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Human-Machine Shared Lateral Control Strategy for Intelligent Vehicles Based on Human Driver Risk perception Reliability

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Automotive Innovation 2024年第1期7卷 102-120页

作者： Dongjian Song Bing Zhu Jian Zhao Jiayi Han State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

Intelligent vehicle(Ⅳ)technology has developed rapidly in recent years.However,achieving fully unmanned driving still presents numerous challenges,which means that human drivers will continue to play a vital role in vehicle operation for the foreseeable future.Human-machine shared driving,involving cooperation between a human driver and an automated driving system(AVS),has been widely regarded as a necessary stage for the development of IVs.Focusing onⅣdriving safety,this study proposed a human-machine shared lateral control strategy(HSLCS)based on the reliability of driver Risk perception.The HSLCS starts by identifying the effective areas of driver Risk perception based on eye movements.It establishes an anisotropic driving risk field,which serves as the foundation for the AVS to assess risk levels.Building upon the cumulative and diminishing effects of Risk perception,the proposed approach leverages the driver's Risk perception effective area and converts the risk field into a representation aligned with the driver's perspective.Subsequently,it quantifies the reliability of the driver's Risk perception by using area-matching rules.Finally,based on the driver’s Risk perception reliability and dif-ferences in lateral driving operation between the human driver and the AVS,the dynamic distribution of driving authority is achieved through a fuzzy rule-based system,and the human-machine shared lateral control is completed by using model predictive control.The HSLCS was tested across various scenarios on a driver-in-the-loop test platform.The results show that the HSLCS can realize the synergy and complementarity of human and machine intelligence,effectively ensuring the safety ofⅣoperation.

关键词： Intelligent vehicle Human-machine shared driving Risk perception Driving authority distribution

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Cardiovascular health awareness,Risk perception,behavioural intention and INTERHEART risk stratification among middle-aged adults in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 61-70页

作者： Siew-Keah Lee Ang-Lim Chua Clement Heng Yew Fong Ban Hao Brian Cong Wen Ling Ng Jing Feng Kong Yik-Ling Chew Kai Bin Liew Yang Shao M.Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysia Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences UCSI UniversityMalaysia Faculty of Pharmacy University of CyberjayaMalaysia The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University China

Objective:To investigate the interrelationship between cardiovascular health awareness,Risk perception,behavioural intention,and INTERHEART risk stratification in a middle-aged adult population in Malaysia.Methods:A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted during November 2022 and January 2023.Participants completed validated questionnaires assessing cardiovascular health awareness,Risk perception of cardiovascular diseases,behavioural intention towards adopting healthy habits,and INTERHEART risk stratification score(IHRS)based on established risk factors.A total of 602 respondents were included in the final analysis.Data were analysed with independent t-test/one-way ANOVA or Mann-Whitney/Kruskal-Wallis to test the differences,Pearson correlation or linear regression test to analyze the association of independent and dependent variables.Results:There was a significant positive correlation between medical knowledge related to cardiovascular disease(CVD)and knowledge related to CVD risk prevention,Risk perception,behavioural intention and IHRS(Prisk prevention,Risk perception,and behavioural intention.Males,laborers,active/former smokers,individuals with lower household income and educational levels,those involved in occupations not related to the healthcare sector,and those who did not receive the CVD health brochure or are unaware of health self-assessment tools are likely to have lower levels of knowledge,Risk perception,and poorer behavioural intention regarding cardiovascular health(Prisk prevention,Risk perception,behavioral intention and/or IHRS(PRisk perception

关键词： Cardiovascular risk Knowledge Risk perception Behavioural intention INTERHEART Middle-aged Lifestyle Physical activity Psychosocial stress

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Effects of Risk perception on Disaster Preparedness Toward Typhoons:An Application of the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior

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International Journal of Disaster risk Science 2022年第1期13卷 100-113页

作者： Sai Leung Ng Graduate Institute of Earth Science Chinese Culture UniversityTaipei 11114TaiwanChina

This study adopted an extended theory of planned behavior to understand how Risk perception affected disaster preparedness behavior.An intercept survey(N=286)was conducted at a typhoon-prone district of Hong Kong,China in 2019,then the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.The results indicated that Risk perception and intention of preparedness were predictors of disaster preparedness behavior.Risk perception significantly affected intention of preparedness and the effect was partially mediated by subjective norm.Risk perception also significantly affected attitude and perceived behavioral control,but attitude and perceived behavioral control were not significantly correlated with intention of preparedness.Not only may this study supplement the existing literature of disaster preparedness toward typhoons,but also it provides insights for the planning and management of natural hazards and disaster risk reduction in Hong Kong,China.

