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Prevalence of hepatitis C infection among intravenous drug users in Shanghai

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第32期19卷 5320-5325页

作者： Yan-Lin Tao Yu-Fan Tang Jian-Ping Qiu Xiao-Feng Cai Xiao-Ting Shen Ya-Xin Wang Xue-Tao Zhao Microbiology Laboratory Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xuhui Microbiology Laboratory Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center

AIM:To characterize the prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection among Chinese intravenous drug users(IDUs).METHODS:A total of 432 adult IDUs(95 women and337 men)in Shanghai were included in the *** third-generation Elecsys Anti-HCV assay(Roche Diagnostics GmbH,Sandhofer Strasse 116,D-68305,Mannheim,Germany)was used to screen for antibodies against *** RIBA strip,a supplemental antiHCV test with high specificity,was performed on all of the samples that tested positive during the initial *** of the anti-HCV positive samples were analyzed with a Cobas TaqMan 48 Analyzer(Roche Diagnostics)for direct detection of HCV *** of the HCV RNA-positive samples were sequenced for genotype ***:The preliminary screening identified 262(60.6%)subjects who were seropositive for *** the 62 females and 200 males seropositive subjects,16(16.7%)and 65(19.3%),respectively,were confirmed by RIBA,yielding an overall HCV seropositive rate of18.8%.Four female(6.5%)and 14 male(7.0%)subjects tested positive for HCV RNA,indicating an active infection rate of 4.2%for the entire study *** 18 HCV RNA-positive serum samples were *** individuals were genotype 1b,and four were genotype *** individual each was infected with genotypes 2a,2b and *** subjects were coinfected with multiple strains:two with genotypes 1a and 2a,and two with genotypes 1b and *** active infection rate among HCV-seropositive individuals was22.2%,which was significantly lower than most ***:The prevalence of HCV is relatively low among IDUs in Shanghai,with a spontaneous recovery rate much higher than previous estimates.

关键词： Hepatitis C Anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies Prevalence of hepatitis C virus Active infection rate Intravenous drug users

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High seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and HIV-1 co-infection among drug users in Yunnan province, southwest China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第8期59卷 857-859页

作者： Xin Chen Mei Ye Yan-Heng Zhou Feng-Liang Liu Lin Duo Hong Li Wei Pang Yong-Tang Zheng Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province Kunming 650021 China Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Kunming 650022 China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 China

Dear Editor, Toxoplasma gondii was discovered more than 100 years ago and has a broad-spectrum of intermediate hosts in addi- tion to its definitive host, felids. Although it does not cause symptomatic illness in most adults, it can lead to mental retardation in congenitally infected children and serious diseases in immunocompromised patients （Hill et al., 2005）. The first report of T. gondii infection in China was pub- lished in Chinese in 1964; subsequently, many other cases have been carried out. Currently, most publications about the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in Yunnan have examined infections in pets, domestic animals, and wild animals; however, few previously published studies have assessed human T. gondii infection in Yunnan province.

关键词： users Toxoplasma retardation illness southwest infected likely prone children conclusion

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Investigating the impacts of urban built environments on users of multiple services in elderly care facilities

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第5期12卷 999-1010页

作者： Xiaoming Li Xiangfeng Li The Bartlett School of Architecture University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK School of Architecture Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

t This paper aims to characterize the varied urban settings community-based elderly care facilities are located,and examine whether characteristics of urban built environments influence the number of older people attending care facilities for multiple *** dataset incorporates 108 cases of community-based elderly care facilities and usage records from over 17000 users collected in the Chinese city of Nanjing.A network-based approach was employed to comprehensively describe urban built environments surrounding care facilities with a series of metrics on street morphology and *** was found that urban built environments significantly influenced the number of users attending care *** having more users tended to locate in places with more shops and stores,on major arterial streets of the city,or inside large housing estates in the outer ***,urban factors performed differently in affecting users of different services as services accepting spontaneous users were more likely to be influenced by street *** study revealed specific urban factors facilitating older people’s usage of care *** also generated practical implications regarding the strategies for the planning of spatial locations and service provision to improve the utilization of community-based elderly care.

关键词： Community-based elderlycarefacility Urban built environment users Multiple services

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Opinion Leaders and Lead users in Marketing and Management Accounting and Impact on Small Business Performance

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Social Networking 2013年第1期2卷 9-18页

作者： Katharina Simbeck Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management Technical University Berlin Germany

This paper empirically investigates into the business performance benefit that lead users or opinion leaders among small business owners draw from their higher involvement in management accounting or marketing topics. This work also contributes to a better identification of network members’ roles solely through their ties between each other. Indeed, lead users and opinion leaders can be differentiated by a higher degree centrality in comparison to their peers. However, being an opinion leader or a lead user does not yield a measurable business benefit to the small businesses studied in this sample.

关键词： Social Network Analysis Opinion Leaders Lead users Small Businesses Network Centrality

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Evaluation of Microblog users’ Influence Based on PageRank and users Behavior Analysis

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Advances in Internet of Things 2013年第2期3卷 34-40页

作者： Lijuan Huang Yeming Xiong School of Economics and Management Xidian University Xi’an China

This paper explores the uses’ influences on microblog. At first, according to the social network theory, we present an analysis of information transmitting network structure based on the relationship of following and followed phenomenon of microblog users. Informed by the microblog user behavior analysis, the paper also addresses a model for calculating weights of users’ influence. It proposes a U-R model, using which we can evaluate users’ influence based on PageRank algorithms and analyzes user behaviors. In the U-R model, the effect of user behaviors is explored and PageRank is applied to evaluate the importance and the influence of every user in a microblog network by repeatedly iterating their own U-R value. The users’ influences in a microblog network can be ranked by the U-R value. Finally, the validity of U-R model is proved with a real-life numerical example.

