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Population dynamics, pathogen detection and insecticide resistance of mosquito and sand fly in refugee camps, Greece

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第2期9卷 50-62页

作者： Emmanouil Alexandras Fotakis loannis Apostolou Giantsis Javier Castells Sierra Filianna Tanti Sofia Balaska Konstantinos Mavridis Sofoklis Kourtidis John Vontas Alexandra Chaskopoulou Department of Crop Science Pesticide Science LabAgricultural University of AthensAthensGreece Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and Technology HellasHeraklionCreteGreece European Biological Control Laboratory USDA-ARSThessalonikiGreece Department of Biology National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece General Directorate of Public Health and Social Welfare Region of Central MacedoniaThessalonikiGreece

Background:As of 2015 thousands of refugees are being hosted in temporary refugee camps in *** populations,travelling and living under poor conditions with limited access to healthcare are at a high risk of exposure to vector borne disease(VBD).This study sought to evaluate the risk for VBD transmission within refugee camps in Greece by analyzing the mosquito and sand fly populations present,in light of designing effective and efficient context specific vector and disease control ***:A vector/pathogen surveillance network targeting mosquitoes and sand flies was deployed in four temporary refugee camps in *** collections were conducted bi-weekly during June-September 2017 with the use of Centers for Disease Control(CDC)light traps and oviposition *** conventional and molecular diagnostic tools we investigated the mosquito/sand fly species composition,population dynamics,pathogen infection rates,and insecticide resistance status in the major vector ***:Important disease vectors including Anopheles sacharovi,Culex pipiens,Aedes albopictus and the Leishmania vectors Phlebotomus neglectus,*** and *** were recorded in the study refugee *** mosquito pathogens(Plasmodium parasites,flaviviruses)were detected in the analysed samples yet high sand fly Leishmania infection rates are *** pipiens mosquitoes displayed relatively high knock down resistance(kdr)mutation allelic frequencies(ranging from 41.0 to 63.3%)while kdr mutations were also detected in *** populations,but not in Anopheles and sand fly *** diflubenzuron(DFB)mutations were detected in any of the mosquito species ***:Important disease vectors and pathogens in vectors(Leishmania spp.)were recorded in the refugee camps indicating a situational risk factor for disease *** *** and *** kdr mutation frequencies recorded pose a potential threat against the effectiveness of

关键词： Refugee camp Mosquito sand fly Insecticide resistance

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Ecological niches and blood sources of sand fly in an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in Jiuzhaigou,Sichuan,China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 288-293页

作者： Huiying Chen Kaili Li Hua Shi Yong Zhang Yu Ha Yan Wang Jinjin Jiang Yubin Wang Zhenzhou Yang Jiannong Xu Yajun Ma Department of Tropical Infectious Diseases Faculty of Tropical Medicine and Public HealthSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Biology Department Molecular Biology ProgramNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNM 88003USA Center for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA Beijing 100071China Jiuzhaigou Center of Disease Control and Prevention JiuzhaigouSichuan 623400China Center of Disease Control and Prevention General Equipment Department of PLABeijing 100101China

Background:sand fly Phlebotomus chinensis is a principle vector for the visceral leishmaniasis(VL)in China with a wide geographic ***,Sichuan is a mountain type endemic area of VL in *** term effective control efforts in the region have successfully reduced VL *** assess the current status of the sand flies and their ecological aspects in the region,a survey was conducted in the summer of 2014 and ***:sand fly specimens were collected by light traps in a village and blood sources were identified by PCR and sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome b ***:In a rock cave,65.2%–79.8%of collected sand flies were *** a rabbit farm,92.9%–98.8%of specimens were *** pig pens,61.1%of specimens were *** females had visible blood *** feeding rate was 49.4%from the pig pens,12.3%from the cave,and only 1.7%from the rabbit ***,rabbit,chicken,dog,and human blood were detected in the fed *** blood,present in all tested samples,was a preferred blood source,while chicken and dog blood were present in a third of the ***:In Jiuzhaigou County,Sichuan Province of China,the considerable sandfly density and the peridomestic feeding behavior all increases the risk of VL transmission,and insecticide spraying in animal sheds could be exploited to reduce sand fly populations in human surroundings.

