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Toxoplasmic Chorioretinitis: About a Case in an Immunocompetent Adult at the Renaissance University Hospital Centre (UHC) in N’Djamena (Chad) and Review of the Literature

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2024年第1期14卷 1-5页

作者： Mahamat Ali Bolti M. Lobe Régis Oumaima Djarma Siddick Oumar Koyo Yusra Aboulbachar Alain Hernandez Department of Internal Medicine Renaissance University Hospital N’Djamena Chad Ophthalmology Department Renaissance University Hospital N’Djamena Chad Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Human Health Sciences in N’Djamena Farcha Provincial Hospital N’Djamena Chad Emergency Department N’Djamena Renaissance University Hospital N’Djamena Chad

Toxoplasmic chorioretinitis also known as ocular toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection caused by the obligately intracellular multiplying protozoan called Toxoplasma gondii. Active toxoplasmic chorioretinitis is a rare condition in immunocompetent people. We report a case of a 47-year-old patient who received reduced right visual acuity, left hemiparesis and eye pain. Examination of the right anterior segment of the eye is unremarkable. In the fundus of the right eye, there was a focus of active toxoplasmic chorioretinitis located in the macula at 1.5 mm papillary diameter next to old scar lesions. The ophthalmological examination of the left eye was unremarkable. The paraclinical assessment carried out on the patient shows a positive Remington test on two occasions three weeks apart. The clinical outcome after initiation of treatment was favorable with a healing of the active site within four weeks.

关键词： Chorioretinitis toxoplasmosis N’Djamena Chad

toxoplasmosis and anti-Toxoplasma effects of medicinal plant extracts-A mini-review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第8期9卷 709-713页

作者： Ibrahim Al Nasr Faiyaz Ahmed Fawaz Pullishery Saeed El-Ashram Vardharajula Venkata Ramaiah College of Science and Arts in Unaizah Qassim University College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass Qassim University Deaprtment of Public Health Dentistry Educare Institute of dental sciences State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology China Agricultural University Kafr El-Sheikh University

toxoplasmosis is a globally diwstributed parasitic protozoan disease,caused by Toxoplasma gondii.The infection can result in more severe symptoms with potentially life-threatening in case of immunocompromised individuals.Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine are the two drugs used as a part of standard therapy for toxoplasmosis.Researchers have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants for toxoplasmosis,which can be used as an alternative to standard drug therapy with reduced side effects.Traditional herbal plants are used by people to cure a large number of parasitic disorders.This review provides new insights into various medicinal plants that are used traditionally for the treatment of toxoplasmosis and other parasitic infections,which can be useful as an alternative treatment option for Toxoplasma gondii infections.

关键词： toxoplasmosis Drug discovery Medicinal plants

toxoplasmosis among pregnant women:High seroprevalence and risk factors in Kinshasa,Democratic Republic of Congo

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第1期4卷 69-74页

作者： Doudou Yobi Renaud Piarroux Coralie L'Ollivier Jacqueline Franck Hypolite Situakibanza Hypolite Muhindo Patrick Mitashi Raquel Andreia Inocencio da Luz Marc Van Sprundel Marleen Boelaert Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden Pascal Lutumba Kinshasa University Democratic Republic of Congo University Hospital of Timone University of Antwerp Institute of Tropical Medicine Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale KinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo

Objective:To determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women,as well as the proportion of acutely infected and risk factors in the Democratic Republic of Congo.Methods:Thirty maternities in Kinshasa were randomly selected and women attending antenatal consultation were invited to participate.They were interviewed with a structured questionnaire about known risk factors(age,meat consumption,contact with soil,and presence of cat)and a venous blood sample was taken.Sera were analysed for total immunoglobulins(Ig)by VIDAS Toxo Competition using Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay.IgM was determined by VIDIA Toxo IgM and IgG avidity by VIDAS Toxo IgG avidity.Results:A total of 781 women were included.Median age was 28 years old(IQR:8.S).And 627women(80.3%;95%CI:77.5-83.1)were found to be positive to total Ig and 17 out of 387(4.4%;95%CI:2.3-6.4)were positive to IgM.IgC avidity was low for 2(11.8%)women,intermediate for 2(11.8%)and high for 13 women(76.4%).There was no statistically significant association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and any risk factors assessed.Conclusion:In Kinshasa,toxoplasmosis endemicity is highly prevalent.One woman out of twenty five had a recent toxoplasmosis infection and 20%were not protected against primoinfection,indicating a need for measures to prevent and control toxoplasmosis during pregnancy.