关键词： Social Network Microblog users Behavior PageRank Algorithms U-R Model Influence

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Fighting the Ignorance: Public Authorities’ and Land users’ Responses to Land Subsidence in Indonesia

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American Journal of Climate Change 2017年第1期6卷 1-21页

作者： Erlis Saputra Thomas Hartmann Annelies Zoomers Tejo Spit Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands Department of Development Geography Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia

Land subsidence can have a considerable impact on the socio-economic viability of areas. In urban areas, land subsidence tends to damage buildings and infrastructures gradually, while in rural peat land it slowly destroys vegetation. The damages will worsen since climate change has further implications for the areas affected by land subsidence. In Indonesia, the response to land subsidence varies in different areas in terms of awareness, urgency and action on the part of both public authorities and land users. This paper systematically investigates these varied responses in urban and rural peat land areas. Interviews with experts and surveys of 330 land users in selected sub-districts were conducted and further supplemented by focus group discussions. We found that both the public authorities as well as the land users’ responses were considered as of limited value to contest land subsidence. We suggest that the endorsement of land users’ response into governmental policies would make a significant difference in improving land subsidence management.

关键词： Indonesia Land Subsidence Land users Public Authorities Response

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Topological and Historical Considerations for Infectious Disease Transmission among Injecting Drug users in Bushwick, Brooklyn (USA)

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World Journal of AIDS 2013年第1期3卷 1-9页

作者： Kirk Dombrowski Richard Curtis Samuel Friedman Bilal Khan National Development Research Institute New York USA. Social Networks Research Group John Jay College CUNY New York USA

Recent interest by physicists in social networks and disease transmission factors has prompted debate over the topology of degree distributions in sexual networks. Social network researchers have been critical of “scale-free” Barabasi-Albert approaches, and largely rejected the preferential attachment, “rich-get-richer” assumptions that underlie that model. Instead, research on sexual networks has pointed to the importance of homophily and local sexual norms in dictating degree distributions, and thus disease transmission thresholds. Injecting Drug User (IDU) network topologies may differ from the emerging models of sexual networks, however. Degree distribution analysis of a Brooklyn, NY, IDU network indicates a different topology than the spanning tree configurations discussed for sexual networks, instead featuring comparatively short cycles and high concurrency. Our findings suggest that IDU networks do in some ways conform to a “scale-free” topology, and thus may represent “reservoirs” of potential infection despite seemingly low transmission thresholds.

关键词： Social Network Analysis Injecting Drug users Scale-Free Networks

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Current Situation and Mode of Talent Training in Marine Cultural Industry Based on Collaborative Innovation of Governments,Enterprises,Colleges,Scientific Institutions and users

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2017年第3期8卷 32-35页

作者： Qu Qunzhen Wang Wenjing School of Economics and Management Shanghai Maritime University

Based on the present situation of talent training in marine cultural industry,the collaborative innovation mechanism of governments,enterprises,colleges,scientific institutions and users was used to construct the mode of talent training in marine cultural industry. It is needed to give full play to the active roles of governments,enterprises,colleges,scientific institutions and users in the training of marine cultural talents,develop training mode of innovative scientific and technological talents,speed up the construction of collaborative innovation ability of marine cultural talents,and improve the efficiency of talent training.

关键词： Governments, enterprises, colleges, scientific institutions and users Collaborative innovation Marine cultural industry Talent training mode

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Social reading users’ exit, voice, loyalty and neglect behaviors from the perspective of psychological contract

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Journal of Library Science in China 2018年 191-192页

作者： LIU Luchuan LI Xu 不详

Social reading is a new model of reading with the characteristics of virtual community,which is accompanied by the Internet,especially the mobile *** order to reveal and explain the emotions and behaviors of socialize... 详细信息

关键词： Social reading users loyalty and neglect behaviors from the perspective of psychological contract voice

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Study on Guidance of users’Point of View to Construction of Urban Park in China——Inspiration by "Reflection on Urban Park:Public Space and Multi-culture"

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Journal of Landscape Research 2010年第8期2卷 14-16,20页

作者：王璐艳刘克成西安建筑科技大学陕西西安710055

New idea studying urban parks was opened up by "Reflection on Urban Park:Public Space and Multi-culture". By introducing anthropology into planning and design methodology of urban public space, it provided a new research method for the planning of urban park in our country. Through introduction and assessment of the book, existing problems and suggestions of the construction of our urban parks were proposed. In the perspective of urban parks' users, by the method of ethnology and anthropology, cultural diversity of urban public space would be investigated, paying attention to the usage behavior and different cultural characteristics, thinking about how to respect ecology and environmental construction of parks and coordinate the relation between culture and ecology while cultural diversity was respected. What should be considered in the construction of urban parks was not only culture but also ecological environment protection when culture was respected and citizens' interests during environment construction. These were also the fundamental problems needed to be considered and solved in parks' planning, construction and operation.

关键词： Urban Park users Planning Culture Ecology

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