Review on incorporation of alkali elements and their effects in Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)solar cells

作     者：Yazi Wang Shasha Lv Zhengcao Li Yazi Wang;Shasha Lv;Zhengcao Li

作者机构：State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Radiation Beam Technology and Material Modification(MOE)College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE)School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084Chinaa 

出 版 物：《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 (材料科学技术（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第96卷第1期

页      面：179-189页

核心收录：

学科分类：081702[工学-化学工艺] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 0806[工学-冶金工程] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 080502[工学-材料学] 0703[理学-化学] 0802[工学-机械工程] 0801[工学-力学（可授工学、理学学位）] 0702[理学-物理学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11975135 and 61176003) financial support of Special Funds for Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(No.2018 NTST29) the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M650524)。 

主　　题：Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS) Solar cells Post-deposition treatment(PDT) Alkali effects 

摘      要：Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)is a promising candidate to replace crystalline silicon solar cells and dominate the photovoltaic market in the future.Alkali elements such as sodium(Na),potassium(K),rubidium(Rb),and Cesium(Cs)are commonly accepted as indispensable parts to boost cell efficiencies of CIGS thin-film solar cells.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of alkali effects on the electronic and chemical properties of the CIGS layer as well as the underlying mechanisms is of paramount importance for achieving high-performance solar cells.This paper reviews the development process and incorporation pathways of alkalis and then overviews the roles of different alkali elements and their effects on CIGS cells in detail.Furthermore,the unsolved problems and future development prospects are also proposed.Overall,the understanding and development of widely adopted alkali-fluoride post-deposition treatments(PDTs)are still underway,and together with newly updated research,it will likely enable the CIGS technology to make the conversion efficiency closer to its theoretical limit.