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Extracellular vesicles:Emerging tools as therapeutic agent carriers

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第10期12卷 3822-3842页

作者： Shan Liu Xue Wu Sutapa Chandra Christopher Lyon Bo Ning Li jiang Jia Fan Tony Y.Hu Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study Department of Medical GeneticsDepartment of Laboratory MedicineSichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalChengdu 610072China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Center for Cellular and Molecular DiagnosisSchool of MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112USA The M.O.E.Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics the College of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are secreted by both eukaryotes and prokaryotes,and are present in all biological fluids of vertebrates,where they transfer DNA,RNA,proteins,lipids,and metabolites from donor to recipient cells in cell-to-cell *** EV components can also indicate the type and biological status of their parent cells and serve as diagnostic targets for liquid *** can also natively carry or be modified to contain therapeutic agents(e.g.,nucleic acids,proteins,polysaccharides,and small molecules)by physical,chemical,or bioengineering *** to their excellent biocompatibility and stability,EVs are ideal nanocarriers for bioactive ingredients to induce signal transduction,immunoregulation,or other therapeutic effects,which can be targeted to specific cell ***,we review EV classification,intercellular communication,isolation,and characterization strategies as they apply to EV *** review focuses on recent advances in EV applications as therapeutic carriers from in vitro research towards in vivo animal models and early clinical applications,using representative examples in the fields of cancer chemotherapeutic drug,cancer vaccine,infectious disease vaccines,regenerative medicine and gene ***,we discuss current challenges for EV therapeutics and their future development.

关键词： Extracellular vesicle therapeutic agent Delivery carrier Outer membrane vesicle Cancer therapy Infectious disease vaccine Regenerative medicine Gene therapy

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Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for therapeutic applications in cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2021年第2期18卷 319-335页

作者： Xubo Zhao Jie Bai Wenjing Yang Green Catalysis Center and College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

Cancer has become a very serious challenge with aging of the human *** in nanotechnology have provided new perspectives in the treatment of *** the combination of nanotechnology and therapeutics,nanomedicine has been successfully used to treat cancer in recent *** terms of nanomedicine,nanocarriers play a key role in delivering therapeutic agents,reducing severe side effects,simplifying the administration scheme,and improving therapeutic *** of the structure and function of nanocarriers for improved therapeutic efficacy in cancer have attracted increasing attention in recent ***-responsive nanocarriers penetrate deeply into tissues and respond to external or internal stimuli by releasing the therapeutic agent for cancer ***,stimuli-responsive nanocarriers reduce the severe side effects of therapeutic agents,when compared with systemic chemotherapy,and achieve controlled drug release at tumor ***,the development of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers plays a crucial role in drug delivery for cancer *** article focuses on the development of nanomaterials with stimuli-responsive properties for use as nanocarriers,in the last few *** nanocarriers are more effective at delivering the therapeutic agent under the control of external or internal ***,nanocarriers with theranostic features have been designed and fabricated to confirm their great potential in achieving effective treatment of cancer,which will provide us with better choices for cancer therapy.

关键词： Nanocarriers therapeutic agent nanomedicine stimuli-responsiveness cancer therapy

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Anti-Recombinant Gametocyte 56 Protein IgY Protected Chickens from Homologous Coccidian Infection

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第10期11卷 1721-1728页

作者： DING Jun LIU Qiao-rong HAN Jin-peng QIAN Wei-feng LIU Qun Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis Ministry of Agriculture/College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University

Coccidiosis is caused by intra-cellular infection of Eimeria spp., which goes through a complex life cycle in the intestinal mucosa of infected hosts. Specific immunoglobulins （IgY） could be produced in egg yolk by immunizing hens with specific antigens. In the present study, we cloned the E. maxima gain56 gene, expressed the GST-GAM56 fusion protein and raised IgY to GST-GAM56 in hens. The anti-GST-GAM56 IgY antibody was isolated and used to treat chickens infected with E. maxima oocysts. Intramuscular injection of the antibodies provided minimal protection against parasite infection. However, oral dosing of the IgY 3 or 5 d after oocyst inoculation significantly improved body weight gain, reduced oocyst output and intestinal lesion score were reduced at 3 or 5 d after oocyst challenging, compared to the untreated control group. Our findings suggest that the IgY to gam56 could be an effective prophylactic or therapeutic agent against E. maxima infection in chickens and should have a practical application value.

