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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第11期124卷 1639-1646页

作者： SUN Lin SHAO Qi WANG Zhi-qiang KANG Dian-min LI Shi-wei LI Xue-gang XUE Fu-zhong WANG Jie-zhen Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of PublicHealth Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 China Qingdao Health Inspection Bureau Qingdao Shandong 266034China Junan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention JunanLinyi Shandong 276600 China

Background Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） is endemic in Junan county, Shandong Province, China. We conducted geographic information system （GIS）-based spatial analysis with the objective of estimating the spatial distribution of rodent populations and their hantavirus infection patterns, to describe the spatial relationships of hantavirus strains in small ecological areas and to identify key areas in endemic areas of HFRS for future public health planning and resource allocation.

关键词： rodent population hantavirus small ecological areas spatial analysis

Semantic typing of linked geoprocessing workflows

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第1期11卷 113-138页

作者： Simon Scheider Andrea Ballatore Human Geography and spatial Planning Universiteit UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands Department of Geography BirkbeckUniversity of LondonLondonUK

In Geographic Information Systems(GIS),geoprocessing workflows allow analysts to organize their methods on spatial data in complex *** propose a method for expressing workflows as linked data,and for semi-automatically enriching them with semantics on the level of their operations and *** workflows can be easily published on the Web and queried for types of inputs,results,or ***,GIS analysts can reuse their workflows in a modular way,selecting,adapting,and recommending resources based on compatible semantic *** typing approach starts from minimal annotations of workflow operations with classes of GIS tools,and then propagates data types and implicit semantic structures through the workflow using an OWL typing scheme and SPARQL rules by backtracking over GIS *** method is implemented in Python and is evaluated on two real-world geoprocessing workflows,generated with Esri's *** illustrate the potential applications of our typing method,we formulate and execute competency questions over these workflows.

关键词： Geoprocessing spatial analysis workflows semantic typing linked data

Power outage and environmental justice in Winter Storm Uri: an analytical workflow based on nighttime light remote sensing

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 2259-2278页

作者： Jinwen Xu Yi Qiang Heng Cai Lei Zou GIS Center Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA School of Geosciences University of South FloridaTampaFLUSA Department of Geography Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

The intensity of extreme weather events has been increasing,posing a unique threat to society and highlighting the importance of our electrical power system,a key component in our *** severe weather events,quickly identifying power outage impact zones and affected communities is crucial for informed disaster ***,a lack of household-level power outage data impedes timely and precise *** address these challenges,we introduced an analytical workflow using NASA’s Black Marble daily nighttime light(NTL)images to detect power outages from the 2021 Winter Storm *** workflow includes adjustments to mitigate viewing angle and snow reflection *** outage is detected by comparing storm-time and baseline(normal condition)NTL images using an empirical adjusted *** outcomes of the workflow are 500-meter resolution power outage maps,which have the optimal correlation with real outage tracking data when NTL intensity is reduced by 26%.With the resultant power outage maps,we analyzed the relations between power outages and disadvantaged populations in 126 Texas counties and 4182 census tracts to evaluate environmental justice in the *** results show that Latino/Hispanic communities tend to suffer more from power outages at both the county and census tract levels.

关键词： Nighttime light disaster resilience natural disaster spatial analysis environmental justice power outage

Delineation of spring capture zones in southern Great Basin,USA based on modeling results and geochemical data

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Water Science and Engineering 2022年第3期15卷 189-199页

作者： Anya Zhang Department of Geoscience University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154-4010USA

The protection zones or capture zones of springs in desert environments can be hard to identify,but they are critical to spring *** springs fed by regional aquifers are susceptible to contamination and groundwater *** *** Protection Agency has established hydrogeologic mapping methods to delineate protection zones for ***,it is often difficult to determine a regional aquifer system's flow pattern with this technique alone,and the use of these methods is not conducive to efficient groundwater *** tracking analysis using a well-conceptualized and calibrated numerical model for the three-dimensional groundwater flow domain feeding a given group of springs can help facilitate the identification of spring capture zone *** upon this basis,a multifaceted approach was developed to define clear boundaries of the capture zones for the springs in the Furnace Creek,Ash Meadows,and the Muddy River areas in the southern Great Basin,*** zones were first delineated from inverse particle tracking and Hydrologic Unit 12 ***,they were adjusted based on water budgets,geology,and hydrologically significant ***,a geochemical analysis of the groundwater chemistry and isotopic data was conducted to verify the extent of each spring capture *** multifaceted approach adds confidence to the new delineations.

