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Rice science 2019年第2期26卷 109-117,I0016,I0017页

作者： HE Yubing ZHU Min WANG Lihao WU Junhua WANG Qiaoyan WANG Rongchen ZHAO Yunde National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University College of Plant Science & Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San Diego

Elimination of the CRISPR/Cas9 constructs in edited plants is a prerequisite for assessing genetic stability, conducting phenotypic characterization, and applying for commercialization of the plants. However, removal of the CRISPR/Cas9 transgenes by genetic segregation and by backcross is laborious and time consuming. We previously reported the development of the transgene killer CRISPR(TKC) technology that uses a pair of suicide genes to trigger self-elimination of the transgenes without compromising gene editing efficiency. The TKC technology enables isolation of transgene-free CRISPR-edited plants within a single generation, greatly accelerating crop improvements. Here, we presented two new TKC vectors that show great efficiency in both editing the target gene and in undergoing self-elimination of the transgenes. The new vectors replaced the CaMV35 S promoter used in our previous TKC vector with two rice promoters to drive one of the suicide genes, providing advantages over our previous TKC vector under certain conditions. The vectors reported here offered more options and flexibility to conduct gene editing experiments in rice.

关键词： genome editing suicide gene transgene killer CRISPR Cas9 transgene-free

Gene therapy in pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第37期20卷 13343-13368页

作者： Si-Xue Liu Zhong-Sheng Xia Ying-Qiang Zhong Department of Gastroenterology Sun Yat-sen Me-morial HospitalSun Yat-sen University Department of Gastro-enterology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen Univer-sity

Pancreatic cancer(PC) is a highly lethal disease and notoriously difficult to treat. Only a small proportion of PC patients are eligible for surgical resection, whilst conventional chemoradiotherapy only has a modest effect with substantial toxicity. Gene therapy has become a new widely investigated therapeutic approach for *** article reviews the basic rationale, gene delivery methods, therapeutic targets and developments of laboratory research and clinical trials in gene therapy of PC by searching the literature published in English using the PubMed database and analyzing clinical trials registered on the Gene Therapy Clinical Trials Worldwide website(http://www. ***/genmed/ clinical). Viral vectors are main gene delivery tools in gene therapy of cancer, and especially, oncolytic virus shows brighter prospect due to its tumor-targeting *** therapeutic targets for gene therapy include tumor suppressor gene p53, mutant oncogene K-ras,anti-angiogenesis gene VEGFR, suicide gene HSK-TK,cytosine deaminase and cytochrome p450, multiple cytokine genes and so on. Combining different targets or combination strategies with traditional chemoradiother-apy may be a more effective approach to improve the efficacy of cancer gene therapy. Cancer gene therapy is not yet applied in clinical practice, but basic and clinical studies have demonstrated its safety and clinical benefits. Gene therapy will be a new and promising field for the treatment of PC.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Gene therapy Tumor suppressor suicide Anti-angiogenesis Immunotherapy Oncogene Multidrug resistance Clinical trial

Survival after pentobarbitone overdose confirmed through Prescription,Recreational and Illicit Substance Evaluation(PRISE)programme in Australia

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第4期6卷 231-236页

作者： Thanjira Jiranantakan Sarah Ritchie Cristy Rowe Jason Tran Catherine McDonald Santiago Vazquez Robin Auld Jared Brown centre for alcohol and other Drugs NSW Ministry of healthst Leonardsaustralia NSW Poisons information centre The sydney children’s hospitals networkWestmeadaustralia edith collins centre central clinical schoolFaculty of Medicine and healthThe University of sydneysydneyaustralia Drug health services royal Prince alfred hospitalcamperdownaustralia Wagga Wagga Base hospital Wagga Waggaaustralia Forensic Toxicology NSW health PathologyForensic&analytical science serviceLidcombeaustralia

Deaths caused by barbiturate overdoses have increased in the past decade,especially as a result of suicide *** is a central nervous system depressant used for sedation and euthanasia in veterinary ***,pentobarbitone analysis is not commonly available in the hospital setting;hence,its occurrence in overdoses is *** we describe a patient who ingested pentobarbitone obtained from the Internet with the purpose of ending his *** became comatose and required ventilation for 6 *** critically ill,the drug and a barbiturate test kit were found in his room at his *** analysis of the patient’s blood determined the presence of pentobarbitone at levels of 91,56,and 19 mg/L at 11,59,and 107 h after ingestion,*** supportive care,the patient made a full *** stated that he believed the liquid was to be pentobarbitone,and that he had received advice on its use from an online forum that he had found on a dark web *** this report,we highlight the process by which we facilitated pentobarbitone analysis with a rapid turnaround time,which helped to inform clinical management and raise awareness among *** access was made through the Prescription,Recreational and Illicit Substance Evaluation(PRISE)programme,which is a collaborative network among the New South Wales(NSW)Ministry of Health,NSW Poisons Information Centre(PIC),and NSW Health Pathology Forensic&Analytical Science Service(FASS).

