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Ultrasound,contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pyelonephritis:A narrative review

World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期13卷 1-8页

作者： Andrea Boccatonda Roberta Stupia Carla Serra Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences(DIMEC) University of BolognaBologna 40126Italy Department of General Medicine C Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of VeronaUniversity of VeronaVerona 37134Italy Department of Medical Liver Transplant Care General and University Hospital S.Orsola-MalpighiBologna 40138Italy

Acute pyelonephritis(APN)is a bacterial infection resulting in kidney inflammation,typically arising as a complication of an ascending urinary tract infection that ascends from the bladder to the *** diagnosis is generally based on clinical and laboratory *** guidelines recommend not performing diagnostic imaging unless a complicated APN is suspected or the infection affects high-risk patients such as the elderly,immunocompromised individuals,or ***-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is a valuable tool in both the diagnosis and follow-up of *** aids in distinguishing small simple nephritic involvement from abscess complications and monitoring their evolution over time during antibiotic *** its lack of ionizing radiation and nephrotoxicity,CEUS is a valid diagnostic modality for approaching and monitoring pyelonephritis,improving early identification and characterization of inflammatory *** review aims to summarize the main evidence on the use of ultrasound and CEUS in the diagnosis of APN and its follow-up.

关键词： Pyelonephritis Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Kidney Abscess urinary infection

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Renal papillary necrosis with urinary tract obstruction:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第16期10卷 5400-5405页

作者： Hong-Hong Pan Yi-Jia Luo Qing-Guo Zhu Lie-Fu Ye Department of Urology Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Renal papillary necrosis(RPN)is a rare *** is difficult to distinguish RPN with urinary tract obstruction from upper urinary tract occupying *** reported a case of RPN and made a definite diagnosis largely based upon its endoscopic *** SUMMARY A 75-year-old woman presented with right flank pain,visible hematuria and a body temperature greater than 39℃.Laboratory investigations revealed leukocytosis with 12.7×10/L white blood cells and 93.6%*** creatinine was 333 umol/*** showed hydronephrosis of the right kidney and a right distal ureteric *** urgent placement of right ureteral double J stent and treatment with antibiotics,the patient’s symptoms and the blood abnormalities improved *** tomography urography showed the presence of multiple occupying lesions in the right *** endoscopic ureteroscopy revealed that renal papillary necrosis and the subsequent migration of sloughed papillae into the upper ureter and *** sloughed papillae appeared like“cottons”,which were whitish,soft,and irregularly-shaped without blood *** addition,the necrotic and sloughed renal papillae were removed by flexible ureteroscopy to prevent further *** examination found that infarcted renal papillae were associated with inflammatory *** months after discharge,follow-up computed tomography urography showed no obvious lesions in the renal *** This case revealed the endoscopic features of *** addition,flexible ureteroscopy proves to be vital in diagnosis and treatment of RPN.

关键词： Renal papillary necrosis Endoscopic sign Ureteroscopy The upper urinary tract occupying lesions urinary infection Case report

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Ureteral stent technology:Drug-eluting stents and stent coatings

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Asian Journal of Urology 2015年第4期2卷 194-201页

作者： Luo Yang Samantha Whiteside Peter A.Cadieux John D.Denstedt Department of Surgery Division of UrologyNo.4 West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina Department of Urology of West China Hospital of Sichuan University ChengduSichuanChina Department of Surgery Division of UrologyWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Department of Microbiology and Immunology Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada School of Health Sciences Fanshawe CollegeLondonOntarioCanada

Ureteral stents are commonly used following urological procedures to maintain ureteral ***,alongside the benefits of the device,indwelling stents frequently cause significant patient discomfort(pain,urgency,frequency)and can become encrusted and *** importance of these sequelae is that they are not only bothersome to the patient but can lead to significant morbidity,urinary retention,ureteral damage,recurrent infections,pyelonephritis and *** these problems occur,stent removal or replacement alongside antibiotic,analgesic and/or other symptom-modifying therapies are essential to successfully treat the *** an attempt to prevent such morbidity,numerous approaches have been investigated over the past several decades to modify the stent itself,thereby affecting changes locally within the urinary tract without significant systemic *** strategies include changes to device design,polymeric composition,drug-elution and surface *** these,drug-elution and surface coatings are the most studied and display the most promise for advancing ureteral stent use and *** article reviews these two strategies in detail to determine their clinical potential and guide future research in the area.

关键词： Drug-eluting stents Stent coatings urinary infection

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