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Molecular detection of the powdery mildew resistance genes in winter wheats DH51302 and Shimai 26

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第4期19卷 931-940页

作者： QU Yun-feng WU Pei-pei HU Jing-huang CHEN Yong-xing SHI Zhan-liang QIU Dan LI Ya-hui ZHANG Hong-jun ZHOU Yang YANG Li LIU Hong-wei ZHU Tong-quan LIU Zhi-yong ZHANGYan-ming LI Hong-jie Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetic and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province/College of Life Science and Technology Harbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025P.R.China National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101P.R.China Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Shijiazhuang 050041P.R.China Wheat Research Institute Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhumadian 463000P.R.China

Resistance to powdery mildew is an important trait of interest in many wheat breeding programs. The information on genes conferring resistance to powdery mildew in wheat cultivars is useful in parental selection. Winter wheat breeding line DH51302 derived from Liangxing 99 and cultivar Shimai 26 derived from Jimai 22 showed identical infection patterns against 13 isolates of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici(Bgt) that causes wheat powdery mildew. DH51302 and Shimai 26 were crossed to a powdery mildew susceptible cultivar Zhongzuo 9504 and the F2:3 families were used in molecular localization of the resistance genes. Fourteen polymorphic markers, which were linked to Pm52 from Liangxing 99, were used to establish the genetic linkage maps for the resistance genes Pm DH51302 and Pm SM26 in DH51302 and Shimai 26, respectively. These genes were placed in the same genetic interval where Pm52 resides. Analysis of gene-linked molecular markers indicated that Pm DH51302 and Pm SM26 differed from other powdery mildew resistance genes on chromosome arm 2 BL, such as Pm6, Pm33, Pm51, Ml Zec1, Ml AB10, and Pm64. Based on the results of reaction patterns to different Bgt isolates and molecular marker localization, together with the pedigree information, DH51302 and Shimai 26 carried the same gene, Pm52, which confers their resistance to powdery mildew.

关键词： triticum aestivum Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici Pm52 molecular mapping

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Development of P genome-specific SNPs and their application in tracing Agropyron cristatum introgressions in common wheat

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The Crop Journal 2019年第2期7卷 151-162页

作者： Huihui Ma Jinpeng Zhang Jing Zhang Shenghui Zhou Haiming Han Weihua Liu Xinming Yang Xiuquan Li Lihui Li Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

As an important wild relative of wheat, Agropyron cristatum has been successfully used for wheat improvement. Currently, a few useful agronomic traits of A. cristatum, such as high grain number per spike and resistance to diseases, have been transferred into common ***, the effective detection of small A. cristatum segmental introgressions in common wheat is still difficult. The objective of this study was to identify A. cristatum-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) for the detection of small alien segments in wheat. The transcriptome sequences of A. cristatum were aligned against wheat coding DNA sequences(CDS) for SNP calling. As a result, we discovered a total of 167,613 putative SNPs specific to the P genome of A. cristatum compared with the common wheat genomes. Among 230 selected SNPs with functional annotations related to inflorescence development and stress resistance,68 were validated as P genome-specific SNPs in multiple wheat backgrounds using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP) assays. Among them, 55 SNPs were assigned to six homoeologous groups of the P genome using wheat-A. cristatum addition lines, and 6 P-specific SNP markers were further physically mapped on different segments of chromosome 6 P in 6 P translocation lines. The P genome-specific SNPs were also validated by Sanger sequencing and used to detect the P chromatin in wheat-A. cristatum cryptic introgression lines. Two SNP markers(Unigene20217-182 and Unigene20307-1420) were detected in two wheat-A. cristatum introgression lines that showed enhanced grain number per spike and high resistance to powdery mildew. Together, the developed P genome-specific SNP markers will accelerate the detection of large numbers of wheat-A. cristatum derivatives and will be helpful for marker-assisted transfer of desirable traits from A. cristatum into adapted wheat cultivars in wheat breeding programs.

关键词： KASP marker Single nucleotide polymorphism Agropyron cristatum triticum aestivum

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Diversity and sub-functionalization of TaGW8 homoeologs hold potential for genetic yield improvement in wheat

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The Crop Journal 2019年第6期7卷 830-844页