关键词： Spring capture zone Modeling Geochemical analysis Multivariate statistics spatial analysis Southern Great Basin

spatial quality evaluation for drinking water based on GIS and ant colony clustering algorithm

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第3期21卷 1051-1057页

作者：侯景伟米文宝李陇堂 School of Resource and Environment Ningxia University

To develop a better approach for spatial evaluation of drinking water quality, an intelligent evaluation method integrating a geographical information system(GIS) and an ant colony clustering algorithm(ACCA) was used. Drinking water samples from 29 wells in Zhenping County, China, were collected and analyzed. 35 parameters on water quality were selected, such as chloride concentration, sulphate concentration, total hardness, nitrate concentration, fluoride concentration, turbidity, pH, chromium concentration, COD, bacterium amount, total coliforms and color. The best spatial interpolation methods for the 35 parameters were found and selected from all types of interpolation methods in GIS environment according to the minimum cross-validation errors. The ACCA was improved through three strategies, namely mixed distance function, average similitude degree and probability conversion functions. Then, the ACCA was carried out to obtain different water quality grades in the GIS environment. In the end, the result from the ACCA was compared with those from the competitive Hopfield neural network(CHNN) to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the ACCA according to three evaluation indexes, which are stochastic sampling method, pixel amount and convergence speed. It is shown that the spatial water quality grades obtained from the ACCA were more effective, accurate and intelligent than those obtained from the CHNN.

关键词： geographical information system (GIS) ant colony clustering algorithm (ACCA) quality evaluation drinking water spatial analysis

Generic Issues on Broad-Scale Soil Monitoring Schemes: A Review

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Pedosphere 2012年第4期22卷 456-469页

作者： D. ARROUAYS B. P. MARCHANT N. P. A. SABY J. MEERSMANS T. G. ORTON M. P. MARTIN P. H. BELLAMY R. M. LARK M. KIBBLEWHITE INRA US 1106 InfoSol Unit CS 40001 Ardon F-45075 Orléans cedex 2 (France) Rothamsted Research Harpenden Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ (UK) Cranfield University Cranfield Bedfordshire MK43 0AL (UK) British Geological Survey Keyworth Nottingham NG12 5GG (UK)

Numerous scientific challenges arise when designing a soil monitoring network (SMN), especially when assessing large areas and several properties that are driven by numerous controlling factors of various origins and scales. Different broad approaches to the establishment of SMNs are distinguished. It is essential to establish an adequate sampling protocol that can be applied rigorously at each sampling location and time. We make recommendations regarding the within-site sampling of soil. Different statistical methods should be associated with the different types of sampling design. We review new statistical methods that account for different sources of uncertainty. Except for those parameters for which a consensus exists, the question of testing method harmonisation remains a very difficult issue. The establishment of benchmark sites devoted to harmonisation and inter-calibration is advocated as a technical solution. However, to our present knowledge, no study has addressed crucial scientific issues such as how many calibration sites are necessary and how to locate them.

关键词： networks sampling soil quality spatial analysis temporal analysis

Soil erosion differences in paired grassland and forestland catchments on the Chinese Loess Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第5期20卷 1336-1348页

作者： YANG Si-qi LUO Da HAN Hao JIN Zhao Interdisciplinary Research Center of Earth Science Frontier State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Xi’an 710061China

In this study,two adjacent gauged catchments on the Chinese Loess Plateau were selected,in which one catchment was afforested and one was restored with natural vegetation in *** distributions of soil erosion rates were estimated between 2010 and 2020 with a high spatial resolution of 2 m in the paired catchments based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model(RUSLE)and Geographic Information Systems(GIS).The results showed that the simulated soil erosion rates in 2010-2020 averaged 12.58 and 8.56 t ha^(-1)a^(-1)for the grassland and forestland catchment,***,areas with high soil erosion rates(>80t ha^(-1)a^(-1))were mainly distributed in the topography with steep slope gradients(>45°).Comparisons between simulated soil erosion rates and observed annual sediment loads indicated that the simulation results of the grassland catchment were lower than the observed values,while it was reversed in the forestland *** conclude that the RUSLE model cannot simulate the gravity erosion induced by extreme rainfall *** the forestland catchment,insufficient streamflow and dense vegetation coverage are crucial factors resulting in hindering the movement of sediments.

