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Both small and large plants are likely to produce staminate(male)flowers in a hermaphrodite lily

Plant Diversity 2020年第3期42卷 142-147页

作者： EiEi Shwe Bo Wu Shuang-Quan Huang Institute of Evolution and Ecology School of Life SciencesCentral China Normal University152 Luoyu AvenueHongshan DistrictWuhan430079China

Resource allocation to female and male function may vary among individual plants in species with variable sex ***-dependent sex allocation has been proposed in hermaphrodites,in which female-biased allocation may increase with plant *** many hermaphrodites with large floral displays,however,later-produced flowers tend to be functionally *** paradoxical relationship between female and male function and plant size remains poorly *** subalpine lily Lilium lankongense has individuals of three sexual types:males with only staminate flowers,hermaphrodites with only perfect flowers,and andromonoecious plants with both perfect and staminate *** we tested theoretical predictions of size-dependent sex allocation in *** by measuring plant height and flower number of individuals of each sex at five field sites in the mountainous region of Shangri-La,southwestern *** investigate variation in phenotypic gender,we identified sex expression of 457 individuals one year *** investigation showed that male plants,which usually produced one flower,were significantly smaller than and ro monoecious and hermaphrodite *** addition,the total flower numbers of andromonoecious and hermaphrodite plants increased significantly with plant *** individuals were more likely to produce terminal staminate flowers,as there were more flowers in andromonoecious than in hermaphrodite ***-flowered plants were significantly smaller than flowering *** flowers had significantly larger petals and pistils than staminate flowers,but they did not differ in dry weight of *** findings indicate that when plants are small,the less costly sex is favored,consistent with the‘size-advantage hypothesis’.When plants are large,both female and male investments change isometrically,as later-produced flowers tend to be functionally male.

关键词： Andromonoecy Plant size Lilium lankongense Phenotypic gender Size-dependent sex allocation staminate flower

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