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Shining in the dark:the big world of small peptides in plants

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aBIOTECH 2023年第3期4卷 238-256页

作者： Yan-Zhao Feng Qing-Feng Zhu Jiao Xue Pei Chen Yang Yu Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed IndustryMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgro-Biological Gene Research CenterGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Small peptides represent a subset of dark matter in plant *** differential expression patterns and modes of action,small peptides act as important regulators of plant growth and devel*** the past 20 years,many small peptides have been identified due to technical advances in genome sequencing,bioinformatics,and chemical *** this article,we summarize the classifi-cation of plant small peptides and experimental strategies used to identify them as well as their potential use in agronomic *** review the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of small peptides in plants,discuss current problems in small peptide research and highlight future research directions in this *** review provides crucial insight into small peptides in plants and will contribute to a better understanding of their potential roles in biotechnology and agriculture.

关键词： Small peptide Biological function regulatory mechanism Crop improvement

Interleukin 6 and interferon gamma haplotypes are related to cytokine serum levels in dogs in an endemic Leishmania infantum region

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第1期12卷 62-70页

作者： LuisÁlvarez Pablo-Jesús Marín-García Pilar Rentero-Garrido Celia Pilar Martinez-Jimenez Lola Llobat Department of Animal Production and Health Public Health and Food Science and TechnologyVeterinary Medicine FacultyFacultad de VeterinariaUniversidad Cardenal Herrera-CEUCEU UniversitiesValenciaSpain Precision Medicine Unit INCLIVA Biomedical Research InstituteValenciaSpain Helmholtz Pioneer Campus(HPC) Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany

Background The Ibizan Hound is a canine breed native to the Mediterranean region,where leishmaniasis is an endemic *** studies indicate a low prevalence of this disease in Ibizan Hound dogs,whereas other canine breeds present a high ***,the underlying molecular mechanisms still remain *** aim of this work is to analyse the relationship between serum levels of cytokines and the genomic profiles in two canine breeds,Ibizan Hound(resistant canine breed model)and Boxer(susceptible canine breed model).Methods In this study,we analyse the haplotypes of genes encoding cytokines related to immune response of Leishmania infantum infection in twenty-four Boxers and twenty-eight Ibizan Hounds apparently healthy using CanineHD DNA Analysis BeadChip including 165,480 mapped *** *** extension of *** was used to perform a General Linear Model(GLM)regression to estimate the magnitude of individual haplotype effects within each *** Mean levels of interferon gamma(IFN-γ),interleukin 2(IL-2)and IL-18 in Boxer dogs were 0.19±0.05 ng/ml,46.70±4.54 ng/ml,and 36.37±30.59 pg/ml,whereas Ibizan Hound dogs present 0.49±0.05 ng/ml,64.55±4.54 ng/ml,and 492.10±31.18 pg/ml,*** GLM regression shows fifteen haplotypes with statistically significant effect on the cytokine serum levels(P<0.05).The more relevant are IL6-CGAAG and IFNG-GCA haplotypes,which increase and decrease the IL-2,IL-8 and IFN-γserum levels,*** Haplotypes in the IFNG and IL6 genes have been correlated to serum levels of IFN-γ,IL-2 and IL-18,and a moderate effect has been found on IL8 haplotype correlated to IL-8 and IL-18 serum *** results indicate that the resistance to *** infection could be a consequence of certain haplotypes with a high frequency in the Ibizan Hound dog breed,while susceptibility to the disease would be related to other specific haplotypes,with high frequency in *** studies are nee

关键词： Cytokine Haplotype Dog Immune response regulatory mechanism Resistance Susceptibility

Genetic and environmental control of rice tillering

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1287-1302页

作者： Yuping Yan Chaoqing Ding Guangheng Zhang Jiang Hu Li Zhu Dali Zeng Qian Qian Deyong Ren State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina

Increasing tiller number is a target of high-yield rice breeding. Identification of tiller-defect mutants and their corresponding genes is helpful for clarifying the molecular mechanism of rice tillering. Summarizing research progress on the two processes of rice tiller formation, namely the formation and growth of axillary meristem, this paper reviews the effects of genetic factors, endogenous hormones, and exogenous environment on rice tillering, finding that multiple molecular mechanisms and signal pathways regulating rice tillering cooperate rice tillering, and discusses future research objectives and application of its regulatory mechanism. Elucidation of theis mechanism will be helpful for breeding high-yielding rice cultivars with ideal plant type via molecular design breeding.