关键词： Seroprevalence toxoplasmosis Pregnant women Kinshasa

Cytokine profile in murine toxoplasmosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第1期4卷 16-19页

作者： Funda Dogruman-Al Isil Fidan Bekir Celebi Emine Yesilyurt Berna Erdal Cahit Babur Semra Kustimur D1Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology06500BesevlerAnkaraTurkey Parasitology Laboratory of Communicable Diseases Research Department Refik Saydam National Hygiene Center 06100S_1hhiyeAnkaraTurkey

Objective:To investigate which cytokines are produced after acute infection of mice with Toxoplasma gondii(T.Gondii) RH strain.Methods:Mus domesticus domesticus mice in infected group were inoculated with with highly virulent T.Gondii RH strain by intraperitoneally.Serum samples were obtained from infected and non-infected mice for cytokine levels for ELISA assay.Results:The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α,interferon-γ,interleukin(IL)- 10 and IL-12 in the cardiac blood sample of the infected mice were significantly higher than those in uninfected controls(P0.05).Conclusions:According to our findings,immune response into T helper type 1 was predominant during acute T.gondii infection.Further characterization and purification of Toxoplasma molecule(s) implicated in the regulation of cytokines could lead to the development of new drug prospects to control Toxoplasma infection.

关键词： Murine toxoplasmosis Cytokine Pathogenesis

Tuberculosis/toxoplasmosis co-infection in Egyptian patients:A reciprocal impact

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第3期10卷 295-299页

作者： Mervat Mashaly Nairmen Nabih Iman M.Fawzy Abeer A.El Henawy Department of Clinical Pathology Microbiology UnitFaculty of MedicineMansoura University Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of MedicineMansoura University Department of Laboratory Medicine Mansoura Fever HospitalMinistry of Health 不详

Objective:To assess the concurrent toxoplasmosis infection in Egyptian TB patients and the impact of each infection on the other in terms of increased severity of TB or reactivation of latent Toxoplasma infection.Methods:Three hundred suspected pulmonary TB cases were initially screened for TB using direct Ziehl Neelsen staining and Lowenstein Jensen culture of their sputa.Rifampicin resistance was detected by Xpert MTB/RIF assay.Control group of 30 age and sex-matched healthy individuals negative for TB was included for comparison.All subjects were further assessed for serum levels of anti-Toxoplasma Ig G antibodies and malondialdehyde(MDA).Results:Forty three confirmed TB-infected patients including 10(23.3%)rifampicin-resistant patients were detected.Associated toxoplasmosis was found to be significantly higher among TB patients(OR=2.709;95%CI:1.034-7.099;Ptoxoplasmosis free-TB patients.Strong positive correlation was detected between serum levels of anti-Toxoplasma Ig G and MDA in TB patients(r=0.75,P=0.001).Conclusions:Among pulmonary TB Egyptian patients,there is a considerable prevalence of toxoplasmosis.Severity of pulmonary tuberculosis could be increased by Toxoplasma co-infection.

关键词： Co-infection MDA Oxidative stress toxoplasmosis Tuberculosis

Comparison of histopathology and PCR based assay for detection of experimentally induced toxoplasmosis in murine model

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第6期8卷 448-451页

作者： Vikrant Sudan A.K.Tewari R Singh Harkirat Singh Department of Parasitology College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal HusbandryU.P.Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishuavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan SansthanMathura- 281001India Department of Parasitology Indian Veterinary Research Institute CADRAD.Indian Veterinary Research Institute Department of Parasitology.GADVASU

Objective:To compare histopathology and PCR based detection in diagnosis of experimentally induced toxoplasmosis of RH human strain of the parasite in murine models.Methods:A comparison of histopathology and PCR based detection was done to diagnose experimentally induced toxoplasmosis in ten inbred swiss albino mice after intraperitoneal inoculation of 100 tachyzoites of laboratory mantained human RH strain of the parasite.Tissue samples from lung,liver,spleen,brain,heart and kidney were taken and processed for histopathological examination while all the samples also were subjected to PCR,using primers directed to the multicopy of SAG 3 gene,in dublicates.Results:Histopathology revealed presence of tachyzoites only in liver while along with lung,liver,spleen and brain tissue yielded desired positive PCR amplicons.Conclusions:The SAG 3 based PCR is able to diagnose toxoplasmosis in those tissues which are declared negative by histopathological assay.

