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GaN nanowires/Si photocathodes for CO_(2) reduction towards Solar fuels and chemicals: advances, challenges, and prospects

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第3期66卷 739-754页

作者： Baowen Zhou Jinglin Li Xinyue Dong Lin Yao Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201306China

Photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)production of fuels and chemicals by using Solar energy,water,and CO_(2) paves a promising avenue toward carbon neutrality.Over the past decades,for accelerating this process,a variety of photocathodes have been explored.Among them,the hybrid of GaN nanowires(NWs)and planar silicon has appeared as a disruptive platform for this grand topic,owing to their distinctive structural,optoelectronic,and catalytic properties.This review illustrates the most recent advances in GaN NWs/Si-based photocathodes for CO_(2) reduction reactions powered by simulated sunlight,beginning with a discussion of the critical requirements and fundamental challenges of PEC CO_(2) reduction.The characteristics of GaN NWs/Si are then discussed,showing its great potential in precisely controlling the behavior of photons,charges,and chemical species.As the focus of this review,the progress on the PEC CO_(2) reduction reactions toward different products over GaN NWs/Si-based photocathodes is highlighted.In the end,the challenges and prospects of GaN NWs/Si-based photocathodes for the practical synthesis of Solarfuels and chemicals are proposed.

关键词： GaN NWs/Si photocathodes Solar fuels and chemicals CO reduction reactions

A review of bifacial Solar photovoltaic applications

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第6期17卷 704-726页

作者： Aydan GARROD Aritra GHOSH Faculty of Environment Science and Economy(ESE)Renewable EnergyElectric and Electronic EngineeringUniversity of ExeterPenryn TR109FEUK

Bifacial photovoltaics (BPVs) are a promising alternative to conventional monofacial photovoltaics given their ability to exploit Solar irradiance from both the front and rear sides of the panel, allowing for a higher amount of energy production per unit area. The BPV industry is still emerging, and there is much work to be done until it is a fully mature technology. There are a limited number of reviews of the BPV technology, and the reviews focus on different aspects of BPV. This review comprises an extensive in-depth look at BPV applications throughout all the current major applications, identifying studies conducted for each of the applications, and their outcomes, focusing on optimization for BPV systems under different applications, comparing levelized cost of electricity, integrating the use of BPV with existing systems such as green roofs, information on irradiance and electrical modeling, as well as providing future scope for research to improve the technology and help the industry.

关键词： bifacial photovoltaics(BPVs) bifacial photovoltaics applications review Solar

Performance of a Solar-Biomass Adsorption Chiller

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第4期19卷 1015-1026页

作者： Najeh Ghilen Mohammed El Ganaoui Slimane Gabsi Riad Benelmir Energy WaterEnvironment and Process LaboratoryNational School of Engineering of Gabes University of GabesOmar Ibn ElKhattabGabesTunisia National Engineering School of Sfax SfaxTunisia Faculty of Sciences and Technology/UIT Longwy Lab.LERMAB(UdL/INRA/Labex ARBRE) University of LorraineNancyFrance

A dynamic model is presented for a chiller working with a composite adsorbent(silica activated carbon/CaCl2)–water pair in a Solar-biomass cooling installation.The main objective is determining a link between two possible evaporator configurations and the refrigerator’s performances.The two considered evaporators work at different pressure levels.The related time evolution profiles of temperature,pressure and water content are studied.Moreover,the effects of hot water inlet temperature and cooling water inlet temperature on the specific cooling capacity(SCP)and coefficient of performance(COP)are predicted by means of numerical simulations.The results show that an increase in the temperature of hot water and a decrease in the temperature of the cooling water allow an increase in COP and SCP.In particular,for a hot water inlet temperature of 85°C and a cooling water inlet temperature of 40°C,the COP and Qev are 0.67 and 4.3 kW,respectively.