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic toxicology pentobarbitone barbiturate suicide dark web toxicology testing

‘Omics’of suicidal behaviour:A path to personalised psychiatry

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第10期11卷 774-790页

作者： Katarina Kouter Alja Videtic Paska Faculty of Medicine Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana SI-1000Slovenia

Psychiatric disorders,including suicide,are complex disorders that are affected by many different risk *** has been estimated that genetic factors contribute up to 50%to suicide *** the candidate gene approach has not identified a gene or set of genes that can be defined as biomarkers for suicidal behaviour,much is expected from cutting edge technological approaches that can interrogate several hundred,or even millions,of biomarkers at a *** include the‘-omic’approaches,such as genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,proteomics and ***,these have revealed new candidate biomarkers associated with suicidal *** most interesting of these have been implicated in inflammation and immune responses,which have been revealed through different study approaches,from genome-wide single nucleotide studies and the micro-RNA transcriptome,to the proteome and ***,the massive amounts of data that are generated by the‘-omic’technologies demand the use of powerful computational analysis,and also specifically trained *** this regard,machine learning approaches are beginning to pave the way towards personalized psychiatry.

关键词： Epigenomics DNA methylation Micro-RNA Genome Metabolome suicide

Terrorist attacks:cutaneous patterns of gunshot and secondary blast injuries

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Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第3期5卷 208-213页

作者： Yann Delannoy Isabelle Plu Isabelle Sec Tania Delabarde Marc Taccoen Antoine Tracqui Bertrand Ludes Institut Medico-Legal de Paris ParisFrance CHU de LILLE LilleFrance Sorbonne Universite ParisFrance Unite Medico Judiciaire Hotel DieuAPHPParisFrance Service de medecine legale CHRU Besanc¸on—Hopital Saint-JacquesBesanconFrance Paris University CNRS FRE 2029ParisFrance

Terrorist attacks have been on the *** the recent terrorist attacks in France,terrorists perpetrated their acts using weapons of war,as well as explosive *** two modes of action,when combined,can create skin lesions with similar macroscopic appearances,which can sometimes go unnoticed because of body fragmentation.A total of 68 autopsies,83 external examinations,140 standard radiographic examinations,and 49 computed tomography(CT)scans were performed over 7 days during the 2015 terrorist attacks in *** were injured by firearms and shrapnel-like *** analysed the clinical findings for the secondary blast cutaneous lesions from the explosive devices and compared these lesions with ballistic-related lesions to highlight that patterns can be macroscopically similar on external *** blast injuries are characterised by penetrating trauma associated with materials added to explosive systems that are propelled by explosive air *** injuries are caused most often by small,shrapnel-like metallic objects,such as nails and *** causes ballistic-type injuries that must be recognised and distinguished from those caused by firearm *** between these lesions is very difficult when using conventional criteria(size,shape,number and distribution on the body)with only external examination of *** is why the particularities of these lesions must be further illustrated and then confirmed by complete autopsies and radiological and anatomopathological examinations.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic medicine blast injuries explosive agents suicide gunshot wounds

Epigenetics in psychiatry:Beyond DNA methylation

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第6期13卷 319-330页

作者： Katarina Kouter IrisŠalamon Arčan Alja VidetičPaska Faculty of Medicine Institute of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Faculty of Medicine Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

The global burden of psychopathologies appears to be underestimated,since the global psychiatric disorder burden is exceeding other medical *** be able to address this problem more effectively,we need to better understand the etiology of psychiatric *** of the hallmarks of psychiatric disorders appears to be epigenetic *** some epigenetic modifications(such as DNA methylation)are well known and studied,the roles of others have been investigated much *** hydroxymethylation is a rarely studied epigenetic modification,which as well as being an intermediate stage in the DNA demethylation cycle is also an independent steady cell state involved in neurodevelopment and *** contrast to DNA methylation,DNA hydroxymethylation appears to be related to an increase in gene expression and subsequent protein *** no particular gene or genetic locus can be at this point linked to changes in DNA hydroxymethylation in psychiatric disorders,the epigenetic marks present good potential for biomarker identification because the epigenetic landscape is a result of the interplay between genes and environment,which both influence the development of psychiatric disorders,and because hydoxymethylation changes are particularly enriched in the brain and in synapse-related genes.

