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Evaluation of Chemically Coagulated swine Manure Solids as Value-Added Products

Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2015年第4期5卷 136-150页

作者： Sammy Sadaka Karl Van Devender Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Little Rock AR USA

The objective of this research was to evaluate the chemically coagulated swine manure solids as biofuel and/or compost feedstock. Three coagulants, namely agricultural lime [CaCO3], hydrated lime [Ca(OH)2], and lime slurry [Ca(OH)2], were added to fresh swine manure to coagulate manure solids. Four levels, i.e., 0.00 (0.0X), 4.89 (0.5X), 9.77 (1.0X), and 19.77 (2.0X) gm Ca⋅liter-1, were tested, in triplicates. Increasing the coagulant concentration increased the total solids, ash content, and pH of solid manure samples, whereas it decreased their volatile solids, chemical oxygen demand, and heating value. At the coagulant level of 2.0X rate, heating values of samples coagulated by agricultural lime, hydrated lime, and lime slurry were 2.64, 4.48, and 4.54 MJ⋅kg-1, respectively. The heating value of raw manure solids was as high as 13.49 MJ⋅kg-1. Increasing the coagulant concentration increased the O/C atomic ratio for all the studied coagulants. Accordingly, the high coagulant concentrations might reduce the acceptability of the feedstock as a biofuel that can be co-combusted with other feed stocks. The C/N ratio and the pH values of the solid separated swine manure increased by increasing agricultural lime and hydrated lime concentrations. The former might increase satisfactoriness for composting these solids, whereas the latter might hinder their use in the composting process. The maximum coagulant concentrations that allowed pyrolyzing the final product, based on the net energy values, were 48.80 (2.0X), 18.06 (1.0X), and 18.06 (1.0X) gm⋅liter-1 for agricultural lime, hydrated lime, and lime slurry, respectively. The maximum acceptable coagulant concentrations that allowed composting the final product, based on the pH values, were 48.80 (2.0X), 0.00 (0.0X), and 9.03 (0.5X) gm⋅liter-1 for the same three coagulants.

关键词： swine Manure Solid Separation Coagulation Biofuel Soil Amendment

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Meat quality in “in door” and “out door” production systems of poultry and swine

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2011年第3期1卷 75-88页

作者： Wagner A. G. Araújo Luiz F. T. Albino Nilva K. Sakomura Pedro V. R. Paulino Anastacia M. Campos 不详

The meat quality can be influenced by many interacting factors before and after the slaughter. Currently more sustainable production systems are targeted in general, whether or not they have any effect on meat quality. The sustainability is a condition of agroecology and necessarily im- plies on the animal and plant association and succession. A condition for sustainability is to minimize or even eliminate the use of inputs from processes of chemical synthesis. In the case of pigs and poultry, this is feasible by adopting production systems that allows nutria- ents recycle directly on the soil at levels that do not involve pollution. Although we have the understanding that the general principles of sustainability to be observed are universal, the solution is not simple. For each situation a vi- able alternative must be sought, depending on the social, economic, ecological and cultural realities. In tropical and subtropical climates the production of pigs and poultry outdoors can be an appropriate option. This also leads to nutria- ents recycle and promotes a better energy bal- ance of the system. Among the alternatives that can be taken to introduce differentiating factors in meat production as food is the type of pro- duction system, due to its direct impact on the meat quality. These systems have a direct in- fluence through the consumed food, by the conditions of animal wellbeing, physical activity and the environment provided. The performance and meat quality depend on the interaction of genotypes, rearing conditions, pre-slaughter handling and processing of the meat and the carcass. The influence of the rearing system on the animal performance, on the carcass and finally on the meat is the result of the interactive effects among facilities, feeding level and ge-notype used in the production systems. The production of poultry and pigs more extensively tend to get a final product with its own or- ga-noleptic characteristics, changing the meat de-fault color and content, place of fat deposi- tion and the fatty

关键词： Alternative Systems Meat Quality Poultry swine

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Identification and Treatment of swine Influenza and Common Cold in Veterinary Clinic

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2018年第5期10卷 297-299页

作者： Yi Pingchang Li Lili Li Guoping Datong Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station Xining

[Objective] The paper was to investigate the differentiation and treatment of swine influenza and common cold in veterinary clinic.[Method] The clinical data of diseased pigs from May 2017 to May 2018 were analyzed retrospectively to explore the clinical treatment methods for swine influenza and common cold, and the effectiveness and accuracy of clinical diagnosis was further improved. [Result] Through in-depth analysis of test results, we obtained a comprehensive understanding of the main causes of swine influenza and common cold, and found that the causes in-cluded improper breeding management of pigs, nutrition of pigs and lack of immunity of newborn pigs. [Conclusion] Analysis of the causes of swine influenza and common cold and suggestion of targeted clinical treatment measures will reduce the incidence of swine disease, and promote the vet-erinary clinical treatment effect of swine influenza and common cold.