作者： Lin Ma Chenyang Hao Hongxia Liu Jian Hou Tian Li Xueyong Zhang Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Grain Weight 8(GW8) in rice is a SQUAMOSA Promoter-Binding Protein-Like(SPL) family transcription factor with multiple biological functions. In this study, three GW8 homoeologs were cloned from homoeologous group 7 chromosomes of wheat. Subcellular localization and trans-activation activity assays suggested that Ta GW8 is a transcriptional *** GW8 genes were preferentially expressed in young spikes and developing grains. Ectopic expressions of Ta GW8 in Arabidopsis and rice resulted in enhanced vegetative growth,earlier flowering and larger seeds. Ta GW8-7 A was the most highly variable of the three homoeologs with four haplotypes(Hap-1/2/3/4). Ta GW8-7 B had two haplotypes(Hap-L/H).Ta GW8-7 A-Hap-2 was associated with high thousand-grain weight(TGW) and large kernel length and showed higher transcriptional levels and binding activity than the other haplotypes. The high frequency of Ta GW8-7 A-Hap-2 in Chinese wheat populations suggested that it had been extensively selected in breeding. This haplotype showed a high potential for exploitation in global wheat breeding because its frequency was low in exotic germplasm. Ta GW8-7 B-Hap-H produced abundant transcripts and was associated with early heading and maturity, less tiller number and high TGW. This haplotype might be suitable for multiple cropping systems due to short wheat season. In this study we identified sub-functionalization among Ta GW8 homoeologs and obtained functional molecular markers that can be used in breeding for high grain yield.

关键词： Grain yield Haplotype association Marker assisted breeding Thousand grain weight triticum aestivum

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SNP-based linkage mapping for validation of adult plant stripe rust resistance QTL in common wheat cultivar Chakwal 86

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The Crop Journal 2019年第2期7卷 176-186页

作者： Qingdong Zeng Jianhui Wu Shuo Huang Fengping Yuan Shengjie Liu Qilin Wang Jingmei Mu Shizhou Yu Li Chen Dejun Han Zhensheng Kang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F University Extension Center for Agricultural Technology Agriculture Department of Tibetan Autonomous Region

Wheat crops in China are constantly challenged by stripe rust. Deployment of cultivars with diverse resistances is the best strategy to control the disease. A recombinant inbred line(RIL) population derived from a cross between the resistant cultivar Chakwal 86 and susceptible landrace Mingxian 169 was studied in multiple environments to examine the underlying genetics and to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL) for stripe rust *** hundred and twenty-eight RILs were genotyped with wheat 35 K SNP array and a genome-wide linkage map with 1480 polymorphic SNP markers, or bins, was *** major QTL on chromosomes 1BL and 3BS, and one minor QTL on 6BS had significant effects in reducing stripe rust severity. The QTL were validated using composite interval mapping(CIM) and inclusive composite interval mapping(ICIM). These methods explained59.0%–74.1% of the phenotype variation in disease response. The QTL on chromosome 1 BL was confirmed to be Yr29/Lr46 and the one on 3BS was the resistance allele identified in CIMMYT germplasm but was not Yr30/Sr2. The QTL on 6BS probably corresponded to previously known QTL. RILs with combined QTL were more resistant than those with single or no QTL. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP) assays for the QTL with largest effect QTL on chromosome 3BS were performed on a subset of RILs and 150 unrelated wheat lines. The QTL on 3BS with its linked KASP markers can be used in marker-assisted selection to improve stripe rust resistance in breeding programs.

关键词： Genetic linkage Haplotype analysis QTL mapping Puccinia striiformis Single nucleotide polymorphism triticum aestivum

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Characterization of Wheat Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers Associated with the H11 Hessian Fly Resistance Gene

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第8期48卷 958-964页

作者： Dhia Bouktila Maha Mezghani Mohamed Marrakchi Hanem Makni Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Immunology and BiotechnologyScience Faculty of TunisUniversity of Tunis EI ManarUniversity Campus1068TunisTunisia

In Tunisia, the Hessian fly Mayetiola destructor Say is a major pest of durum wheat （triticum durum Desf.） and bread wheat （T. aestivum L.）. Genetic resistance is the most efficient and economical method of control of this pest. To date, 31 resistance genes, designated H1-H31, have been identified in wheat. These genes condition resistance to the insect genes responsible for virulence. Using wheat cultivars differing for the presence of an individual Hessian fly resistance gene and random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） analysis, we have identified a polymorphic 386-bp DNA marker （Xgmib1-1A.1） associated with the H11 Hessian fly resistance gene. Blast analysis showed a high identity with a short region in the wild wheat （T. monococcum） genome, adjacent to the leaf rust resistance Lr10 gene. A genetic linkage was reported between this gene （Lr10） and Hessian fly response in wheat. These data were used for screening Hessian fly resistance in Tunisian wheat germplasm. Xgmib1-1A.1-like fragments were detected in four Tunisian durum and bread wheat varieties. Using these varieties in Hessian fly breeding programs in Tunisia would be of benefit in reducing the damage caused by this fly.

关键词： cultivar Mayetiola molecular markers resistance genes triticum variety.