关键词： Rice tiller Axillary meristem Tiller bud Genetic and external factors regulatory mechanism

Production of L-glutamate family amino acids in Corynebacterium glutamicum:Physiological mechanism,genetic modulation,and prospects

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2021年第4期6卷 302-325页

作者： Qi Sheng Xiao-Yu Wu Xinyi Xu Xiaoming Tan Zhimin Li Bin Zhang Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources College of Bioscience and BioengineeringJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan430062China

L-glutamate family amino acids(GFAAs),consisting of L-glutamate,L-arginine,L-citrulline,L-ornithine,L-proline,L-hydroxyproline,γ-aminobutyric acid,and 5-aminolevulinic acid,are widely applied in the food,pharmaceutical,cosmetic,and animal feed industries,accounting for billions of dollars of market *** GFAAs have many functions,including being protein constituents,maintaining the urea cycle,and providing precursors for the biosynthesis of ***,the production of GFAAs mainly depends on microbial fermentation using Corynebacterium glutamicum(including its related subspecies Corynebacterium crenatum),which is substantially engineered through multistep metabolic engineering *** review systematically summarizes recent advances in the metabolic pathways,regulatory mechanisms,and metabolic engineering strategies for GFAA accumulation in *** and ***,which provides insights into the recent progress in L-glutamate-derived chemical production.

关键词： L-glutamate family Amino acids C.glutamicum regulatory mechanism Metabolic engineering Fermentation

Driving Factors, Effect Analysis and Countermeasures of the Development of China’s Live Broadcast Platform

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China Finance and Economic Review 2021年第1期10卷 102-116页

作者： Linlin Chen University School of Business Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Communication University of China Nanjing

The outbreak of coronovirus-19 epidemic has an unprecedented impact on economic and social *** traditional industries have stopped at one time,but the platform economy which is based on digital technology has accelerated its development and become a new driving force of China’s economic *** a new type and mode of business,live broadcast has grown rapidly with unique transmission advantages in this special environment,which not only meets the“no contact”demand during the epidemic situation,but also promotes the integration of online and offl *** development of live broadcast platform not only energizes the traditional industry,but also opens up the new growth space of China’s economy,expands the new fi eld of labor and employment,and plays an important role in rural revitalization and overcoming *** a new form and model of business in recent years,the live broadcast platform needs the active guidance and support of the government,and needs to strengthen supervision and governance to promote its healthy,orderly and sustainable development.

关键词： live broadcast platform digital economy regulatory mechanism fair competition governance countermeasures

Social credit:a comprehensive literature review

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Financial Innovation 2015年第1期1卷 70-87页

作者： Lean Yu Xinxie Li Ling Tang Zongyi Zhang Gang Kou School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China School of Business Administration Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengdu 611130China

To avoid credit fraud,social credit within an economic system has become an increasingly important criterion for the evaluation of economic agent activity and guaranteeing the development of a market economy with minimal supervision *** paper provides a comprehensive review of the social credit literature from the perspectives of theoretical foundation,scoring methods,and regulatory *** study considers the credit of various economic agents within the social credit system such as countries(or governments),corporations,and individuals and their credit variations in online markets(i.e.,network credit).A historical review of the theoretical(or model)development of economic agents is presented together with significant works and future research *** interesting conclusions are summarized from the literature review.(1)Credit theory studies can be categorized into traditional and emerging schools both focusing on the economic explanation of social credit in conjunction with creation and evolution mechanisms.(2)The most popular credit scoring methods include expert systems,econometric models,artificial intelligence(AI)techniques,and their hybrid *** indexes should vary across different target agents.(3)The most pressing task for regulatory mechanisms that supervise social credit to avoid credit fraud is the establishment of shared credit databases with consistent data standards.

