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Ligand Engineering in Tin-Based Perovskite Solar cells

Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第10期15卷 112-150页

作者： Peizhou Li Xiangrong Cao Jingrui Li Bo Jiao Xun Hou Feng Hao Zhijun Ning Zuqiang Bian Jun Xi Liming Ding Zhaoxin Wu Hua Dong Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices(MoE) Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic TechniqueSchool of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Center for Excellence in Nanoscience(CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210People’s Republic of China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006People’s Republic of China

Perovskite Solar cells(PSCs)have attracted aggressive attention in the photovoltaic field in light of the rapid increasing power conversion efficiency.However,their large-scale application and commercialization are limited by the toxicity issue of lead(Pb).Among all the lead-free perovskites,tin(Sn)-based perovskites have shown potential due to their low toxicity,ideal bandgap structure,high carrier mobility,and long hot carrier lifetime.Great progress of Sn-based PSCs has been realized in recent years,and the certified efficiency has now reached over 14%.Nevertheless,this record still falls far behind the theoretical calculations.This is likely due to the uncontrolled nucleation states and pronounced Sn(Ⅳ)vacancies.With insights into the methodologies resolving both issues,ligand engineering-assisted perovskite film fabrication dictates the state-of-the-art Sn-based PSCs.Herein,we summarize the role of ligand engineering during each state of film fabrication,ranging from the starting precursors to the ending fabricated bulks.The incorporation of ligands to suppress Sn~(2+)oxidation,passivate bulk defects,optimize crystal orientation,and improve stability is discussed,respectively.Finally,the remained challenges and perspectives toward advancing the performance of Sn-based PSCs are presented.We expect this review can draw a clear roadmap to facilitate Sn-based PSCs via ligand engineering.

关键词： Perovskite Solar cells Lead-free Ligand engineering Defects Stability

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Novel broad spectral response perovskite Solar cells:A review of the current status and advanced strategies for breaking the theoretical limit efficiency

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第9期140卷 33-57页

作者： Bin Liu Yuqi Wang Yanjie Wu Biao Dong Hongwei Song State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Perovskite Solar cells(PSCs)have revolutionized photovoltaic research.The power conversion efficiency(PCE)of PSCs has now reached 25.7%,which is comparable to current state-of-the-art silicon-based cells.However,PSCs can only utilize light of 300-850 nm,resulting in wasted near-infrared(NIR)light,which occupies 45%-50%of entire solar spectrum,which is one of the main reasons limiting the development of efficiency.Related strategies to broaden NIR spectroscopy to break the theoretical limit efficiency of PSCs have recently attracted extensive attention.This review firstly outlines theoretical basis for improving the NIR spectroscopy,then systematically summarizes some key strategies and research progress to improve NIR spectroscopy of PSCs.We firstly provided a comprehensive overview of historical research experiments on narrow-gap perovskite absorber layers,rare earth up-conversion,tandem devices,and integrated perovskite/organic Solar cells and given constructive suggestions for exceeding limit efficiency of PSCs.Finally,based on the development status of PSCs with NIR utilization,the current issues,solutions and future development directions of important aspects to improve NIR utilization of PSCs are systematically discussed.This review lays the foundation for the efficiency of PSCs beyond the Shockley-Queisser limit,and provides a certain development prospect.

关键词： Organic materials Up-conversion materials Perovskite Solar cells Tandem cells Integrated perovskite/organic heterojunction Solar cells

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Highly efficient perovskite Solar cells by building 2D/3D perovskite heterojuction in situ for interfacial passivation and energy level adjustment

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第2期66卷 449-458页

作者： Yaoyao Huang Zhangyu Yuan Jia Yang Shungao Yin Aihui Liang Gang Xie Chuizheng Feng Zhisheng Zhou Qifan Xue Yang Pan Fei Huang Yiwang Chen National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330022China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry(IPEC) Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

