change by conducting detailed comparative analyses of genomic sequence ***,we reported an attempt to unravel the complex evolutionary history of the clock gene family in a taxonomically diverse set of vertebrate species and provide a novel insight into the evolution of clock gene family based on 102 vertebrate *** to our genome-wide analysis,we extracted altogether 264 clock *** maximum likelihood(ML) tree based on these sequences and corresponding protein sequences,indicating that tetrapod genomes contained two clock genes:clock1 and clock2(npas2).However,majority of teleost fishes possess three clock genes(two clock1 genes and one clock2 gene) due to whole genome wide *** followed syntenic analysis further showed that clock1 and clock2 in tetrapods and clock1 a,clock1 b,and clock2 in ***,we discovered that osteoglossiform fishes have two clock2 *** also performed pseudogene identification and selection pressure *** selective pressure result reveled that purifying selection has acted on the *** the rate of pairwise selective pressure include platypus were higher indicating that clock genes in this semiaquatic mammal may experience selection during the process of *** all,these results provide a genome-wide insight of clock gene evolution in vertebrates.

关键词： circadian rhythms genome duplication differential gene loss molecular evolution vertebrates

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TYPES OF TISSUES IN THE EXOSKELETON OF THE EARLY SILURIAN vertebrates FROM TUVA AND SOUTH SIBERIA

TYPES OF TISSUES IN THE EXOSKELETON OF THE EARLY SILURIAN VE...

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第二届国际古生物学大会

作者： Valentina KARATAJUTE-TALIMAA Moya Meredith SMITH Zivile ZIGAITE Institute of Geology and Geography T. Sevcenkos 13 Vilnius Lithuania Dental Institute KCL-Craniofacial Development Floor 27 Guy’s Tower London SE1 9RT UK Department of Geology and Mineralogy Vilnius University M.K.Ciurlionio 21/27 Vilnius Lithuania.University of Sciences and Technology of Lille Laboratory of Palaeozoic Palaeontology and Palaeogeography CNRS UMR 8014 F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq cedex France

Early vertebrates are common in Lower Silurian (Llandovery & Wenlock) of Tuva and South Siberia. The microremains appear in wide range of facies of Siberian Platform, including bar belt, restricted shallow shelf, brasckish lagoon and coastal belt facies (Karatajute-Talimaa & Predtechenskyj, 1995) as well as in shallow water facies of Tuva.

关键词： vertebrates Early Silurian hard tissues

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Frequency Selectivity Behaviour in the Auditory Midbrain： Implications of Model Study

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第12期23卷 3380-3383页

作者：匡神兵王嘉赋曾婷 Department of Physical Science and Technology Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070

By numerical simulations on frequency dependence of the spiking threshold, i.e. on the critical amplitude of periodic stimulus, for a neuron to fire, we find that bushy cells in the cochlear nuclear exhibit frequency selec- tivity behaviour. However, the selective frequency band of a bushy cell is far away from that of the preferred spectral range in human and mammal auditory perception. The mechanism underlying this neural activity is also discussed. Further studies show that the ion channel densities have little impact on the selective frequency band of bushy cells. These findings suggest that the neuronal behaviour of frequency selectivity in bushy cells at both the single cell and population levels may be not functionally relevant to frequency discrimination. Our results may reveal a neural hint to the reconsideration on the busily cell functional role in auditory information processing of sound frequency.

关键词： VENTRAL COCHLEAR NUCLEUS POTASSIUM CURRENTS NEURONS PREFERENCES vertebrates MECHANISMS RESPONSES SYSTEMS PITCH

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Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1039-1063页

作者： Floréal Solé Corentin Noiret Delphine Desmares Sylvain Adnet Louis Taverne Thierry De Putter Florias Mees Johan Yans Thomas Steeman Stephen Louwye Annelise Folie Nancy J.Stevens Gregg F.Gunnell Daniel Baudet Nicole Kitambala Yaya Thierry Smith Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS) Operational Directorate Earth and History of Life University of Namur (UNamur) Department of Geology Rue de Bruxelles 61 Sorbonne Université UPMC Paris 06 UMR 7207 (CR2P) UMR 5554-Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution Université Montpellier Place E.Bataillon Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA) Geodynamics and Mineral Resources Leuvensesteenweg 13 Ghent University (UGent) Department of Geology Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS) Heritage Scientific Survey Ohio University Department of Biomedical Sciences Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine Duke University Lemur Center Division of Fossil Primates (DFP) Centre de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (CRGM) 44 av.de la Démocratie Kinshasa Gombe

The early Paleogene is critical for understanding global biodiversity patterns in modern ecosystems. During this interval, Southern Hemisphere continents were largely characterized by isolation and faunal endemism following the breakup of Gondwana. Africa has been proposed as an important source area for the origin of several marine vertebrate groups but its Paleogene record is poorly sampled, especially from sub-Saharan Africa. To document the early Paleogene marine ecosystems of Central Africa, we revised the stratigraphic context of sedimentary deposits from three fossil-rich vertebrate localities: the Landana section in the Cabinda exclave(Angola), and the Manzadi and Bololo localities in western Democratic Republic of *** provide more refined age constraints for these three localities based on invertebrate and vertebrate faunas, foraminiferal and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, and carbon isotope records. We find an almost complete absence of Danian-aged rocks in the Landana section, contrary to prevailing interpretations over the last half a century(only the layer 1, at the base of the section, seems to be Danian). Refining the age of these Paleocene layers is crucial for analyzing fish evolution in a global framework, with implications for the early appearance of Scombridae(tunas and mackerels) and Tetraodontiformes(puffer fishes). The combination of vertebrate fossil records from Manzadi and Landana sections suggests important environmental changes around the K/Pg transition characterized by an important modification of the ichthyofauna. A small faunal shift may have occurred during the Selandian. More dramatic is the distinct decrease in overall richness that lasts from the Selandian to the Ypresian. The Lutetian of West Central Africa is characterized by the first appearance of numerous cartilaginous and bony fishes. Our analysis of the ichthyofauna moreover indicates two periods of faunal exchanges: one during the Paleocene, where Central Africa app