关键词： Eimeria maxima recombinant GST-GAM56 IgY therapeutic agent

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The human gut sterolbiome:bile acid-microbiome endocrine aspects and therapeutics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第2期5卷 99-105页

作者： Jason M.Ridlon Jasmohan S.Bajaj Department of Microbiology and Immunology Virginia Commonwealth University McGuire VA Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Virginia Commonwealth University

The human body is now viewed as a complex ecosystem that on a cellular and gene level is mainly prokaryotic. The mammalian liver synthesizes and secretes hydrophilic primary bile acids, some of which enter the colon during the enterohepatic circulation, and are converted into numerous hydrophobic metabolites which are capable of entering the portal circulation, returned to the liver, and in humans,accumulating in the biliary pool. Bile acids are hormones that regulate their own synthesis, transport, in addition to glucose and lipid homeostasis, and energy balance. The gut microbial community through their capacity to produce bile acid metabolites distinct from the liver can be thought of as an "endocrine organ"with potential to alter host physiology, perhaps to their own favor. We propose the term "sterolbiome" to describe the genetic potential of the gut microbiome to produce endocrine molecules from endogenous and exogenous steroids in the mammalian gut. The affinity of secondary bile acid metabolites to host nuclear receptors is described, the potential of secondary bile acids to promote tumors, and the potential of bile acids to serve as therapeutic agents are discussed.

关键词： Sterolbiome Gut microbiome Bile acids Metabolite therapeutic agent

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Cellular senescence is a promising target for chronic wounds:a comprehensive review

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Burns & Trauma 2020年第1期8卷 277-284页

作者： Ziwen Wang Chunmeng Shi Institute of Rocket Force Medicine State Key Laboratory of TraumaBurns and Combined InjuryThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)No.30 Gaotanyan StreetChongqing400038China

Chronic wounds include,but are not limited to,radiation ulcers,pressure ulcers,vascular ulcers and diabetic foot *** chronic wounds can persist for years without healing and severe ulcers may lead to ***,the underlying pathologies of refractory chronic wounds are not fully characterized,and new treatments are urgently ***,increasing evidence has indicated that cell senescence plays an important role in the development of chronic wounds,and preventing cell senescence or removing senescent cells holds promise as a new therapeutic *** this review,we aim to probe these latest findings to promote the understanding of cellular senescence in the pathological process and potential management of chronic wounds.

关键词： Chronic wounds Cell senescence therapeutic agent Skin Mucosa

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Antioxidants: Friend or foe?

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第12期10卷 1111-1116页

作者： R.Sarangarajan S.Meera R.Rukkumani P.Sankar G.Anuradha Department of Oral Pathology Madha Dental CollegeKundrathurChennaiIndia Private Dental Practitioner Sree Sai Dental CareChennaiIndia Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Life SciencesPondicherry UniversityPuducherryIndia Private Dental Practitioner Sai Raghav Dental ClinicChennaiIndia

Reactive oxygen species are the intermediates that are formed during the normal metabolic process which are effectively neutralized by the antioxidant system of the *** imbalance in this neutralization process causes oxidative stress which has been implicated as one of the cause in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disorders, cancer etc. Research has enabled the use of antioxidants as therapeutic agents in the treatment of various diseases. Literature also puts forth the negative effects of using antioxidants in the treatment of diseases. This review is a compilation of both the beneficial and detrimental effects of use of antioxidants in the treatment of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and oral diseases.

关键词： Antioxidants Oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species therapeutic agent

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Synergism of co-delivered nanosized antioxidants displayed enhanced anticancer efficacy in human colon cancer cell lines

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Bioactive Materials 2017年第2期2卷 82-95页

作者： Lipika Ray Manish Kumar Pal Ratan Singh Ray CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research P.O.Box No.80M.G.MargLucknowUP226001India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research New Delhi 110001India

Combination of chemopreventive and/or therapeutic agents is the imminent smart approach to cope upwith cancer because it may act on multiple targets through different pathways. In the present study, wehave synthesized multiple chemopreventive and/or therapeutic agents (Curcumin, Quercetin andAspirin) loaded nanoparticles by simple cation-anion interaction among the amine groups of chitosan(CS) and phosphate groups of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP). These nanosized bioactive materials(CS-SHMP-CQA-NPs) were well characterized and found most effective in colon cancer cell line (HCT-116)compared to other cancer cell lines. Triplex chemopreventive and/or therapeutic agents-loaded NPs weresynergistically inducing apoptosis in HCT-116 cells compared to two-chemopreventive agents-loadedNPs as evident by an increase in sub-G1 cells (percent), and chromatin condensation along with thedecrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Interestingly, ChoueTalalay analysis revealedthat CS-SHMP-CQA-NPs showed strong synergistic effect in its all doses. Thus, our study demonstratesthat nanoparticles based bioactive materials significantly inhibit the growth of HCT-116 cells and thuscould be a promising approach for colon cancer chemoprevention.