Passivating the interfacial defects and reducing the interfacial non-radiative recombination losses are the keys to improving the photovoltaic performance of three-dimensional(3D)perovskite Solar cells(PVSCs).Stacking two dimensional(2D)perovskites on 3D perovskite is a promising method for interfacial treatment that improves the stability and efficiency of PVSCs.Herein,we developed conjugated fluorinated benzimidazolium cation(FBIm+)which can be inserted between 3D perovskite and holetransporting layer(HTL)to form 2D perovskite in situ.The 2D single crystal structures of(FBIm)_(2)Pb I4and(FBIm)_(2)Pb Br_(4)were achieved and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction(XRD),while few single crystals of 2D perovskite based on imidazolium or benzimidazolium anchors have been reported.The 2D perovskite can passivate the interfacial defects,induce better crystallinity and orientation,conduct lower trap density and extend carrier lifetime.Furthermore,the energy level arrangement can be regulated by changing the counterion from iodide to bromide,which can efficiently improve the hole extraction and device performances.As a consequence,the best efficiency of 23.00%for FBIm Br-incorporated devices was achieved,while only 20.72%for the control device.Meanwhile,the PVSCs modified by FBIm Br displayed excellent environmental stability due to the constructed hydrophobic 2D perovskite layer which can effectively block moisture permeation.This work develops a new path to design novel conjugated organic passivants to form 2D/3D perovskite structures.

关键词： organic-inorganic halide perovskites Solar cells passivation engineering 2D/3D perovskites

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One‑Step Gas-Solid‑Phase Diffusion‑Induced Elemental Reaction for Bandgap‑Tunable Cu_(a)Agm_(1)Bim_(2)I_(n)/CuI Thin Film Solar cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第4期15卷 261-271页

作者： Erchuang Fan Manying Liu Kangni Yang Siyu Jiang Bingxin Li Dandan Zhao Yanru Guo Yange Zhang Peng Zhang Chuantian Zuo Liming Ding Zhi Zheng Key Laboratory of Micro‑Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province College of Chemical and Materials EngineeringInstitute of Surface Micro and Nano MaterialsXuchang UniversityXuchang 461000People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People’s Republic of China Center for Excellence in Nanoscience(CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China

Lead-free inorganic copper-silver-bismuth-halide materials have attracted more and more attention due to their environmental friendliness,high element abundance,and low cost.Here,we developed a strategy of one-step gas-solid-phase diffusioninduced reaction to fabricate a series of bandgap-tunable Cu_(a)Agm_(1)Bim_(2)I_(n)/CuI bilayer films due to the atomic diffusion effect for the first time.By designing and regulating the sputtered Cu/Ag/Bi metal film thickness,the bandgap of Cu_(a)Agm_(1)Bim_(2)I_(n)/CuI could be reduced from 2.06 to 1.78 eV.Solar cells with the structure of FTO/TiO_(2)/Cu_(a)Agm_(1)Bim_(2)I_(n)/CuI/carbon were constructed,yielding a champion power conversion efficiency of 2.76%,which is the highest reported for this class of materials owing to the bandgap reduction and the peculiar bilayer structure.The current work provides a practical path for developing the next generation of efficient,stable,and environmentally friendly photovoltaic materials.

关键词： Cu_(a)Agm_(1)Bim_(2)I_(n)/CuI Elemental reaction Bandgap tuning Solar cells Gas-solid phase

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Stability of Sn-Pb mixed organic–inorganic halide perovskite Solar cells:Progress,challenges,and perspectives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 371-404页

作者： Shaoshen Lv Weiyin Gao Yanghua Liu He Dong Nan Sun Tingting Niu Yingdong Xia Zhongbin Wu Lin Song Chenxin Ran Li Fu Yonghua Chen Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials&EngineeringXi’an 710072ShaanxiChina Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&Institution of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing 211816JiangsuChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072ShaanxiChina

