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toxic effects of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination on nifH gene in soil

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第7期19卷 864-873页

作者： SU Zhen-cheng ZHANG Hui-wen LI Xin-yu ZHANG Qin ZHANG Cheng-gang Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity （both in gene richness and diversity index values） and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor （50 mg/kg） recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos （150 mg/kg） caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos （250 mg/kg） produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes （bands） responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals： four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.

关键词： agrochemicals acetochlor methamidophos toxic effects nifH gene PCR-DGGE

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toxic effects of enrofloxacin on Scenedesmus obliquus

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第1期6卷 107-116页

作者： Hongwei QIN Liufang CHEN Nan LU Yahui ZHAO Xing YUAN School of Urban and Environmental Science Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

In this article, the toxic effects of Enrofloxacin （ENFX） on Scenedesmus obliquus were studied, through investigating the growth, photosynthetic pigments, and protein contents. The possible toxic mechanisms of ENFX were analyzed by determining the superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, malondialdehyde （MDA） content, proline content, and superoxide anion （O2） generation rate. Results showed that the growth of algae was inhibited by ENFX and the 50% effective concentration （EC50） values for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of ENFX were 88.39, 63.86, 45.10, and 59.16 mg .L^-1, respectively. After treated with ENFX for 96h, the contents of photosynthetic pigments decreased with the increase of ENFX concentration, the content of soluble protein and the activity of SOD increased and then decreased, and the generation rate of superoxide anion （O2^-） increased continually. The contents of MDA and proline changed little in lower ENFX concentration groups, but increased rapidly when treated with higher concentration groups. These results suggested that ENFX affected the growth ofS. obliquus, and the main toxicity mechanism was that algal cells generated the reactive oxygen species under ENFX stress, and then the reactive oxygen species （ROS） induced the oxidation damages of biologic macromolecules and changed the biomembrane permeability further.

关键词： enrofloxacin Scenedesmus obliquus toxic effects

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ZnO,TiO_2,SiO_2,and Al_2O_3 Nanoparticles-induced toxic effects on Human Fetal Lung Fibroblasts

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2011年第6期24卷 661-669页

作者： ZHANG Xiao Qiang YIN Li Hong TANG Meng PU Yue Pu School of Public Health Southeast University Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu China Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu China

Objective This study aims to investigate and compare the toxic effects of four types of metal oxide （ZnO, TiO2, SiO2, and Al2O3） nanoparticles with similar primary size （-20 nm） on human fetal lung fibroblasts （HFL1） in *** The HFL1 cells were exposed to the nanoparticles, and toxic effects were analyzed by using MTT assay, cellular morphology observation and Hoechst 33 258 *** The results show that the four types of metal oxide nanoparticles lead to cellular mitochondrial dysfunction, morphological modifications and apoptosis at the concentration range of 0.25-1.50 mg/mL and the toxic effects are obviously displayed in dose-dependent manner. ZnO is the most toxic nanomaterials followed by TiO2, SiO2, and Al2O3 nanoparticles in a descending *** The results highlight the differential cytotoxicity associated with exposure to ZnO, TiO2, SiO2, and Al2O3 nanoparticles, and suggest an extreme attention to safety utilization of these nanomaterials.

关键词： Metal oxide nanoparticles toxic effects Fibroblasts

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Global occurrence,bioaccumulation factors and toxic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls in tuna:A review

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 388-395页

作者： Jingqian Xie Zhihe Bian Tian Lin Ling Tao Qiang Wu Ming Chu College of Marine Ecology and Environment Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment and ResourcesGuangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510640China

Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)tend to accumulate in adipose tissue and induce toxicity due to their high lipophilicity and *** play an important role in the ocean food web and human *** can damage the growth of tuna directly and have some adverse effects on human *** review aims to provide geographic variations,bioaccumulation factors and the toxic effects of PCBs in *** levels found were varied significantly among the different regions and it showed a trend of offshore greater than pelagic,with the northern hemisphere higher than the southern *** highest PCB concentration of tuna was in FAO area *** all of the specimens presented similar domain configuration,while their concentrations varied *** congeners and concentrations in tuna were affected by a vast of factors,such as geographical distribution,tissue types,trophic level and growth stage,gender,tuna species and physical and chemical properties of *** can damage reproductive,neurologic and development *** review gives a systematic insight into PCBs in tuna and highlights the more attention should be paid to the long-term changes of PCBs in tuna and *** is also a need to strengthen the assessment of PCB impacts on tuna ecology.

关键词： Tuna Polychlorinated biphenyls Occurrence characteristics Influential factors toxic effects

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Microelement terbium amplifies the toxic effects of air pollutants on plant leaf cells

Microelement terbium amplifies the toxic effects of air poll...