关键词： Adsorption chiller Solar biomass performance

A review on non-isolated low-power DC-DC converter topologies with high output gain for Solar photovoltaic system applications

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Clean Energy 2022年第4期6卷 557-572页

作者： Tole Sutikno Hendril Satrian Purnama Nuryono Satya Widodo Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban Mohd Rodhi Sahid Department of Electrical Engineering Industrial Technology FacultyUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan55191 YogyakartaIndonesia Embedded System and Power Electronics Research Group 55191 YogyakartaIndonesia CTiF Global Capsule Department of Business Development and TechnologyAarhus UniversityHerning 7400Denmark School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohorMalaysia

The major challenges of the high-gain DC-DC boost converters are high-voltage stress on the switch,extreme duty ratio operation,diode reverse-recovery and converter efficiency problems.There are many topologies of high-gain converters that have been widely developed to overcome those problems,especially for Solar photovoltaic(PV)power-system applications.In this paper,20 high-gain and low-power DC-DC converter topologies are selected from many topologies of available literature.Then,seven prospective topologies with conversion ratios of>15 are thoroughly reviewed and compared.The selected topologies are:(i)voltage-multiplier cell,(ii)voltage doubler,(iii)coupled inductor,(iv)converter with a coupled inductor and switch capacitor,(v)converter with a switched inductor and switched capacitor,(vi)cascading techniques and(vii)voltage-lift techniques.Each topology has its advantages and disadvantages.A comparison of the seven topologies is provided in terms of the number of components,hardware complexity,maximum converter efficiency and voltage stress on the switch.These are presented in detail.So,in the future,it will be easier for researchers and policymakers to choose the right converter topologies and build them into Solar PV systems based on their needs.

关键词： distributed energy and smart grid energy and environment energy system and policy Solar

Use of Solar PV inverters during night-time for voltage regulation and stability of the utility grid

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Clean Energy 2022年第4期6卷 646-658页

作者： Kushan Tharuka Lulbadda Udayanga Hemapala Department of Electrical Engineering University of MoratuwaMoratuwaSri Lanka

Photovoltaic(PV)inverters are vital components for future smart grids.Although the popularity of PV-generator installations is high,their effective performance remains low.Certain inverters are designed to operate in volt-ampere reactive(VAR)mode during the night.Yet,this approach is ineffective due to the consumption of active power from the grid(as internal losses)and the regulation necessity of the direct-current(DC)bus.This paper will demonstrate the operation of a PV inverter in reactive power-injection mode when Solar energy is unavailable.The primary focus is on the design of the inverter controller with respect to the synchronous rotating frame control method.The proposed novel method enables an inverter to inject the required level of reactive power to regulate the voltage levels of the utility grid within specified limits.In the process,the inverter does not absorb active power from the grid for its internal operation.The presented model has the ability to inject≤2 kVAR of reactive power at zero power factor without absorbing active power from the grid.Simulation and hardware models of the inverter were developed and tested for different reactive loads in which the hardware model represented the real-world application.The reactive power injection of the two models ran at zero power factor and produced the expected outcomes for their corresponding independent reactive loads.Henceforth,it was evident that the proposed method can enhance the efficiency of an inverter and ensure the stability of the utility grid to which it is connected.

关键词： Solar energy system and policy energy storage distributed energy and smart grid photovoltaic reactive power night-time usage

Numerical modeling of ZnSnO/CZTS based Solar cells

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Optoelectronics Letters 2022年第5期18卷 276-282页

作者： Assiya Haddout Mounir Fahoume Abderrahim Raidou Mohamed Lharch Materials and Subatomic Physics Laboratory Faculty of SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityB.P 133Kenitra14000Morocco

Numerical simulation has been performed to improve the performance of Cu_(2)ZnSnS_(4)(CZTS)Solar cells by replacing CdS with Zn_(1−x)Sn_(x)O buffer layer.The influences of thickness,donor concentration and defect density of buffer layers on the performance of CZTS Solar cells were investigated.It has been found that Zn_(1−x)Sn_(x)O buffer layer for Sn content of 0.20 is better for CZTS Solar cell.A higher efficiency can be achieved with thinner buffer layer.The optimized Solar cell demonstrated a maximum power conversion efficiency of 13%.