关键词： Identification Treatment Veterinarian swine influenza Common cold

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Formulation of Classical swine Fever Immunization Procedures in Large scale Pig Farms

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2017年第5期9卷 306-307,319页

作者： He Junchang Zhang Jianyuan Xie Youfu Fan Lizhe Gao Shihua Henan Xinda Husbandry Co. Ltd. Zhengzhou 450000 China Henan swine Breeding Center Zhengzhou 450000 China Zhengyang Huada Breeding Co. Ltd. Zhumadian 463000 China

[Objective] The paper was to formulate classical swine fever( CSF) immunization procedures in large-scale pig farms. [Method] Antibody maintenance time and dynamics of material antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA),and scientific primary immunization time of piglets was explored. [Result] The positive rate of sows reached the highest level of 93% at 4 weeks post immunization. Piglets were immunized at 9 weeks of age,the antibody level did not increase at 3 weeks post immunization,but increased rapidly after secondary immunization; the antibody level in late fattening period was high,and pigs could be protected completely. [Conclusion]General prevention of CSF is suitable for scale farming. It takes about 4 weeks to produce CSF antibody. Therefore,pig farms should conduct immunization timely at one month prior to susceptible stage according to their infection pressure.

关键词： Classical swine fever Immunization ELISA

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Evaluation of the Biotechnological Potential of Isolated Bacteria of the Soil in the Degradation of Residues of Skin swine

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第9期4卷 493-497页

作者： Andréia Dalla Rosa Nelson G. Golynski Mário L. Teixeira Curso de Medicina Veterinaria Instituto Federal Catarinense—Campus Concordia Concordia Brazil

The degradation of industrial residues is of great importance for the maintenance of the environment. Therefore, the objective of this study is to verify the proteases production for bacteria of the gender isolated Bacillus of soil. The samples of skin residue were collected in industries of the area west of Santa Catarina, using residue of skin rude swine and residue of skin processed swine. The verification of the biotechnological potential consisted of the use of these residues in middle of culture and inoculation of the respective species of bacteria. The results were more expressive in the samples of skin processed swine, where it showed a degradation average around 43.55% (p/p). While, in the samples of residue of skin rude swine, an average of degradation of 20.60% (p/p) happened. In this way, the residue of skin processed swine is more sensitive than the catalytic activity of the bacterial enzymes.

关键词： Bacteria Bacillus Skin swine Degradation Bioremediation

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Case Study:Productive Performance and Prediction of Operating Income of Small-Scale Contract Farming of swine in Lampang,Thailand

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2019年第3期9卷 177-181页

作者： Suntorn Wittayakun Worawut Chainetr Nirundorn Kongngoen Weera Innaree Piyamas Tancharoenrat Ir.Marjuki Faculty of Science and Agricultural Technology Rajamangala University of Technology LannaLampang Campus200 Mu 17 Pichai DistrictMuangLampang 52000Thailand Faculty of Animal Science Brawijaya UniversityJl.Veteran MalangKetawanggedeKec.LowokwaruKota MalangJawa Timur 65145Indonesia

The objective of this study was to examine productive performance and predict factors affecting operating income of small-scale contract farming of swine(SCFS)in Lampang,Thailand.Ten SCFSs were selected by purposive sampling as primary data sources for two consecutive fattening cycles during the year 2015-2017.Data indicated that the SCFS was feeder pig finishing system which herd size(HS)averaged 502 head/farm.The animals consumed approximate 1.59 kg of feed/head/d.The average daily gain(ADG)was 675.22 g/d and feed conversion ratio(FCR)was 2.42.The mean of fattening time(FT)averaged 158 d/cycle.The culling rate(CR)and mortality rate(MR)were 0.17%and 2.50%,respectively.The predicted operating income(POI)was estimated by multiple linear regressions.The equation was:POI=2,700.912+0.027HS–7.119CR–18.225MR+16.885ABW+806.466FI–4.142ADG–420.281FCR–9.719FT(ABW=average body weight;FI=feed intake)with r=0.899,r2=0.808,p-value=0.009.According to stepwise procedure,the potential equation was:POI=323.664FI–9.769MR–22.635 with r=0.837,r2=0.701,p-value=0.000.This predicted equation would benefit as a monitoring index for SCFS to manage their expected operating income and proper farm management to be further profitable and sustainable.