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中国化学会第十四届全国生物无机化学学术会议

作者：杨清 Lihong Wang Mengzhu Cheng Xiang Wang Qing Zhou Binxin Xia Jingfang He Ao Xia Xiaohua Huang National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University

It was reported that air pollutants can be absorbed by plant leaves and enriched outside the plasma membrane of leaf ***[Tb(Ⅲ)]is a heavy metal that widely exists in air ***,we found that atmospheric concentration of Tb(Ⅲ) can initiate a new pathway of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in leaf cells via arabinogalactan proteins which are defensive proteins in living *** the endocytosis,the enriched pollutants can be indiscriminately wrapped in the endocytic ***(Ⅲ) consequently opens a door for pollutants swarming into leaf cells and then enriching in leaf ***,Tb(Ⅲ) aggravates the damage of leaf *** results demonstrate that microelement Tb(Ⅲ) amplifies the toxic effects of other air pollutants on plants,and answer why"no known air pollutant is of sufficient toxicity given the current levels of exposure to air pollutants to explain the observed magnitude of plant toxic effects".

关键词： Microelement terbium Amplifying toxic effects Air pollutants Plant leaf cells

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Fairy shrimp Branchinella kugenumaensis displays sensitivity to microplastic exposure

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第4期42卷 1186-1199页

作者： Yingying ZHANG Xinrui XU Wenbo SUN Yuting WANG Hui YANG College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

The increasing global concern regarding plastic pollution has prompted the research into the consequences of microplastics(MPs)on aquatic *** shrimp Branchinella kugenumaensis are freshwater planktonic organisms that have existed for 250 million *** study aimed to uncover the harmful effects of MPs,with a particular focus on their size variations(0.1,1,and 5μm),on the fairy *** focused on how MPs could significantly affect the survival and growth of fairy ***,larger MPs,especially those measuring 5μm,caused higher mortality rates and hindered the growth compared to smaller *** impact of MPs continued even subsequent to depuration in clean *** accumulation of MPs within the intestines of fairy shrimp resulted in intestinal blockages,disrupted excretory functions,and harmed intestinal epithelial *** at the histological,cellular,and molecular levels showed that exposure to MPs triggered necroptosis in intestinal cells,accompanied by alterations in pathways related to transcription,translation,digestion,energy metabolism,and neurological ***,the effects of MPs on gene expression and pathways varied based on particle size,with larger MPs having a more significant effect and causing a strong response in xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism *** suggest that the increasing severity of MPs pollution could pose a significant threat to the survival of fairy *** study provided vital insights into the complex relationship between microplastics and aquatic organisms,and highlighted the urgent need to address the potential devastating impact of plastic pollution on freshwater ***,due to their rapid growth,strong reproductive capacity,sensitivity,and ease of cultivation,fairy shrimp hold the potential candidate to serve as a model organism for studying the effects of MPs and other pollutants on freshwater ecosystems.

关键词： microplastic freshwater ecosystem toxic effects fairy shrimp model organism

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effects of typical microplastics on metabolites chemistry in dominant benthic animals

Effects of typical microplastics on metabolites chemistry in...

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中国第九届植物化感作用学术研讨会

作者： HONG Wenxiu ZUO Shengpeng WANG Hao QIN Xiaohui Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringAnhui Normal University

Microplastics(MPs) refer to plastic fragments or granules with a particle size of less than 5 *** a novel type of pollutants in the environment,microplastics has caused many attentions in eco-toxicology and *** this paper,three types of representative microplastics low-density polyethylene(LDPE),polycaprolactam(PA6),and polyvinyl chloride(PVC) were assessed for their toxicity on growth and metabolic chemistry of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Chironomid spp..In the exposure of 24 h,48 h and 28 d,PA6 displayer stronger toxic effects than LDPE and *** microplastic concentration showed a significant dose-and time-dependant relationship with the mortality,body length and biomass of the *** *** more sensitive to the microplastics compared with ***6 and PVC can induce the oxidative stress response and damage the antioxidant system of aquatic benthic organisms,and but it did not occur for ***,LDPE and PVC displayed significant effects on chemicals categories and contents in *** microplastics reduced the release of fatty acids in *** *** introduction of exterior pollutants will alter chemical interaction between organism in the aquatic *** it is so necessary and crucial to reasonably evaluate the eco-environment effects of these novel pollutants in our living circumstances.

关键词： Microplastics Chironomid spp. Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri toxic effects metabolites chemistry

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Bioaccumulation and toxicity of Neodymium in the Planarian Dugesia japonica

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2014年第8期15卷 1364-1367页

作者：邢军张秀珍王学山东药品食品职业学院山东淄博255011 山东理工大学生命科学学院山东淄博255049

In this study, the bioaccumulation and toxicity of neodymium （Nd） in pla-narian Dugesia japonica were investigated. The results showed that with the in-creasing dietary Nd supplementation, the concentration of Nd in the planarian showed a significant linear increase and the balance of mineral elements was bro-ken with the decrease of Ca, Fe and Mo, and the increase of K and Mg. The content of soluble proteins and the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT） decreased with the increase of Nd concentration, while the content of H2O2 rose gradual y. The mortality was directly proportional to the Nd concentra-tion. The results indicated that planarian is a very sensitive aquatic animal to Nd contamination and can be an indicator organism for Nd pol ution.

关键词： Nd Planarian Antioxidant enzymes toxic effects

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