Both small and large plants are likely to produce staminate(male)flowers in a hermaphrodite lily

作     者：EiEi Shwe Bo Wu Shuang-Quan Huang EiEi Shwe;Bo Wu;Shuang-Quan Huang

作者机构：Institute of Evolution and EcologySchool of Life SciencesCentral China Normal University152 Luoyu AvenueHongshan DistrictWuhan430079China 

出 版 物：《Plant Diversity》 (植物多样性（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2020年第42卷第3期

页      面：142-147页

核心收录：

学科分类：090706[农学-园林植物与观赏园艺] 0907[农学-林学] 09[农学] 

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1402267 31270281)to S.Q.H 

主　　题：Andromonoecy Plant size Lilium lankongense Phenotypic gender Size-dependent sex allocation Staminate flower 

摘      要：Resource allocation to female and male function may vary among individual plants in species with variable sex ***-dependent sex allocation has been proposed in hermaphrodites,in which female-biased allocation may increase with plant *** many hermaphrodites with large floral displays,however,later-produced flowers tend to be functionally *** paradoxical relationship between female and male function and plant size remains poorly *** subalpine lily Lilium lankongense has individuals of three sexual types:males with only staminate flowers,hermaphrodites with only perfect flowers,and andromonoecious plants with both perfect and staminate *** we tested theoretical predictions of size-dependent sex allocation in *** by measuring plant height and flower number of individuals of each sex at five field sites in the mountainous region of Shangri-La,southwestern *** investigate variation in phenotypic gender,we identified sex expression of 457 individuals one year *** investigation showed that male plants,which usually produced one flower,were significantly smaller than and ro monoecious and hermaphrodite *** addition,the total flower numbers of andromonoecious and hermaphrodite plants increased significantly with plant *** individuals were more likely to produce terminal staminate flowers,as there were more flowers in andromonoecious than in hermaphrodite ***-flowered plants were significantly smaller than flowering *** flowers had significantly larger petals and pistils than staminate flowers,but they did not differ in dry weight of *** findings indicate that when plants are small,the less costly sex is favored,consistent with the‘size-advantage hypothesis’.When plants are large,both female and male investments change isometrically,as later-produced flowers tend to be functionally male.