关键词： Catchment comparison Soil erosion RUSLE model Vegetation effect Topography effect spatial analysis

Exploring spatial relationships between stream channel features,water depths and flow velocities during flash floods using HEC-GeoRAS and Geographic Information Systems

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第4期32卷 757-782页

作者： Miguel LEAL Eusébio REIS Pedro Pinto SANTOS Centre of Geographical Studies and Associated Laboratory TERRA Institute of Geography and Spatial PlanningUniversidade de Lisboa1600-276 LisbonPortugal Forest Research Centre and Associated Laboratory TERRA School of AgricultureUniversidade de LisboaTapada da Ajuda1349-017 LisbonPortugal

Water depths and flow velocities decisively influence the damage caused by flash *** Information System(GIS)is a powerful and useful tool,allowing the spatial analysis of results obtained by hydraulic modelling,namely from the HEC-RAS/HEC-GeoRAS *** GIS spatial analysis performed in this study seeks to explain and quantify the spatial relationships between the stream channel features and flow components during flash flood *** these relationships are generically known,there are few studies exploring this subject in different geographic contexts.A 1D hydraulic model was applied in a small watershed in Portugal,providing good results in the definition of floodable areas,water depths and longitudinal *** direct relationship was found between water depths and velocities in the floodable areas;however,negative strong correlations were found between the two flow components along the stream *** slope,channel and flood width,and roughness prove to be highly relevant on the longitudinal variations of water depths and velocities and on the location of maximum *** peak discharges and return periods(R;)can change the relationships between water depths and velocities at the same *** can be improved with more accurate elevation data for stream channels and floodplains.

关键词： flash floods water depth flow velocity geographic information systems(GIS) spatial analysis

Competition of spatial service hinterlands between high-speed rail and air transport in China： Present and future trends

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年第9期25卷 1137-1152页

作者： WANG Jiaoe JIAO Jingjuan DU Chao HU Hao Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute for Urban and Environmental Studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Beijing 100028 China

The rapid development of high-speed rail （HSR） and air transport in China has encouraged research on the spatial effects and safety of these two modes of transport, and on the competition between them. We report here an investigation of the effects of competi- tion between HSR and air transport in China from a geographical perspective. The spatial service hinterlands for HSR and air transport accessible within one and two hours by road transport were investigated using a method based on a geographical information system and the overlapping service hinterlands of HSR and air transport were established. A city with both HSR stations and airports, or that was accessible to HSR stations and airports within a certain travel time by road transport, was defined as the overlapping market. The spatial effects of competition between HSR and air transport at present and in the future were then studied with respect to the planned HSR network and airports. The results showed that both HSR and air transport tend to serve areas with high population densities and well-developed econo- mies and in 2012 most of the population and GDP in China were accessible within two hours by road transport to an HSR station or airport. -the different technical and economic charac- teristics of HSR and air transport determine the advantage markets. spatially, the service hinterland of HSR mainly focuses on urban agglomerations and economic corridors in the eastern and central regions, whereas air transport has a competitive advantage in the more inaccessible western region of China. The overlapping market of HSR and air transport will become increasingly large in the future and cities with a population of over one million and cities within 30 km to both airports and HSR stations will become the major competitive markets. Considering the cost of construction and the number of passengers required for economic operation, as well as the competition with air transport, it is suggested that the construct

关键词： high-speed rail civil aviation spatial analysis service market China

Topological relations between spherical spatial regions with holes

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第4期13卷 429-456页

作者： Jingwei Shen Lan Zhang Min Chen Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application NanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China

There is growing interest in globally modelling the entire *** topological relations between spherical simple regions and topological relations between regions with holes in the plane have been investigated,few studies have focused on the topological relations between spherical spatial regions with *** 16-intersection model(16IM)is proposed to describe the topological relations between spatial regions with holes.A total of 25 negative conditions are proposed to eliminate the impossible topological relations between spherical spatial regions with *** results show that(1)3 disjoint relations,3 meet relations,66 overlap relations,7 cover relations,3 contain relations,1 equal relation,7 coveredBy relations,3 inside relations,1 attach relation,52 entwined relations,and 28 embrace relations can be distinguished by the 16IM and that(2)the formalisms of attach,entwined,and embrace relations between the spherical spatial regions without holes based on the 9IM and that between the spherical spatial regions with holes based on the simplified 16IM are different,whereas the formalisms of other types of relations between spherical spatial regions without holes based on the 9IM and that between the spherical spatial regions with holes based on a simplified 16IM are the same.

关键词： Topological relations spatial region with holes 16-intersection model(16IM) spatial analysis