关键词： sand fly Phlebotomus chinensis Ecological niche Blood sources China

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Genetic variation of sand flies(Diptera:Psychodidae)in Gampaha and Kurunegala districts of Sri Lanka:Complementing the morphological identification

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第7期15卷 322-331页

作者： Tharaka Wijerathna Nayana Gunathilaka Wasana Rodrigo Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagamaSri Lanka Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural SciencesThe Open University of Sri LankaNawalaNugegodaSri Lanka

Objective:To identity the variation of sand flies in the Gampaha and Kurunegala districts of Sri Lanka and to assess DNA barcoding as a complementing method for morphological ***:A total of 38441 sand flies were collected from selected localities in Gampaha and Kurunegala districts using standard entomological techniques from May 2017 to December *** were identified using morphological features and compared with mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunitⅠgene-based DNA barcoding as an alternative ***:Morphological and molecular identification confirmed the presence of four species under two genera(Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia).Phlebotomus argentipes was the predominant species,followed by Sergentomyia(S.)punjabensis,*** insularis,and an unidentified Sergentomyia *** argentipes showed a clear genetic differentiation from other *** insularis and *** showed a higher genetic affinity to each other than the unidentified *** unidentified Sergentomyia species is morphologically similar to ***,but differs only in clavate ***:DNA barcoding is an effective technique for the identification of sand *** studies using molecular techniques will improve the knowledge of the cryptic diversity of Sri Lankan sand fly *** a reliable and standardized identification system for sand fly species in Sri Lanka is recommended.

关键词： Morphology sand fly Identification Barcoding Sequencing

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Spatial distribution of sand flies(Diptera: Psychodidae; Larroussius group), the vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in Northwest of Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第9期8卷 425-430页

作者： Eslam Moradi-Asl Yavar Rassi Davoud Adham Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd Abedin Saghafipour Sayena Rafizadeh Department of Public Health School of Public Health Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Qom University of Medical Sciences Ministry of Health National Institute for Medical Research Development

Objective: To determine spatial distribution of sand flies(Diptera: Psychodidae; Larroussius group), the vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in Ardabil province, Northwest of ***: sand flies were collected using sticky traps from the 30 selected points in Ardabil province, during May-November *** MaxEnt model in GIS software was used for ***: A total of 2 794 specimens of sand flies were collected, of which 33% were Larroussius subgenus sand *** kandelakii and Phlebotomus wenyoni were the highest and lowest collected species *** on the modeling, four areas in the province were identified with more than 70% probability of the presence of Larroussius group vectors which were at risk of visceral leishmaniasis disease ***: The distribution of Larroussius subgenus sand flies was observed in all parts of *** the northern parts of the province(Germi and Bilesavar counties) as well as central part(Ardabil and Meshkinshahr counties) were of great importance in terms of the presence of Larroussius subgenus sand flies and the possibility of transmission of the visceral leishmaniasis.

关键词： Larroussius subgenus sand fly Ardabil Modeling Iran

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Phlebotomine sand flies(Diptera:Psychodidae)transmitting visceral leishmaniasis and their geographical distribution in China:a review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 126-138页

作者： Li-Ren Guan Zheng-Bin Zhou Chang-Fa Jin Qing Fu Jun-Jie Chai National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry Of Health/WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical DiseasesShanghai 200025China Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830002China

After the existence of phlebotomine sand flies was first reported in China in 1910,the distribution of different species and their role in the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis(VL)have been extensively *** until 2008,four species have been verified as vectors of VL,namely,Phlebotomus chinensis(***),***(*** longiductus),***(*** wui),and *** sand fly species vary greatly depending on the natural environments in the different geographic areas where they are *** is euryecious and adaptable to different ecologies,and is thus distributed widely in the plain,mountainous,and Loess Plateau regions north of the Yangtze *** is mainly distributed in ancient oasis areas south of *** in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous *** is the predominant species in deserts with Populus diversifolia and Tamarix vegetation in Xinjiang and the western part of the Inner Mongolia autonomous ***,*** is steroecious and found only in stony desert areas,such as at the foot of the mountains in Xinjiang and the western Hexi Corridor,in Gansu *** review summarized the relationship between the geographic distribution pattern of the four sand fly species and their geographical landscape in order to foster research on disease distribution and sand fly control ***,some problems that remained to be solved about vectors of VL in China were discussed.

关键词： Phlebotomus sand fly Geographical distribution Vector Visceral leishmaniasis Leishmania donovani Leishmania infantum Ph.chinensis Ph.longiductus Ph.wui Ph.alexandri Ph.mongolensis

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