关键词： Disaster preparedness behaviour Hong Kong,China Risk perception Structural equation modelling Theory of planned behaviour Typhoon preparedness

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The dynamics of the Risk perception on a social network and its effect on disease dynamics

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 632-644页

作者： Meili Li Yuhan Ling Junling Ma College of Science Donghua UniversityShanghai201620China Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of VictoriaVictoriaBCV8W 2Y2Canada

The perceived infection risk changes individual behaviors,which further affects the disease dynamics.This perception is influenced by social communication,including surveying their social network neighbors about the fraction of infected neighbors and averaging their neighbors’perception of the risk.We model the interaction of disease dynamics and Risk perception on a two-layer random network that combines a social network layer with a contact network layer.We found that if information spreads much faster than disease,then all individuals converge on the true prevalence of the disease.On the other hand,if the two dynamics have comparable speeds,the Risk perception still converges to a value uniformly on the network.However,the perception lags behind the true prevalence and has a lower peak value.We also study the behavior change caused by the perception of infection risk.This behavior change may affect the disease dynamics by reducing the transmission rate along the edges of the contact network or by breaking edges and isolating the infectious individuals.The effects on the basic reproduction number,the peak size,and the final size are studied.We found that these two effects give the same basic reproduction number.We find edge-breaking has a larger effect on reducing the final size,while reducing the transmission rate has a larger effect on reducing the peak size,which is true for both scale-free and Poisson networks.

关键词： Risk perception Social network Contact network Information dynamics

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Typhoon Risk perception: A Case Study of Typhoon Lekima in China

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International Journal of Disaster risk Science 2022年第2期13卷 261-274页

作者： Jiting Tang Saini Yang Yimeng Liu Kezhen Yao Guofu Wang Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of National Safety and Emergency Management Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China National Climate Center Beijing 100081China

The typhoon is one major threat to human societies and natural ecosystems, and its Risk perception is crucial for contextualizing and managing disaster risks in different social settings. Social media data are a new data source for studying Risk perception, because such data are timely, widely distributed, and sensitive to emergencies.However, few studies have focused on crowd sensitivity variation in social media data-based typhoon Risk perception. Based on the regional disaster system theory, a framework of analysis for crowd Risk perception was established to explore the feasibility of using social media data for typhoon Risk perception analysis and crowd sensitivity variation. The goal was to quantitatively analyze the impact of hazard intensity and social and geographical environments on Risk perception and its variation among population groups. Taking the Sina Weibo data during Typhoon Lekima of 2019 as an example, we found that:(1)Typhoon Lekima-related Weibo public attention changed in accordance with the evolution of the typhoon track and the number of Weibo posts shows a significantly positive correlation with disaster losses, while socioeconomic factors,including population, gross domestic product, and land area, are not explanatory factors of the spatial distribution of disaster-related Weibo posts;(2) Females, nonlocals with travel plans, and people living in areas with high hazard intensity, low elevation, or near waterbodies affected by Lekima paid more attention to the typhoon disaster;and(3)Descriptions of rainfall intensity by females are closer to the meteorological observation data.