关键词： Contract farming swine operating income

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Music Effects on swine Welfare:a Sumarry

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2018年第1期7卷 79-81页

作者： Zhenling ZHANG Shanfang ZHANG Haitao ZHANG Yunlong LI Kailang GU Zhong XUE Department of Animal Engineering Xuzhou Vocational College of Bioengineering

Music is a form of art that people use to relax, entertain, or express their inner feelings as they act on his particular occasion. Modern scientific research shows that animals, like humans, have complex nervous systems and have certain perception of music. Music can affect animal emotions, affect animal immune function and so on. As people pay more attention to farm animal welfare, more and more researches regard music as a means to improve animal welfare. In this context, the research on the impact of music on the welfare of swine has also begun to attract attention in recent years. This paper briefly reviews the related concepts of animal welfare, its relationship with humans, the mechanism of music and its research on the impact on swine in order to attract more professionals and researchers in animal welfare, music and pig farming.

关键词： Music swine Animal Welfare

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The comparison of the efficacy of swine FMD vaccine emulsified with oil adjuvant of ISA 201 VG or ISA 206 VG

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2013年第3期1卷 22-25页

作者： Dong Li Chunxue Zhou Daliang She Pinghua Li Pu Sun Xingwen Bai Yingli Chen Baoxia Xie Zaixin Liu State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease reference laboratory of China Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou China

The Seppic Company developed a new adjuvant Montanide ISA 201 VG, the upgraded version of Montanide ISA 206 VG, which keep the advantage and added some chemical components on the basis of ISA 206 to improve the cellular responses. The aim of the study is to compare the efficacy of swine FMD (foot-and-mouth) vaccine emulsified with oil adjuvant of ISA 201 or ISA 206 respectively. The pigs were vaccinated with FMD vaccine emulsified with inactive FMD type O antigen and adjuvant ISA 201 or ISA 206 respectively, according to 2.0 ml (1/1 dose), 0.67 ml (1/3 dose), 0.22 ml (1/9 dose) to calculate their PD50. The sera were collected from the vaccination of the day 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and the ELISA FMD type O antibody were detected. Furthermore, the PD50 were calculated after the pigs were challenged with virulent FMDV type O on 28 days post vaccination. The ELISA antibody titers of 201vaccine were significantly higher than that of 206 (except the third time). The fifty percent of protection dose (PD50) of 201 vaccine (PD50 = 15.59) was higher than that of 206 vaccine (PD50 = 10.05). The above data showed that the efficacy of the FMD vaccine emulsified with ISA 201 was better than which with ISA 206.

关键词： swine FMD Vaccine Adjuvant ISA 201 ISA 206 Immune Efficacy

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Analysis of Expressed Sequence Tags from Liver Tissue in swine

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第9期1卷 1050-1053页

作者： LI Ning, ZHAO Zhi-hui, LIU Zhao-Hang, ZHAO Xing-bo, LIAN Zhen-xing and WU Chang-xin(National Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094 , P.R.China College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094 , P. R . China ) National Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 P. R. China College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 P. R . China

In order to study the expression of function gene and its effect on metabolic control and other physiological function in liver, 438 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were determined, which were from a cD-NA library of porcine liver tissue. The results showed that the nucleotide sequences of 186 ESTs have already presented in GenBank database, and 37 ESTs could be found the homology with human and other species, while the others were not identified. 45 full length insertion of the clones randomly isolated from cDNA library were also completely sequenced with different size, and the results showed that 19 of them were function-known genes, 11 had no open reading frame ( ORF )at all and 15 had ORF but the function were not elucidated yet.

关键词： swine Liver cDNA library Expressed sequence tags(ESTs)

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A BIOECONOMIC MODEL BY QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY TO ESTIMATE swine PRODUCTION

A BIOECONOMIC MODEL BY QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY TO ESTIMATE SWIN...

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Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture——First IFIP TC 12 International Conference(CCTA2007) Volume I

作者： Hui Yuan Surong Xiao Qiujuan Wang Keliang Wu College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Shanghai Xiangxin Livestock Ltd.

A bioeconomic computer model was constructed to simulate biological and economic inputs and outputs for life cycle swine production.Parameters and relationships used in model were developed and verified by comparison with experimental results in the literature.The bioeconomic model was constructed by several modules such as growth and development,pregnancy,lactation,and replacement gilt etc.The result is:（1） the bioeconomic computer model was efficient way to describe pig production system and research factors’ effect and their interactions.（2） Traits in the model were:oestrus traits;mature weight and feed requirements of sows;longevity of sows;litter size;growth rate and daily feed intake of young pigs and fatteners;mortality rate of pigs.（3） Sow longevity is 2.12 years and yearly culling rate is 47.20%.Yearly farrowing sow is 2.08 and total numbers of farrowings per gilt is 4.62.（4） Average litter size total born is 11.23,litter size born alive is 10.40,litter size weaned is 8.80.

关键词： Quantitative Genetics Economics Computer Simulation swine System Analysis

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