关键词： Central Africa Paleogene Stratigraphy Carbon isotope Planktonic foraminifera vertebrates

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MALE GAMETOPHYTE DEFECTIVE 2,Encoding a Sialyltransferase-like Protein,is Required for Normal Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第9期52卷 829-843页

作者： Yi Deng Wei Wang Wen-Qing Li Chuan Xia Hong-Ze Liao Xue-Qin Zhang De Ye State Key-Laboratory of Pla-nt Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Sialyltransferases （SlaTs） exist widely in vertebrates and play important roles in a variety of biological processes. In plants, several genes have also been identified to encode the proteins that share homology with the vertebrate SlaTs. However, very little is known about their functions in plants. Here we report the identification and characterization of a novel Arabidopsis gene, MALE GAMETOPHYTE DEFECTIVE 2 （MGP2） that encodes a sialyltransferase-like protein. MGP2 was expressed in all tissues including pollen grains and pollen tubes. The MGP2 protein was targeted to Golgi apparatus. Knockout of MGP2 significantly inhibited the pollen germination and retarded pollen tube growth in vitro and in vivo, but did not affect female gametophytic functions. These results suggest that the sialyltransferase-like protein MGP2 is important for normal pollen germination and pollen tube growth, giving a novel insight into the biological roles of the *** proteins in plants.

关键词： FERN gametophytes vertebrates GENES GERMINATION PROTEINS POLLEN

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Stratigraphy and Geochronology of Vertebrate Fossil-Bearing Jurassic Strata from Linglongta,Jianchang County,Western Liaoning,Northeastern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第6期86卷 1326-1339页

作者： PENG Nan LIU Yongqing KUANG Hongwei JIANG Xiaojun XU Huan Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences School of the Earth Science and Resources China University of Geosciences

Northeastern China contains widely distributed Jurassic terrestrial strata that have yielded many spectacular mammal and pterosaur fossils, in addition to feathered dinosaur fossils and more recent discoveries from Jianchang, particularly from western Liaoning. However, the fossil-bearing stratigraphic succession, regional correlation, and age estimates of the fossils found in Jianchang County and nearby areas have been contentious. Here, we report on the vertebrate fossil-bearing Jurassic stratigraphy from Linglongta, Jianchang County, western Liaoning, including a SHRIMP U-Pb zircon date unambiguously associated with the fossil horizons. The primary goal was to determine the vertebrate fossil-bearing succession. A further aim was to provide age estimations for the fossil-bearing horizon as well as the earliest appearance of feathered dinosaurs, the eutherian-placental clade, and transitional pterosaurs. Field investigations showed that the vertebrate fossil-bearing stratigraphic succession in Jianchang County mainly consists of basal andesites overlain by rhythmic tufts and tuffaceous lacustrine sediments, with the upper intermediate or acidic lavas interbedded with laminated more or less tuffaceous lacustrine deposits. This sequence correlates well with the Middle Jurassic Lanqifl＇iaojishan Formation in northeastern China. Detailed and accurate field observations showed that the well- preserved vertebrate fossils were buried in either the middle or the upper fine-grained laminated lacustrine deposits. Previous and current SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dates provide an age estimation of 161- 159 Myr for the fossil-bearing horizon and vertebrates. This indicates that the earliest appearance of feathered dinosaurs here was more than 159 Myr ago and unquestionably older than Archaeopteryx from Germany, making these the earliest known feathered dinosaurs in the world. Furthermore, the eutherian-placental clade and the known transitional pterosaurs first emerged no later than 161

关键词： Jurassic vertebrates stratigraphy geochronology northeastern China

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Choosing among correlative, mechanistic, and hybrid models of species’ niche and distribution

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第1期18卷 93-109页

作者： Luara TOURINHO Mariana M.VALE Graduate Program in Ecology Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroIlha do FundãoRio de JaneiroBrazil Ecology Department Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroIlha do FundãoRio de JaneiroBrazil

Different models are available to estimate species’niche and *** and correlative models have different underlying conceptual bases,thus generating different estimates of a species’niche and geographic *** models,which combining correlative and mechanistic approaches,are considered a promising strategy;however,no synthesis in the literature assessed their applicability for terrestrial vertebrates to allow best-choice model considering their strengths and ***,we provide a systematic review of studies that compared or integrated correlative and mechanistic models to estimate species’niche for terrestrial vertebrates under climate *** goal was to understand their conceptual,methodological,and performance differences,and the appli-cability of each *** studies we reviewed directly compared mechanistic and correlative predictions in terms of accuracy or estimated suitable area,however,without any quantitative analysis to support ***,many studies suggest that instead of comparing approaches,mechanistic and correlative methods should be integrated(hybrid models).However,we stress that the best approach is highly ***-deed,the quality and effectiveness of the prediction depends on the study’s objective,methodological design,and which type of species’niche and geographic distribution estimated are more appropriate to answer the study’s issue.

关键词： climate change ecological niche model integrative model species distribution model vertebrates

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