关键词： Mood disorders suicide Schizophrenia Bipolar disorder Hydroxymethylation 5-hydroxymethycytosine Gene expression

Taking care of suicidal patients with new technologies and reaching-out means in the post-discharge period

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第3期7卷 163-176页

作者： Giulia Falcone Adele Nardella Dorian A Lamis Denise Erbuto Paolo Girardi Maurizio Pompili Psychiatry Residency Training Program Faculty of Medicine and PsychologySapienza University of Rome Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University School of Medicine Department of Neurosciences Mental Health and Sensory OrgansSuicide Prevention CenterSant’Andrea HospitalSapienza University of Rome

suicide is a global public health problem with over one million people dying by suicide each year *** efforts have focused on developing and testing novel suicide prevention strategies employing recent technological *** order to provide a review regarding the role of new technologies(e.g.,postcards/letters,text messages,crisis cards,telephone contacts,online interventions) in suicide prevention,we searched Pub Med,Science Direct,Research Gate,and Crisis to identify all papers in English from 1977 to *** results indicated that brief contact interventions show promise in reducing the number of episodes of repeated self-harm and/or suicide attempts following discharge from the Emergency Department or psychiatric *** methods of contact(e.g.,text messages) are easily implemented by clinicians and received by patients in the period of post discharge and have been shown to be ***,more research employing randomized clinical trials investigating the potential benefits of these novel suicide prevention methods is *** researchers should continue improving and testing new technologies in the prevention of suicide.

关键词： suicide Letters Postcards Emails Sms Telephone

Ultra-brief crisis interpersonal psychotherapy based intervention for suicidal children and adolescents

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第8期11卷 403-411页

作者： Anat Brunstein Klomek Liat Haruvi Catalan Alan Apter Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology Interdisciplinary CenterHerzliya 4610101Israel Depression and suicide Clinic Schneider Children’s Medical CenterPetach Tikva 49202Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel

Suicidal behaviors in adolescence are a major public health *** dramatic rise in self-injurious behaviors among adolescents has led to an overwhelming increase in the number of those presenting to the emergency *** intervention described below was constructed on the basis of brief and focused interventions that were found to be effective among suicidal adults using an adaptation of interpersonal psychotherapy for *** intervention has four main objectives:first,a focused treatment for reducing suicide risk;second,a short and immediate response;third,building a treatment plan based on understanding the emotional distress and interpersonal aspects underlying suicidal behavior;and lastly,to generate hope among adolescents and their *** intervention includes intensive five weekly sessions,followed by 3 mo of email follow-up.

关键词： suicide Depression Adolescents Crisis intervention Interpersonal psychotherapy

Suicidal behavior-advances in clinical and neurobiological research and improvement of prevention strategies

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第9期12卷 1115-1126页

作者： Thomas Sobanski Gregor Peikert Ulrich W Kastner Gerd Wagner Department of Psychiatry Psychotherapyand Psychosomatic MedicineTHUERINGEN-Kliniken GmbHSaalfeld 07318Germany Network for suicide Prevention in Thuringia(NeST) Jena 07743Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital JenaJena 07743Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Helios Fachkliniken HildburghausenHildburghausen 98646Germany

suicide is the 14^(th)leading cause of death *** is responsible for 1%-5%of all *** article highlights the latest developments in universal,selective,and indicated prevention *** universal suicide prevention,current research has shown that strategies such as restricting access to lethal means(e.g.,control of analgesics and hot-spots for suicide by jumping)and school-based awareness programs are most *** selective prevention,substantial progress can be expected in psychological screening methods for suicidal *** measurement of implicit cognition proved to be more valid in predicting future suicide attempts than classic clinical *** developments are smartphone-based interventions and realtime monitoring of suicidal *** effort has been made to establish valid neurobiological screening methods(e.g.,genetic and epigenetic risk factors for suicide,hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis)without yielding a major ***,multiple biomarkers rather than a single one are necessary to identify individuals at *** regard to indicated prevention in form of psychopharmacological treatment,recent pharmacoepidemiological studies and meta-analyses have supported a protective role of antidepressants,lithium,and ***,the data concerning a specific anti-suicidal effect of these drugs are currently not *** results exist for ketamine in reducing suicidal ideation,independently of its antidepressant *** psychotherapy,recent findings suggest that psychotherapeutic interventions specifically designed to prevent suicide re-attempts are most ***,cognitive behavioral therapy and psychodynamic therapy approaches proved to decrease the number of suicide re-attempts significantly.

关键词： Antidepressants Biomarkers Cognitive behavioral therapy Ketamine Prevention suicide