关键词： Chemoprevention therapeutic agent Colon cancer Synergistic effect Apoptosis

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Cyanine conjugates in cancer theranostics

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第3期6卷 794-809页

作者： Yang Li Yiming Zhou Xiuli Yue Zhifei Dai Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Cyanine is a meritorious fluorogenic core for the construction of fluorescent probes and its phototherapeutic potential has been enthusiastically explored as ***,the covalent conjugation of cyanine with other potent therapeutic agents not only boosts its therapeutic efficacy but also broadens its therapeutic ***,we summarize miscellaneous cyanine-therapeutic agent conjugates in cancer theranostics from literature published between 2014 and *** application scenarios of such theranostic cyanine conjugates covered common cancer therapeutic modalities,including chemotherapy,phototherapy and targeted ***,cyanine conjugates that serve as nanocarriers for drug delivery are introduced as *** an additional section,we analyze the potential of these conjugates for clinical ***,this review is aimed to stimulate research interest in exploring unattempted therapeutic agents and novel conjugation strategies and hopefully,accelerate clinical translation in this field.

关键词： Cyanine conjugate Cancer theranostics therapeutic agent Nanocarrier Clinical translation

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Clinical Complementary Medicine and Pharmacology 2024年第1期4卷 85-94页

作者： Iffat Ara Rita Turcio Tasmia Islam Md.Sabbir Hossain Md.Kamrul Hasan Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tejgaon CollegeNational UniversityGazipur-1700Bangladesh Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico IIvia Domenico Montesano49-80131 Napoli NAItaly Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Jashore University of Science and TechnologyJashore-7408Bangladesh Department of Public Health North South UniversityDhaka-1229Bangladesh

Background:Licochalcone A(LCA)is a flavonoid derived from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis *** DC and other related *** natural source has been extensively used in complementary medicine,especially traditional Chinese medicine,to treat various *** as a phenolic chalcone compound,LCA has gained significant attention in recent years due to its various pharmacological ***:The objective of this review article is to assess the anti-aging ralated pharmacological properties of ***:An exhaustive search of several scientific databases was conducted using various relevant keywords to write this review article on LCA,focusing on its therapeutic applications and anti-aging-related pharmacological *** inclusion and exclusion criteria were strictly followed to retrieve updated relevant ***:A collection of 292 papers were screened,and 131 were included in this review for an in-depth analysis of Licochalcone A,focusing on its anti-aging-related pharmacological activities and relevant mechanisms,and its toxicity and side ***,the potential of LCA as a pharmacological product is discussed,emphasizing its health benefits and potential as a pharmaceutical ***:These findings indicate that Licochalcone A is a promising natural therapeutic agent for anti-aging therapy and other ailments.

关键词： Licochalcone A Glycyrrhiza uralensis Chalcone Anti-aging Neuroprotective Antioxidant Skin protection therapeutic agent

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Screening of phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of Caulerpa scalpelliformis collected from Manapad Coast,Tuticorin District,Tamilnadu,South India

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第2期 107-111页

作者： N Karthick M Anees Fathimal K Ramesh H Sridhar M Natrajan VV Divya M Umavanitha S Umamaheswari Department of Biotechnology Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveli-627012TamilnaduIndia

Objective:To analyse the phytochemicals,elements and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Caulerpa scalpelliformis(***)against different bacterial and fungal ***:For the elemental analysis and the screening of phytochemicals,some common and available standard tests were *** antimicrobial activity was done through the agar well diffusion ***:In the qualitative phytochemical screening,among the five different solvent extracts of ***,the benzene extract showed a maximum number of compounds such as tannins,flavanoids,glycosides,phenols,saponins,terpenoids,*** quantitative analysis showed the total protein,total carbohydrate and total lipid content to be(15.86±1.13)%w/w,(10.32±0.94)%w/w,and(1.05±0.08)%w/w *** antibacterial activity showed a maximum zone of inhibition(15±0.18)mm and a minimum zone of inhibition(6±0.05)mm in the benzene extract of *** exhibited against Serratia marcescens and Bacillus *** antifungal assay of *** showed the benzene extract rendered a maximum activity(20±0.25)mm against Aspergillus terreus whereas a minimum activity(12±0.14)mm obtained in the chloroform extract against Aspergillus ***:Our findings provide the evidence that the benzene extract of *** possesses the good antimicrobial activity and hence the algae proves to be an effective therapeutic agent.

关键词： Phytochemical Caulerpa scalpelliformis Antibacterial activity Antifungal activity Protein Carbohydrate Lipid therapeutic agent

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