The exploration of low bandgap perovskite material to approach Shockley-Queisser limit of photovoltaic device is of great significance,but it is still challenging.During the past few years,tin–lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovskites with low bandgaps have been rapidly developed,and their single junction Solar cells have reached power conversion efficiency(PCE)over 21%,which also makes them ideal candidate as low bandgap sub-cell for tandem device.Nevertheless,due to the incorporation of unstable Sn^(2+),the stability issue becomes the vital problem for the further development of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite Solar cells(PSCs).In this review,we are dedicated to give a full view in current understanding on the stability issue of SnPb mixed perovskites and their PSCs.We begin with the demonstration on the origin of instability of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites,including oxidation of Sn^(2+),defects,and interfacial layer induced instability.Sequentially,the up-to-date developments on the stability improvement of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites and their PSCs is systematically reviewed,including composition engineering,additive engineering,and interfacial engineering.At last,the current challenges and future perspectives on the stability study of Sn-Pb mixed PSCs are discussed,which we hope could promote the further application of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites towards commercialization.

关键词： Sn-Pb mixed perovskites Stability Interfacial defects Energy level mismatch Solar cells

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Impeded degradation of perovskite Solar cells via the dual interfacial modification of siloxane

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第11期65卷 2299-2306页

作者： Xiao Zhang Changsu Cao Yang Bai Cheng Zhu Huachao Zai Sai Ma Yihua Chen Zhenhua Cui Congbo Shi Chenyue Wang Chenxiao Zhou Guizhou Yuan Ziyan Gao Jiawang Hong Jie Dou Hao Wang Huanping Zhou Hai Xiao Jun Li Qi Chen Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Experimental Center of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF) Zhangjiang LabShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

It is challenging to improve the long-term stability of perovskite Solar cells(PSCs) without sacrificing efficiency. The perovskite absorbers degrade from the film surface/interfaces, which follows entangled mechanisms that have not been fully revealed yet.Herein, we decouple and elaborate two distinctive pathways regarding film degradation based on FACsPbI3perovskites.Moreover, a dual interfacial modification strategy has been developed for improving the material’s intrinsic stability, thus leading to the film degrading in a more retardant pathway. The corresponding PSCs achieve a stable power output efficiency of 23.75%.More importantly, the unencapsulated PSCs devices retain over 93% of their initial PCE after the maximum power point(MPP)tracking under the continuous 1-sun illumination and show significantly improved stability after aged under the thermal treatment or stored in ambient atmosphere for over 1500 hours without obvious PCE decay. This work shows the importance of modulating the degradation pathway on stability improvement, and at the same time, proposes a strategy for designing perovskite-based optoelectronics with excellent performance and stability.

关键词： perovskite Solar cells stability degradation kinetics

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Chiral cation promoted interfacial charge extraction for efficient tin-based perovskite Solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 789-796页

作者： Weiyin Gao He Dong Nan Sun Lingfeng Chao Wei Hui Qi Wei Hai Li Yingdong Xia Xingyu Gao Guichuan Xing Zhongbin Wu Lin Song Peter Müller-Buschbaum Chenxin Ran Yonghua Chen Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials&EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072ShaanxiChina Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&Institution of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing 211816JiangsuChina Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF) Zhangjiang LaboratoryShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien Physik DepartmentTechnische Universität München.James-Franck-Str.185748 GarchingGermany Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum(MLZ) Technische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstr.185748 GarchingGermany

Pb-free Sn-based perovskite Solar cells(PSCs) have recently made inspiring progress, and power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 14.8% has been achieved. However, due to the energy-level mismatch and poor interfacial contact between commonly used hole transport layer(i.e., poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythio phene):poly(styrene sulfonate), PEDOT:PSS) and FASnI_(3) film, it is still challenging to effectively extract holes at the interface. Owing to the p-type nature of Sn-based perovskites, the efficient hole extraction is of particular significance to improve the PCE of their Solar cells. In this work, for the first time, the role of chiral cations, a-methylbenzylamine(S-/R-/rac-MBA), in promoting hole transportation of FASnI_(3)-based PSCs is demonstrated. The introduction of MBAs is found to form 2D/3D film with lowdimensional structures locating at PEDOT:PSS/FASnI_(3) interface, which facilitates the energy level alignment and efficient charge transfer at the interface. Importantly, chiral-induced spin selectivity(CISS)effect of R-MBA_(2)SnI_(4)induced by chiral R-MBA cation is found to further assist the specific interfacial transport of accumulated holes. As a result, R-MBA-based PSCs achieve decent PCE of 10.73% with much suppressed hysteresis and enhanced device stability. This work opens up a new strategy to efficiently promote the interfacial extraction of accumulated charges in working PSCs.