关键词： China Crowd sensitivity Regional disaster system theory Risk perception Social media Typhoon Lekima

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Pre‑rainy Season Rainstorms in South China—Risk perception of the 11 April 2019 Rainstorm in Shenzhen City

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International Journal of Disaster risk Science 2022年第6期13卷 925-935页

作者： Xuran Sun Wei Zhou Guoming Zhang Lianyou Liu Guangpeng Wang Mingzhu Xiang Yuting Xiao Shufeng Qu Shouwei Li Jiaxue Li Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disasters Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of National Safety and Emergency Management Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Systems Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

With the acceleration of urbanization in South China, rainstorms and floods are threatening the safety of people in urban areas. The 11 April 2019(4·11 hereafter)rainstorm in Shenzhen City was a typical pre-rainy season rainstorm that caused great damage, yet such pre-rainy season events have not attracted sufficient attention in research.Risk perception of the public may indirectly affect their disaster preparedness, which is important for disaster management. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey that considered demographic factors and the level of Risk perception, knowledge of risk, impact of the 4·11 rainstorm event on public Risk perception, and degree of trust in the government. We used a two-factor model of Risk perception to evaluate the factors that influenced public Risk perception of the 4·11 rainstorm in Shenzhen. The main conclusions are: The 4·11 rainstorm improved public awareness of both risk and impact through the medium term, but the public’s perceived low probability of disaster occurrence and lack of knowledge of the pre-rainy season rainstorm phenomenon led to serious losses during this event. Although the public has high trust in the Shenzhen government, the management of rainstorm disasters in the pre-rainy season needs to be further improved.

关键词： Knowledge of risk Pre-rainy season rainstorm Risk perception Shenzhen city South China

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Influences of Risk perception and Sense of Place on Landslide Disaster Preparedness in Southwestern China

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International Journal of Disaster risk Science 2018年第2期9卷 167-180页

作者： Dingde Xu Li Peng Shaoquan Liu Xuxi Wang Sichuan Center for Rural Development Research College of Management of Sichuan Agricultural University Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Land and Resources China West Normal University

The effects of Risk perception and sense of place on disaster preparedness have been widely reported.However, most studies have only demonstrated weak relationships and it is unknown whether these are applicable to China. This study investigated such relationships in hazard-threatened areas of the Three Gorges Reservoir area in southwestern China. Data were collected from 348 farming households in landslide-prone areas. Binary logistic and Tobit regression models were constructed to determine whether Risk perception and sense of place influence landslide preparedness. The results show that:(1)Farming households' awareness of the need to prepare for disasters was relatively low, and disaster preparedness behaviors were mainly based on self-learning. Among the348 sampled households, 67% exhibited no disaster preparedness behavior, and only 2% adopted four of the five types of disaster preparedness behaviors. About a quarter of farming households consciously learned disaster-related knowledge.(2) Risk perception and sense of place had important influences on disaster preparedness. Respondentswho received higher scores on the perception of the probability of a landslide, the threat of a landslide, and the place dependence variables were more likely to adopt a greater number of disaster preparedness behaviors.Respondents with higher scores on the perception of controllability in the case of a landslide were less likely to adopt a greater number of disaster preparedness behaviors.Additionally, individual and household socioeconomic characteristics—education, loss, distance from hazard site,information acquisition channel, and housing material—were all related to household disaster preparedness behavior. This study contributes to the current literature by improving the understanding of the relationships of Risk perception and sense of place to disaster preparedness in farming households threatened by geological disasters in southwestern China.

关键词： China Disaster preparedness Risk perception Sense of place Three Gorges Reservoir area

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Rapid assessment of knowledge,attitudes,practices,and Risk perception related to the prevention and control of Ebola virus disease in three communities of Sierra Leone

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 447-452页

作者： Hai Jiang Guo-Qing Shi Wen-Xiao Tu Can-Jun Zheng Xue-Hui Lai Xin-Xu Li Qiang Wei Mei Li Li-Quan Deng Xiang Huo Ming-Quan Chen Feng Xu Long-Jie Ye Xi-Chen Bai Tong-Nian Chen Shao-Hua Yin Thomas T.Samba Xiao-Feng Liang State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206China ITERP Beijing 102206China District Health Management Team Western AreaMinistry of Health and SanitationFreetownSierra Leone