关键词： Social credit Literature review Credit scoring regulatory mechanism Credit risk

lncRNAX-inactive-specific transcript is a potential biomarker related to changes in CD4+T cell levels in systemic lupus erythematosus

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2022年第3期2卷 159-174页

作者： Qi Cheng Xin Chen Jieying Xu Mo Chen Peiyu Zhang Huaxiang Wu Yan Du Department of Rheumatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Neurology Linping District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHangzhouChina

Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a particularly heterogeneous autoimmune *** study was intended to clarify the correlations between X-inactive-specific transcript(XIST)expression and SLE clinical features and the contribution of XIST to SLE pathogenesis at the transcriptome ***:XIST expression in 79 SLE patients,14 rheumatoid arthritis patients,and 23 healthy controls was determined by quantitative polymerase chain *** Benjamini and Hochberg adjusted method and multivariate linear regression were applied to correct p-values and adjust confounding factors,*** methods were used to explore the function and regulatory mechanism of ***:XIST was significantly elevated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CD4^(+)T cells from SLE patients compared with the levels in healthy controls and had potential diagnostic value for ***,XIST expression was positively correlated with the SLE disease activity index and significantly reduced after effective ***,SLE patients with high XIST expression tended to have elevated levels of CD4^(+)T cells,but reduced levels of NK *** analyses suggested that XIST may regulate OLFM4 and CEACAM8 expression by acting as a spongy body for miR-20a,miR-92a,miR-106a,and ***,CEACAM8 was significantly upregulated in CD4^(+)T cells from SLE patients and significantly positively correlated with XIST ***:lncRNA XIST,a potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for SLE,is involved in the change of immune cell balance in the peripheral blood of SLE ***,XIST may regulate the miR-17-92-CEACAM8 axis to achieve this in CD4^(+)T cells.

关键词： biomarker regulatory mechanism systemic lupus erythematosus transcriptome XIST

Nutrient Exchange and Regulation in Arbuscular Vlycorrhizal Symbiosis

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Molecular Plant 2017年第9期10卷 1147-1158页

作者： Wanxiao Wang

Most land plants form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi. These are the most common and widespread terrestrial plant symbioses, which have a global impact on plant mineral nutrition. The establishment of AM symbiosis involves recognition of the two partners and bidirectional transport of different mineral and carbon nutrients through the symbiotic interfaces within the host root cells. Intrigu- ingly, recent discoveries have highlighted that lipids are transferred from the plant host to AM fungus as a major carbon source, in this review, we discuss the transporter-mediated transfer of carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, potassium and sulfate, and present hypotheses pertaining to the potential regulatory mecha- nisms of nutrient exchange in AM symbiosis. Current challenges and future perspectives on AM symbiosis research are also discussed.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis nutrient exchange regulatory mechanism

Study on the Operation mechanism and Effect of the Yellow River Water and Sediment Regulation System

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Journal of World Architecture 2022年第5期6卷 8-16页

作者： Yaxi Cai Xiaodong Yang Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Xi'an 710075Shaanxi ProvinceChina Xi'an Water Supply Corporation Limited Xi'an 710082Shaanxi Province China

In order to scientifically deal with the problems of less water and more sediment in the Yellow River and the uncoordinated relationship between water and sediment,it is necessary to establish a perfect water and sediment regulation *** the calculation of the sediment transport capacity of the Yellow River and the application of the water and sediment regulation system,it is found that the sediment transport efficiency of the Yellow River will increase with the increase of water flow,and there will be an obvious inflection point near the flat *** joint regulation of the backbone reservoir group can discharge the large discharge close to the minimum flat discharge of the downstream river,which improves the sediment transport capacity of the river and alleviates the problem of sediment *** this paper,through the introduction of the Yellow River water and sediment regulation project system,regulation indicators and mechanisms,the author discusses in detail the Yellow River water and sediment regulation scheme and its operation effect,hoping to provide help promote the improvement of the Yellow River governance effect.

关键词： Yellow River Water and sediment regulation regulatory indicators regulatory mechanism Operation effect