关键词： CZTS donor Solar

Power enhancement using improved maximum power point tracking for Solar photovoltaic systems under partial shading

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Clean Energy 2022年第6期6卷 810-816页

作者： Chandrakant D.Bhos Javed Sayyad Paresh Nasikkar Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Symbiosis Institute of Technology(SIT)Symbiosis International(Deemed University)(SIU)LavalePune412115MaharashtraIndia Department of Robotics and Automation Engineering Symbiosis Institute of Technology(SIT)Symbiosis International(Deemed University)(SIU)LavalePune412115MaharashtraIndia

One of the key reasons contributing to a reduction in the performance of a Solar photovoltaic(SPV)system is the presence of partial shade on the Solar panels.It is necessary to use maximum power point tracking(MPPT)in SPV systems to get around the non-linear behaviour of photovoltaic panels.This research analyses the reduction in power output of SPV systems caused by partial shading.In the latter part of the paper,the improved dynamic behaviour-based ant colony optimization MPPT approach under the effect of module-level partial shading is implemented in MATLAB®/Simulink®.Various partial shading levels were applied to SPV modules to evaluate the system performance.The proposed system follows the maximum power point with 99.9%accuracy and a response time of 2 ms.The addition of a weight coefficient accelerates the convergence of the algorithm.

关键词： Solar photovoltaic MPPT shading optimization

Highlights of mainstream Solar cell efficiencies in 2021

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Frontiers in Energy 2022年第1期16卷 1-8页

作者： Wenzhong SHEN Yixin ZHAO Feng LIU Institute of Solar Energy and Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control(Ministry of Education)School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Solar photovoltaic(PV)technology is expected to play a key role in global carbon neutrality.The global new installed Solar PV capacity over the past 20 years has grown at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 40%,far outpacing other energy sources such as coal,oil,natural gas,and wind[1].The strong momentum of the PV industry comes from its rapidly decreased levelized cost of electricity due to technological improvement and large-scale application.

关键词： Solar momentum neutral

Techno-economic-environmental comparison of floating photovoltaic plant with conventional Solar photovoltaic plant in northern Iran

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Clean Energy 2022年第2期6卷 353-361页

作者： Sina Semeskandeh Mehrdad Hojjat Mohamad Hosseini Abardeh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shahrood BranchIslamic Azad UniversityShahroodIran

Photovoltaic(PV)systems can be used to generate electricity due to the potential for Solar energy in Iran.Applying floating photovol-taic(FPV)systems is a new approach to utilizing PV systems in water.Most of Iran’s energy consumption is supplied from fossil fuels,especially oil and gas.In recent years,Iran has faced environmental problems and air pollution.Electricity generation using fossil fuels has led to increased environmental pollution.Accordingly,PV systems can be used to generate electricity due to the potential for Solar energy in Iran.The interest in predicting the energy production of PV power plants has increased in recent years.In this regard,the techno-economic-environmental study of constructing PV power plants is a basic process to encourage people to use Solar energy.A techno-economic-environmental feasibility study has been performed to construct a 5-kW FPV and ground PV(GPV)power plant in a northern city of Iran.Also,the FPV system is compared with the ground PV system using MATLAB^(■)Simulink and RETScreen^(■)software.In this study,the effects of wind and water temperature have been considered.Also,a sensitivity analysis was performed due to the uncertainty in climatic conditions and the amount of PV energy generation.The simulation results show that due to the cooling effect for panels in the FPV system,the production capacity and panels’efficiency are respectively 19.47%and 27.98%higher than the those of the GPV system.In addition,the FPV system was found to have a 16.96%increase in the annual performance ratio.Overall,using the FPV system reduces the equity payback to 6.3 years(a 22.2%reduction compared to the GPV power plant).

关键词： photovoltaic Solar energy floating feasibility environmental