Background:The recent outbreak of the Ebola virus disease(EVD)in Sierra Leone has been characterized by the World Health Organization as one of the most challenging EVD outbreaks to date.The first confirmed case in Sierra Leone was a young woman who was admitted to a government hospital in Kenema following a miscarriage on 24 May 2014.On 5 January 2015,intensified training for an EVD response project was initiated at the medical university of Sierra Leone in Jui.To understand the knowledge,attitudes,practices,and perceived risk of EVD among the public,especially after this training,a rapid assessment was conducted from 10 to 16 March 2015.Methods:Interviews were conducted with 466 participants based on questionnaires that were distributed from 10 to 16 March 2015 by cluster sampling in three adjacent communities,namely Jui,Grafton,and Kossoh Town,in the Western Area Rural District of Sierra Leone.Results:It was found that knowledge about EVD was comprehensive and high.Positive attitude towards prevention was found to be satisfactory.Nearly all participants knew the reporting phone number 117 and had reported some change in behavior since learning about Ebola.More than half(62%)of the participants had a history of travelling to urban areas,which increases the risk of infection.The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that community and occupation were variables associated with perceived risk of EVD.Conclusions:Our study showed that community level social mobilization and community engagement were an effective strategy in the special context.

关键词： Knowledge Attitude Practice Risk perception ITERP Ebola Sierra Leone

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Nurses' and students' perception of risk from medical practices

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2017年第2期4卷 142-151页

作者： Yuko Adachi Yuya Kikuchi Department of Psychology Faculty of Human RelationsTokaigakuin UniversityNakakirino-cho 5-68KakamigaharaGifu 504-8511Japan Department of Acupuncture Faculty of Health Care SciencesTakarazuka University of Medical and Health CareHanayashiki-midorigaoka 1TakarazukaHyogo 666-0162Japan Graduate School of Human Sciences Osaka UniversityYamadaoka 1-2SuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

Objectives: To determine the Risk perceptions of a series of medical practices in non-expert (un-dergraduates) and expert (nurses) samples.Methods: Four hundred and forty-seven nurses and 246 undergraduate students participated in this study. They all answered questionnaires about the risk dimensions and acceptance for medical practices. Results: An exploratory factor analysis on participants' answers to various dimensions of risk yielded a two-factor structure for Risk perception in both samples: for nurses, the factors were"Unknown"and"Dread,"while for students, they were"Dread"and"Lack of Independence."For both nurses and stu-dents, the factor scores of Dread negatively related to individual risk acceptance of medical practices. Furthermore, nurses tended to be more accepting of practices that they knew well (i.e., low Unknown scale scores). For students, the subscale scores of the Lack of Independence factor negatively related to individual risk acceptance only for health examination practices. Nurses conceived risks more correctly and concretely compared to students. This was especially pronounced for practices related to medication use. Conclusions: Although both nurses and students conceived various risk contents from medical practices, their conceptions still differed. Knowledge of these differences in the structure of Risk perception and conceived risk contents of various medical practices between nurses and students could be utilized to improve risk communication in clinical practice.

关键词： Medical practices Nurse Risk perception risk acceptance Students

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Survey and Analysis on the Status Quo of Occupational Risk perception of Teachers in Public Vocational Colleges in an Underdeveloped Area

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当代教育研究(百图) 2023年第9期7卷 40-45页

作者： Di Tang International College Krirk UniversityBangkok 10220Thailand

This paper selects the teachers of public higher vocational college(College A)in underdeveloped areas to participate in the analysis,and conducts a questionnaire survey using the occupational Risk perception questionnaire of higher vocational teachers.A total of 223 higher vocational teachers were selected to participate in the survey in order to understand the status quo of occupational Risk perception of higher vocational teachers.The survey results show that the Cronbach’sαcoefficient of occupational Risk perception scale for higher vocational teachers is 0.846,and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)is 0.871.The education legal liability risk,workload risk,and career development risk are the highest average occupational Risk perception of higher vocational teachers.In conclusion,the occupational Risk perception scale of higher vocational teachers compiled in this study has good reliability and validity.The occupational risk perceived by teachers in public higher vocational colleges is relatively high.

关键词： Public higher vocational college teachers Occupational risk Risk perception

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