关键词： Experimental infection Histopathology SAG 3 based PCR detection toxoplasmosis

Cerebral toxoplasmosis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation diagnosed by megagenomic analysis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第5期132卷 609-610页

作者： Kai Shen Ting Liu Jie Ji Department of Hematolgy and Hematological Research Laboratory West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China

To the Editor:A 19-year-old Chinese man, who received haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia 6 months ago,was evaluated for dysarthria, vomitin... 详细信息

关键词： Cerebral toxoplasmosis allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation megagenomic analysis

Congenital toxoplasmosis or the Tip of an Iceberg. Report of Two Cases

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 213-222页

作者： Kisito Nagalo Sonia Kaboret Laure Toguyéni Auguste Attoh Aïssatou Bélemviré Myriam Sanwidi Balkissa Konaté Carine Kyélem Diarra Yé Unité de néonatologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Among the many parasitic diseases observed in the tropics, toxoplasmosis is a fairly common occurrence. An infected pregnant woman can transmit it, transplacentally, to her foetus. Two cases of congenital toxoplasmosis are discussed in this study. One patient is at 7 days of life, while the other is at 9 days of life. The newborns displayed the typical symptoms of jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, chorioretinitis, and cranioencephalic abnormalities. However, the uniqueness of these observations is the presence of umbilical haemorrhage, a symptom not described in the literature researched. The evolution of this finding, during treatment is distinguished by the symptoms persisting until six months of age, in addition to growth retardation of saturation-weight, with no retardation of psychomotor development in one patient, and with hydrocephalus accompanied by psychomotor retardation in the other one. Hence, it is recommended that pregnant women are systematically screened for toxoplasmosis, and seronegative women are monitored;in fact, the early and suitable management of congenital toxoplasmosis will significantly control this parasitosis.

关键词： toxoplasmosis Congenital toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii Embryo-Fetopathy TORCH Infections

Great efficacy of sulfachloropyrazine-sodium against acute murine toxoplasmosis

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亚太热带生物医学杂志：英文版 2012年第1期2卷 70-75页

作者： Yan-Bo Zeng Shun-Hai Zhu Hui Dong Hong-Yu Han Lian-Lian Jiang Quan Wang Jun Cheng Qi-Ping Zhao Wei-Jiao Ma Bing Huang Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural ScienceKey Laboratory for Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture

Objective:To identify more effective and less toxic drugs to treat animal toxoplasmosis.Methods:Efficucy of seven kinds of sulfonamides against Toxoplasma gondii(T.gondii)in an acute murine model was evaluated.The mice used throughout the study were randomly assigned to many groups(10 mice each),which either remained uninfected or were infected intraperitoneally with lachyzoites of T.gondii(strains RH and CN).All groups were then treated with different sulfonamides and the optimal treatment protocol was determined candidates.Sulfadiazine-sodium(SD)was used for comparison.Results:The oplimal therapy involved gavaging mice twice per day with 250 mg/kg bw of sulfachloropyrazine-sodium(SPZ)for five days.Using this protocol,the average survival time and the time-point of 50%fatalities were prolonged significantly compared with SD treatment.Treatment with SFZ protected 40%of mice from death,and the heart and kidney tissue of these animals was parasite-free,as determined by nestedPCK.SPZ showed excellent therapeutic effects in the treatment of T.gondii in an acute murine model and is therefore a promising drug candidate for the treatment and prevention of T.gondii in animals.Conclusions:It can be concluded that the effective drug sulfachloropyrazine may be the new therapeutic options against animal toxoplasmosis.

关键词： toxoplasmosis Sulfonamides Sulfachloropyrazine-sodium Efficacy Therapy Toxoplasma gondii Murine Therapeutic effect