关键词： Tin perovskite Chiral cation 2D/3D structure Interfacial charge extraction Solar cells

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Fabrication and characterization of ZnO/Se1‑xTex Solar cells

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2022年第3期15卷 75-85页

作者： Jiajia Zheng Liuchong Fu Yuming He Kanghua Li Yue Lu Jiayou Xue Yuxuan Liu Chong Dong Chao Chen Jiang Tang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO)and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy(ICARE) Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Selenium(Se)element is a promising light-harvesting material for Solar cells because of the large absorption coefcient and prominent photoconductivity.However,the efciency of Se Solar cells has been stagnated for a long time owing to the suboptimal bandgap(>1.8 eV)and the lack of a proper electron transport layer.In this work,we tune the bandgap of the absorber to the optimal value of Shockley-Queisser limit(1.36 eV)by alloying 30%Te with 70%Se.Simultaneously,ZnO electron transport layer is selected because of the proper band alignment,and the mild reaction at ZnO/Se_(0.7)Te_(0.3) interface guarantees a good-quality heterojunction.Finally,a superior efciency of 1.85%is achieved on ZnO/Se_(0.7)Te_(0.3)Solar cells.

关键词： Se1−xTex alloy ZnO electron transport layer Recombination mechanism Solar cells

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Perovskite bridging PbS quantum dot/polymer interface enables efficient Solar cells

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Nano Research 2022年第7期15卷 6121-6127页

作者： Xing Meng Yifan Chen Fan Yang Jieqi Zhang Guozheng Shi Yannan Zhang Haodong Tang Wei Chen Yang Liu Lin Yuan Shaojuan Li Kai Wang Qi Chen Zeke Liu Wanli Ma Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChangchun 130033China i-Lab CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsSuzhou 215123China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Conjugated polymers have been explored as promising hole-transporting layer(HTL)in lead sulfide(PbS)quantum dot(QD)Solar cells.The fine regulation of the inorganic/organic interface is pivotal to realize high device performance.In this work,we propose using CsPbI_(3) QDs as the interfacial layer between PbS QD active layer and organic polymer HTL.The relative soft perovskite can mediate the interface and form favorable energy level alignment,improving charge extraction and reducing interfacial charge recombination.As a result,the photovoltaic performance can be efficiently improved from 10.50%to 12.32%.This work may provide new guidelines to the device structural design of QD optoelectronics by integrating different solutionprocessed semiconductors.

关键词： lead sulfide quantum dot Solar cells perovskite energy level alignment

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Review on incorporation of alkali elements and their effects in Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)Solar cells

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第1期96卷 179-189页

作者： Yazi Wang Shasha Lv Zhengcao Li State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Radiation Beam Technology and Material Modification(MOE) College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084Chinaa

Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)is a promising candidate to replace crystalline silicon Solar cells and dominate the photovoltaic market in the future.Alkali elements such as sodium(Na),potassium(K),rubidium(Rb),and Cesium(Cs)are commonly accepted as indispensable parts to boost cell efficiencies of CIGS thin-film Solar cells.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of alkali effects on the electronic and chemical properties of the CIGS layer as well as the underlying mechanisms is of paramount importance for achieving high-performance Solar cells.This paper reviews the development process and incorporation pathways of alkalis and then overviews the roles of different alkali elements and their effects on CIGS cells in detail.Furthermore,the unsolved problems and future development prospects are also proposed.Overall,the understanding and development of widely adopted alkali-fluoride post-deposition treatments(PDTs)are still underway,and together with newly updated research,it will likely enable the CIGS technology to make the conversion efficiency closer to its theoretical limit.

关键词： Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS) Solar cells Post-deposition treatment(PDT) Alkali effects

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