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Molecular mapping of a novel wheat powdery mildew resistance gene Ml92145E8-9 and its application in wheat breeding by marker-assisted selection

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The Crop Journal 2018年第6期6卷 621-627页

作者： Xiaocheng Yu Shizhong Ren Lanfei Zhao Jun Guo Yinguang Bao Yingxue Ma Hongwei Wang Herbert W.Ohm Dazhao Yu Hongjie Li Lingrang Kong State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018ShandongChina Department of Agronomy Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907-1150USA Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430064HubeiChina Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici(Bgt), is one of the most devastating diseases of common wheat(triticum aestivum L.). The wheat line 92145 E8-9 is immune to Bgt isolate E09. Genetic analysis reveals that the powdery mildew resistance in 92145 E8-9 is controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated Ml92145 E8-9. Bulkedsegregant analysis(BSA) with simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers indicates that Ml92145 E8-9 is located on chromosome 2 AL. According to the reactions of 92145 E8-9,VPM1(Pm4 b carrier), and Lankao 906(PmLK906 carrier) to 14 Bgt isolates, the resistance spectrum of 92145 E8-9 differs from those of Pm4 b and PmLK906, both of which were previously localized to 2 AL. To test the allelism among Ml92145 E8-9, Pm4 b and PmLK906, two F2 populations of 92145 E8-9 × VPM1(Pm4 b) and 92145 E8-9 × Lankao 906(PmLK906) were developed in this study. Screening of 784 F2 progeny of 92145 E8-9 × VPM1 and 973 F2 progeny of 92145 E8-9 × Lankao 906 for Bgt isolate E09 identified 37 and 19 susceptible plants, respectively. These findings indicated that Ml92145 E8-9 is non-allelic to either Pm4 b or PmLK906. Thus, Ml92145 E8-9 is likely to be a new powdery mildew resistance gene on2 AL. New polymorphic markers were developed based on the collinearity of genomic regions of Ml92145 E8-9 with the reference sequences of the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium(IWGSC). Ml92145 E8-9 was mapped to a 3.6 c M interval flanked by molecular markers Xsdauk13 and Xsdauk682. This study also developed five powdery mildew-resistant wheat lines(SDAU3561, SDAU3562, SDAU4173, SDAU4174, and SDAU4175)using flanking marker-aided selection. The markers closely linked to Ml92145 E8-9 would be useful in marker-assisted selection for wheat powdery mildew resistance breeding.

关键词： Marker-assisted selection Ml92145E8-9 Powdery mildew triticum aestivum L.

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Single nucleotide polymorphisms linked to quantitative trait loci for grain quality traits in wheat

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The Crop Journal 2016年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： Chunlian Li Guihua Bai Shiaoman Chao Brett Carver Zhonghua Wang College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F University Agronomy Department Kansas State University Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Research Unit USDA-ARS Department of Plant and Soil Science Oklahoma State University

Wheat(triticum aestivum L.) grain quality traits that are controlled by quantitative traits loci(QTL) define suitable growing areas and potential end-use products of a wheat cultivar. To dissect QTL for these traits including protein content(GPC); test weight(TW); single kernel characterization system(SKCS)-estimated kernel weight(SKW); kernel diameter(KD);kernel hardness measured by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS) hardness index(NHI); and SKCS-hardness index(SHI), a high-density genetic map with single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) and simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers was developed using recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from Ning7840 × Clark. The RILs were evaluated for these quality traits in seven Oklahoma environments from 2001 to 2003. A total of 41 QTL with additive effects on different traits were mapped on most wheat chromosomes,excluding 1A, 2A, 3D, 4D, 6D, and 7B. Seven chromosome regions showed either tightly linked QTL or QTL with pleiotropic effects on two to four traits. Ten pairs of QTL showed additive × additive effects(AA), four QTL were involved in additive × environment(AE)effects, and one was involved in AAE effects. Two to eleven QTL for each of the six traits and139 tightly linked markers to these QTL were identified. The findings shed light on the inheritance of wheat grain quality traits and provide DNA markers for manipulating these important traits to improve quality of new wheat cultivars.

关键词： triticum aestivum Epistasis Grain quality traits QTL×environments interaction SNP

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Wheat breeding in northern China: Achievements and technical advances

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The Crop Journal 2019年第6期7卷 718-729页

作者： Hongjie Li Yang Zhou Wenli Xin Yiqin Wei Junling Zhang Lilei Guo The National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Crop Breeding Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150086HeilongjiangChina Institute of Crop Research Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesYinchuan 750100NingxiaChina Institute of Foxtail Millet Shanxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangzhi 046000ShanxiChina National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center Beijing 100125China

Common wheat is the major cereal crop that underpins the food safety of China. Both winter wheat and spring wheat are grown on ~24 million ha. This review aims to summarize the current status of wheat production and breeding progress in the northern wheat production areas of the country, and to review recently advanced technologies being applied in wheat breeding, including the use of dwarf-male-sterile(DMS) wheat, speed breeding and specialized wheat breeding SNP chips. Crossing is the initial step in most breeding programs. DMS wheat is a convenient tool for large scale production of hybrid seed. Speed breeding or accelerated generation turnover attempts to reduce the time taken in cultivar development. Several different SNP chips are high-throughput, genome-wide genotyping platforms for breeding and research.

关键词： Common wheat Dwarf male sterile wheat Speed breeding SNP chips triticum aestivum

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A wheat chromosome 5AL region confers seedling resistance to both tan spot and Septoria nodorum blotch in two mapping populations

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The Crop Journal 2019年第6期7卷 809-818页

作者： Wenjing Hu Xinyao He Susanne Dreisigacker Carolina P.Sansaloni Philomin Juliana Pawan K.Singh Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low&Middle Yangtze Valley Ministry of AgricultureLixiahe Region Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou 225007JiangsuChina International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Apdo.Postal 6-64a06600 Mexico D.F.Mexico

Tan spot(TS) and Septoria nodorum blotch(SNB), caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Parastagonospora nodorum, respectively, are important fungal leaf-spotting diseases of wheat that cause significant losses in grain yield. In this study, two recombinant inbred line populations, ‘Bartai’ × ‘Ciano T79’(referred to as B × C) and ‘Cascabel’ × ‘Ciano T79’(C × C) were tested for TS and SNB response in order to determine the genetic basis of seedling resistance. Genotyping was performed with the DAr Tseq genotypingby-sequencing(GBS) platform. A chromosome region on 5 AL conferred resistance to TS and SNB in both populations, but the effects were larger in B × C(R^2= 11.2%–16.8%) than in C × C(R^2= 2.5%–9.7%). Additionally, the chromosome region on 5BL(presumably Tsn1)was significant for both TS and SNB in B × C but not in C × C. Quantitative trait loci(QTL)with minor effects were identified on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4D, 5A, 5B, 5D, 6B,and 6D. The two CIMMYT breeding lines ‘Bartai’ and ‘Cascabel’ contributed resistance alleles at both 5AL and 5BL QTL mentioned above. The QTL on 5AL showed linkage with the Vrn-A1 locus, whereas the vrn-A1 allele conferring lateness was associated with resistance to TS and SNB.

关键词： Parastagonospora nodorum Pyrenophora tritici-repentis QTL mapping Resistance breeding triticum aestivum

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A catalog of gliadin alleles:Polymorphism of 20th-century common wheat germplasm

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The Crop Journal 2018年第6期6卷 628-641页

作者： Eugene Metakovsky Viktor Melnik Marta Rodriguez-Quijano Vladimir Upelniek Jose Maria Carrillo Unidad de Genetica Universidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences MoscowRussia

A new, improved version of the catalog of 182 alleles at the six Gli loci of common wheat(*** L.) shown in electrophoregrams of 128 standard genotypes was used for analysis of1060 cultivars and lines bred in the 20 th century. The most frequent alleles in the studied germplasm occurred with frequencies of 18%–40%, with 30 unique alleles, one in each cultivar. Extremely high genetic diversity was found(average H for the six main Gli loci was0.870 ± 0.046), nearly identical in winter(H = 0.831) and spring(H = 0.856) wheats but differing among 28 groups of cultivars released in 22 countries. Each country or region was characterized by its own specific set of the most frequent Gli alleles, and the 28 cultivar groups formed five main relationship clusters if polymorphism at the six Gli loci was considered. However, different levels of similarity between groups of cultivars were found if polymorphism of the A, B, or D genomes of common wheat was tested separately. In general, the 20 th century germplasm of common wheat was differentiated and structured by country or region and cultivar type(spring or winter). Each elemental genome(in particular, A and D) contributed to the structure of the polymorphism studied. We propose that the structure of the wheat germplasm was a result of natural selection under the ecoclimatic conditions of cultivation specific to each country or region. As many as 27.4% of cultivars studied violated the requirement of the DUS rules for uniformity, being represented by mixtures of two or more closely related genotypes. However, the composition of a cultivar as a set of related but different genotypes may contribute to its adaptivity, and thereby to the known high plasticity of common wheat.

关键词： Gliadin alleles Genetic variation Gene geography Intra-varietal non-uniformity Allopolyploid triticum aestivum

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